2013年8月全国突发公共卫生事件及需关注的传染病风险评估
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摘要
目的评估2013年8月中国(未包括香港、澳门和台湾地区,以下同)突发公共卫生事件及需要关注的传染病风险。方法根据全国突发公共卫生事件报告及重点传染病监测等各种监测资料和部门通报信息,采用专家会商法进行评估。结果既往监测显示,8月是全年报告突发公共卫生事件数最低的月份之一;2013年1-7月全国突发公共卫生事件报告趋势和往年类似,各月事件数与2012年同期基本持平,7月报告事件数比6月下降。肠道传染病(如霍乱、伤寒副伤寒、痢疾等)和虫媒传染病(如登革热等)已进入流行季节。食物中毒事件的发生仍将维持在较高水平。目前中东呼吸综合征的疫情虽然不足以构成国际关注的突发公共卫生事件,但中东地区新发病例持续发生。7月我国多地持续发生高温天气且造成较多的中暑病例和死亡,气象部门预测8月部分地区高温天气仍将持续一段时间。近期有地震、台风、洪涝和干旱等自然灾害发生,可能导致的次生公共卫生风险。结论预计2013年8月我国的突发公共卫生事件及传染病疫情发生态势与往年类似,处于较低水平;需重点关注中东呼吸综合征、食物中毒和高温中暑。
Objective To assess the risk of public health emergency and communicable diseases concerned in August in the mainland of China,2013.Methods The analysis was conducted on the previous surveillance data of public health emergency and communicable diseases reported in China through different channels.Results Previous surveillance indicated that the incidence of public health emergency in August was lowest during a year.The incidence trend of public health emergency during January-July 2013 was similar with that in previous years,the monthly public health emergency numbers in 2013 was similar with those in the same period 2012 and this number declined in July compared with June.Now it is the high risk season for enteric communicable diseases(such as cholera,typhoid,paratyphoid,dysentery) and vector-borne infectious diseases(such as dengue).Food poisoning risk is still high.Although Middle East respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus(MERS-CoV) has not been recognized as an international public health concern yet,close attention still needs to be paid to it.Extreme hot weather in July in southern China had caused many heat stroke cases and some deaths,and it is forecasted that the extreme hot weather would last in August.Recently,earthquake,typhoon,flood and drought occurred frequently in China,and all of these natural disasters might cause secondary public health consequences.Conclusion It is expected that the incidence trend of public health emergency in August 2013 would be at low level,similar with those in previous years,but the surveillance of MERSCoV,food poisoning and heat stroke should be strengthened.
Objective To assess the risk of public health emergency and communicable diseases concerned in August in the mainland of China,2013.Methods The analysis was conducted on the previous surveillance data of public health emergency and communicable diseases reported in China through different channels.Results Previous surveillance indicated that the incidence of public health emergency in August was lowest during a year.The incidence trend of public health emergency during January-July 2013 was similar with that in previous years,the monthly public health emergency numbers in 2013 was similar with those in the same period 2012 and this number declined in July compared with June.Now it is the high risk season for enteric communicable diseases(such as cholera,typhoid,paratyphoid,dysentery) and vector-borne infectious diseases(such as dengue).Food poisoning risk is still high.Although Middle East respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus(MERS-CoV) has not been recognized as an international public health concern yet,close attention still needs to be paid to it.Extreme hot weather in July in southern China had caused many heat stroke cases and some deaths,and it is forecasted that the extreme hot weather would last in August.Recently,earthquake,typhoon,flood and drought occurred frequently in China,and all of these natural disasters might cause secondary public health consequences.Conclusion It is expected that the incidence trend of public health emergency in August 2013 would be at low level,similar with those in previous years,but the surveillance of MERSCoV,food poisoning and heat stroke should be strengthened.
引文
[1]WHO.Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERSCoV)-update.http://www.who.int/csr/don/2013_08_01/en/index.html(Access on 4 August 2013)
[2]National Health and Family Planning Commission.National notifiable diseases report of May 2013.http://www.moh.gov.cn/jkj/s3578/201308/a07de98fd3a94adb8d49f26b3ece65d4.shtml(Access on 10 August 2013).(in Chinese)国家卫生和计划生育委员会.2013年7月全国法定传染病疫情概况.北京:国家卫生和计划生育委员会.2013.http://www.moh.gov.cn/jkj/s3578/201308/a07de98fd3a94adb8d49 f26b3ece65d4.shtml(2013年8月10日访问)
[2]National Health and Family Planning Commission.National notifiable diseases report of May 2013.http://www.moh.gov.cn/jkj/s3578/201308/a07de98fd3a94adb8d49f26b3ece65d4.shtml(Access on 10 August 2013).(in Chinese)国家卫生和计划生育委员会.2013年7月全国法定传染病疫情概况.北京:国家卫生和计划生育委员会.2013.http://www.moh.gov.cn/jkj/s3578/201308/a07de98fd3a94adb8d49 f26b3ece65d4.shtml(2013年8月10日访问)
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