论我国应急救灾医疗转移救助机制及其完善
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摘要
在受灾区难以有效开展医疗救助的情况下,医疗转移救助就成为必要,它是应急救灾的重要组成部分。我国已初步建立了应急救灾转移机制,但在我国以汶川、芦山大地震为代表的大型应急救灾过程中,也暴露出规定不够具体、不太统一、政策性较强等问题。为此应借鉴世界先进国家做法,加以逐步完善:一是要提高统一领导机构行政级别并赋予实权;二是不断完善社会资源支持体系;三是构建救助系统的联动机制;四是明确医疗救助范围和标准;五是建立相应的责任与救济制度。
It is always difficult to carry out emergency medical assistances effectively in disaster areas,which makes it necessary to implement medical assistance transfer for disaster relief. Transfer mechanism for disaster relief has already been established in China. However,there still exist some problems of this mechanism in the process of disaster relief against catastrophes of Wenchuan earthquake and Lushan earthquake,such as unspecific,disorganized and highly policy-oriented provisions. Some countermeasures were put forward to improve it,such as promoting the administrative ranking of disaster relief management and endowing it with authority,improving the support system of social resources,developing mechanism to coordinate every department of the relief system,defining the scope and standard of medical assistance,and establishing corresponding responsibility and relief system.
It is always difficult to carry out emergency medical assistances effectively in disaster areas,which makes it necessary to implement medical assistance transfer for disaster relief. Transfer mechanism for disaster relief has already been established in China. However,there still exist some problems of this mechanism in the process of disaster relief against catastrophes of Wenchuan earthquake and Lushan earthquake,such as unspecific,disorganized and highly policy-oriented provisions. Some countermeasures were put forward to improve it,such as promoting the administrative ranking of disaster relief management and endowing it with authority,improving the support system of social resources,developing mechanism to coordinate every department of the relief system,defining the scope and standard of medical assistance,and establishing corresponding responsibility and relief system.
引文
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[14]苗兴壮.超越无常——突发事件应急静态系统构建[M].人民出版社,2006:288-295.
[15]蔡双燕.四川雅安地震:震区道路堵塞成救援死结[EB/OL].http://www.chinanews.com/sh/2013/04-21/4749342.shtml 2013-04-21.
[16]参见安雯.瑞典应急医疗救援体系对我国的启示[J].现代职业安全,2008,10:52-53
[17]李爱民,章成,张帆等.灾难性事故的医疗紧急救援[J].现代医药卫生,2004(20):2193.
[18]邱光荣.构建直升机为支撑的航空应急救援体系刻不容缓[N].环球时报,2009年11月18日.
[19]张文显.法理学[M].北京:法律出版社,2004:66.
[2]向洪,张文贤,李开兴,等.人口科学大辞典[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1994:135.
[3][4][5]中国法律信息网:http://law.law-star.com/html/lawsearch.htm),2013-04-25.
[6]应松年.突发公共事件应急处理法律制度研究[M].北京:国家行政学院出版社,2004:196.
[7]重庆市民政局公众信息网:http://jmz.cq.gov.cn/zh/news/show.aspx?id=2873,2013-5-24
[8]叶建平,侯大伟.四川明确“芦山地震”抗震救灾十大任务[EB/OL].http://news.xinhuanet.com/2013-04/22/c_115493710.htm,2013-05-25.
[9]中华人民共和国民政部.民政部关于加强救灾应急体系建设的指导意[EB/OL].http://www.mca.gov.cn/article/zwgk/fvfg/jzjj/201003/20100300060336.shtml,2013-05-25.
[10]秦银河.关于建立我国灾难医疗系统的设想[J].中国危重病急救医学,2003,19(5):259-261.
[11]苗兴壮.超越无常——突发事件应急静态系统构建[M].北京:人民出版社,2006:64
[12]郑静晨.美国灾害医学救援组织体系现状[J].现代职业安全,2008,8:62-63.
[13]于双平等.美国的灾害救援应急医疗物质国家战略储备[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2008,3(4):228-230.
[14]苗兴壮.超越无常——突发事件应急静态系统构建[M].人民出版社,2006:288-295.
[15]蔡双燕.四川雅安地震:震区道路堵塞成救援死结[EB/OL].http://www.chinanews.com/sh/2013/04-21/4749342.shtml 2013-04-21.
[16]参见安雯.瑞典应急医疗救援体系对我国的启示[J].现代职业安全,2008,10:52-53
[17]李爱民,章成,张帆等.灾难性事故的医疗紧急救援[J].现代医药卫生,2004(20):2193.
[18]邱光荣.构建直升机为支撑的航空应急救援体系刻不容缓[N].环球时报,2009年11月18日.
[19]张文显.法理学[M].北京:法律出版社,2004:66.
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