四川省山丘型黑热病的人群分布
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摘要
目的分析四川省不同职业人群黑热病发病趋势,为重点人群防治对策制定提供依据。方法收集、整理2005-2010年四川省黑热病疫情报告、各级医疗卫生机构诊治病例的病历记录资料;对就诊病例采用病原学或免疫学检测,阳性者给予锑剂治疗和收集流行病学资料。结果四川省2005-2010年于不同人群中共确诊黑热病病例372例,病例均有流行季节疫区居留史。疫区居民以九寨沟县发病最多,其次是黑水县和茂县,分别占疫区发病的52.09%、23.26%和18.60%;农业人口病例男女性别比为1.54∶1,发病年龄15岁以下占53.37%;非农业人口病例男女性别比2.08∶1,发病年龄18岁及以上占81.08%,乡镇干部和居民占59.46%。非疫区流动人口病例以到过省内九寨沟、黑水县和外省甘肃疫区后获得感染的居多,分别占非疫区发病的31.21%、18.47%和22.93%;男女病例性别比为8.81∶1,以到疫区务工的农民工为主,占76.43%(120/157),其次为旅游者等人员。结论疫区农业人口15岁以下人群应是重点防治对象,非农业人口乡镇干部和居民应是健康教育的主要对象。非疫区流动人群发病近年呈上升趋势,尤其是地震后进入疫区的大量农民工,应引起当地有关部门的高度重视。在疫区加强对外来人口管理与防病宣传,从流行病学上控制黑热病感染。
Objectives To understand the incidence trend of Leishmaniasis in different occupation populations in Sichuan province,so as to provide evidence for the measures towards high risk populations.Methods Records of Leishmaniasis at different levels of medical and health institutions during 2005-2010 were collected.Diagnosis of Heishmaniasis was made by etiological examination or immunologic test,and all diagnosed cases were treated with antimonials.Results A total of 372 patients were confirmed infection of Heishmaniasis in Sichuan province,and all the cases reported a history of living in endemic areas at endemic seasons.Of patients as permanent residents in endemic areas,the most originated from Jiuzhaigou county,followed by Heishui and Mao county,accounting for 52.1%,23.3% and 18.6%,respectively.In agricultural population cases,the sex ratio of male to female was 1.5∶1,and patients at age under 15 years accounted for 53.4%.In non agricultural population cases,the sex ratio was 2.1∶1,patients at age above18 years accounted for 81.1%,and cadres and urban residents accounted for 59.5% together.In patients from non endemic areas,the majority acquired infection in Jiuzhaigou,Heishui county,or in other endemic areas of Gansu province,with a proportion of 31.2%,18.5% and 22.9% respectively.The sex ratio of male to female was 8.8∶1.Migrant workers in endemic areas took the major part of the patients,accounting for 76.4%(120/157),followed by travelers.Conclusion Agricultural populations at age below 15 years in endemic areas were at high risk of acquiring infection of Leishmaniasis.It is necessary to conduct education programs among cadres and urban residents.The incidence of Leishmaniasis goes up among floating populations in recent years,particularly in migrant workers in endemic areas after earthquake.
Objectives To understand the incidence trend of Leishmaniasis in different occupation populations in Sichuan province,so as to provide evidence for the measures towards high risk populations.Methods Records of Leishmaniasis at different levels of medical and health institutions during 2005-2010 were collected.Diagnosis of Heishmaniasis was made by etiological examination or immunologic test,and all diagnosed cases were treated with antimonials.Results A total of 372 patients were confirmed infection of Heishmaniasis in Sichuan province,and all the cases reported a history of living in endemic areas at endemic seasons.Of patients as permanent residents in endemic areas,the most originated from Jiuzhaigou county,followed by Heishui and Mao county,accounting for 52.1%,23.3% and 18.6%,respectively.In agricultural population cases,the sex ratio of male to female was 1.5∶1,and patients at age under 15 years accounted for 53.4%.In non agricultural population cases,the sex ratio was 2.1∶1,patients at age above18 years accounted for 81.1%,and cadres and urban residents accounted for 59.5% together.In patients from non endemic areas,the majority acquired infection in Jiuzhaigou,Heishui county,or in other endemic areas of Gansu province,with a proportion of 31.2%,18.5% and 22.9% respectively.The sex ratio of male to female was 8.8∶1.Migrant workers in endemic areas took the major part of the patients,accounting for 76.4%(120/157),followed by travelers.Conclusion Agricultural populations at age below 15 years in endemic areas were at high risk of acquiring infection of Leishmaniasis.It is necessary to conduct education programs among cadres and urban residents.The incidence of Leishmaniasis goes up among floating populations in recent years,particularly in migrant workers in endemic areas after earthquake.
引文
[1]王兆俊,熊光华,管立人.新中国黑热病流行病学与防治成就[J].中华流行病学杂志,2000,21(1):51-54.
[2]张富南,张丽萍,张育智,等.四川省地震灾后黑热病疫情风险因素分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2010,26(6):433-436.
[3]WS258-2006黑热病诊断标准S.2006.
[4]张富南,肖宁,陈漪澜.rk39免疫层析试纸条检测黑热病效果评价[J].中国热带医学杂志,2008;8(5):710-711.
[5]雷杨,许国君,肖宁,等.2006-2008年四川省疟疾监测结果分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2010,26(2):107-110.
[6]Xu ZB.et al.:The characterization by isoenzyme electrophoresis of Leishmania isolated in the People's Republic of China[J].Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg,1984,78:689-693.
[7]Leng YJ.:A review of Leishmaniasis research in China from1960to 1986[J].Jap J Parasitol,1988,37(3):119-132.
[8]张富南,胡雅劼,张丽萍.1985-2009年四川省非疫区流动人口黑热病发病情况分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2011,27(3)186-190.
[2]张富南,张丽萍,张育智,等.四川省地震灾后黑热病疫情风险因素分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2010,26(6):433-436.
[3]WS258-2006黑热病诊断标准S.2006.
[4]张富南,肖宁,陈漪澜.rk39免疫层析试纸条检测黑热病效果评价[J].中国热带医学杂志,2008;8(5):710-711.
[5]雷杨,许国君,肖宁,等.2006-2008年四川省疟疾监测结果分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2010,26(2):107-110.
[6]Xu ZB.et al.:The characterization by isoenzyme electrophoresis of Leishmania isolated in the People's Republic of China[J].Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg,1984,78:689-693.
[7]Leng YJ.:A review of Leishmaniasis research in China from1960to 1986[J].Jap J Parasitol,1988,37(3):119-132.
[8]张富南,胡雅劼,张丽萍.1985-2009年四川省非疫区流动人口黑热病发病情况分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2011,27(3)186-190.
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