2008-2011年汶川县法定乙类传染病疫情分析
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摘要
目的分析"5.12"汶川大地震后汶川县乙类法定传染病流行状况,为制定防制措施提供依据。方法收集2008-2011年汶川县法定报告传染病疫情资料,用描述性流行病学的方法进行统计分析。结果 2008-2011年汶川县共报告乙类法定传染病12种,共计898例,死亡6例。年平均发病率为216.52/10万,死亡率为1.45/10万,病死率为0.67%。2008-2011年发病率分别为278.73/10万、269.08/10万、186.14/10万和132.13/10万。发病率居前8位的是肺结核、乙肝、细菌性痢疾、梅毒、淋病、丙肝、甲肝、艾滋病,8种传染病发病数占总发病数的96.10%。肠道传染病年平均发病率为56.42/10万;血源及性传染病年平均发病率为77.64/10万;呼吸道传染病年平均发病率为82.22/10万,其发病2008年、2010年和2011年均居第1位,2009年居第2位。无乙类自然疫源及虫媒传染病报告。新生儿破伤风年均发病率为0.24/10万,居各类传染病的末位。结论 2008-2011年汶川县乙类传染病发病整体呈下降趋势,发病率前3位为呼吸道、血源及性传染病和肠道传染病,部分传染病疫情仍然比较严重,应继续加强相关传染病的防控。
Objective To provide the basis for developing pertinent control measures by analyzing the prevalence situation of class B infectious diseases in Wenchuan after the earthquake on May 12.Methods The infectious diseases mandatory reported data of Wenchuan from 2008 to 2011 were collected and analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 12 kinds of class B legal infectious diseases were reported in Wenchuan from 2008 to 2011,898 cases in total,including 6 deaths.The average annual incidence was 216.52/105,the mortality was 1.45/105 and the fatality rate was 0.67%.The morbidities of the top eight were tuberculosis,hepatitis B,dysentery,syphilis,gonorrhea,hepatitis C,hepatitis A and AIDS,successively,totally accounted for 96.10% of the total incidence.The average annual morbidity of intestinal infectious diseases was 56.42/105,the average annual morbidity of blood and sexual transmitted diseases(STDs) was 77.64/105.Few AIDS cases had been reported before 2008.The average annual morbidity of respiratory diseases was 82.22/105.No class B natural foci and insect-borne infectious diseases cases were reported.The average annual morbidity of neonatal tetanus was 0.24/105,which ranked at the bottom of all infectious diseases.Conclusion There is an ascending trend of the incidence rate of class B infectious disease in Wenchuan from 2008 to 2011 on the whole.
引文
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