辽宁城市中学生及其家长突发事件安全知识知晓现状
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摘要
目的了解辽宁省中学生及其家长对突发事件的安全知晓水平现状,为中学生安全健康教育提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取辽宁省6个城市12所中学2 792名学生和2 769名家长,采用自行设计调查问卷进行调查,内容包括学生踩踏、伤害、溺水、食物中毒、触电、交通事件、火灾、地震8个方面的突发事件安全知识,家长对突发事件应对策略、自然灾害、公共卫生、人为事故、社会安全5个方面安全知识。结果中学生对踩踏、伤害、溺水、食物中毒、触电、交通事件、火灾、地震的安全知识知晓率分别为4.6%,19.9%,25.1%,31.8%,46.7%,49.1%,71.6%,72.9%;男生对触电安全知识的知晓率高于女生(χ2=8.99,P=0.00);不同年级学生对踩踏及溺水事件的安全知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为15.45,20.18,P值均<0.05);家长对突发事件的应对策略、人为事故、自然灾害、社会安全及公共卫生方面的安全知识知晓率依次为26.0%,27.9%,28.1%,45.6%,48.6%;高学历家长对突发事件安全知识的知晓率高于低学历家长(P值均=0.00);居住在城市的家长突发事件安全知识知晓率高于居住在农村的家长(P值均=0.00);家庭收入高的家长除社会安全知识外的突发事件安全知识知晓率高于家庭收入低的家长(P值均=0.00)。学生及家长获得安全知识的主要途径为电视、网络及报纸。结论中学生及家长的突发事件安全知识水平偏低,学生获得安全知识的主要途径为新闻媒体。要加强学校突发事件安全知识教育,发挥学校安全教育主渠道作用。
Objective To investigate the present situation of middle school students' and their parents' safety knowledge level to emergencies and to provide reference for students' safety education. Methods A cross-sectional was carried out among 2792 students and 2 769 parents in Liaoning province,China. The questionnaires was self-designed including Students' section and parents' section. Results Middle school students' awareness rate on the knowledge of trample,injury,drowning,food poisoning,electric shock,traffic incidents,fire safety,earthquake was 4. 6%,19. 9%,25. 1%,31. 8%,46. 7%,49. 1%,71. 6%,72. 9% respectively. Boys' awareness rate on the knowledge of electric shock was higher than girls'( P = 0. 00). Different grades' students' awareness rate on the safety knowledge of trample and drowning events were significantly different( P < 0. 05). Parents' awareness rate on the knowledge of solutions of emergency,human accident,natural disaster,security of society,public health,was 26. 0%,27. 9%,28. 1%,45. 6%,48. 6%,respectively. The awareness rate of parents in different degrees of education on the safety knowledge of emergency had significant differences( P = 0. 00). Different incomes' and residences' parents' awareness rate on the safety knowledge of emergency had significant differences( P = 0. 00). The main way of students and their parents to get security knowledge was TV,Internet and newspaper. Conclusion The students' and parents' cognitive and safety knowledge level of emergencies needs to be improved. The main way for students to obtain security knowledge is from news media,rather than schools. Schools' emergency safety knowledge education should be strengthened as the main channel for safety education,to improve the students' and parents' emergency safety awareness,knowledge and ability.
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