绵阳市4个重灾区饮用水动态监测分析
|
摘要
[目的]了解绵阳市4个重灾区饮用水水质在5.12地震后的动态变化,为群众安全卫生饮水提供指导意见,为政府制定决策措施提供科学依据。[方法]对2008年5月17日～9月31日绵阳市受灾最严重的北川、平武、安县和江油4个县(市)的集中式供水出厂水和末梢水进行采样,按照GB5749-2006年常规指标进行连续监测分析,对灾民安置点的饮用水进行余氯快速检测。[结果]共采集集中式供水饮用水2540份,总合格率85.87%。北川、平武、安县和江油饮用水的合格率分别为60.15%、83.10%、83.21%、92.08%,各地合格率逐步好转,恢复程度差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.001);5～9月饮用水的合格率分别为45.52%、82.42%、86.99%、87.06%、95.37%,呈逐月上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.001)。至2008年9月,除北川(77.78%)外,其他3个重灾区饮用水的合格率都高于95%。不合格指标以总大肠菌群、消毒剂余量和浑浊度为主。灾民安置点快速检测水样9047个,余氯检测合格8386个,经煮沸消毒635个,消毒合格率99.71%。[结论]4个重灾区饮用水在地震后受到较大影响,尤以北川最为严重。在全国卫生防疫人员努力下,灾区集中式供水水质逐步好转,灾民安置点饮用水消毒得到有效保证。
[Objective] To understand the dynamic change of drinking water quality in Mianyang four quake-hit areas after 5.12 earthquake, provide guiding opinions about how to provide safe and sanitary water for people and scientific measures for the government. [Methods] The central supplied out-factory water and distal water were continuous collected in Beichuan, Pingwu, Anxian and Jiangyou which were suffered serious in this earthquake from May 17th to September 31th, 2008. All water samples were detected according to standard examination methods GB 5749-2006, fast surveillance work was conducted at victim resettlement sites. [Results] 2 540 central supplied water samples were collected, the total qualified rate was 85.87%. The qualified rate of Beichuan, Pingwu, Anxian and Jiangyou was 60.15%, 83.10%, 83.21%, 92.08% respectively; it rose gradually and had significant difference on the drinking water recovery degree (P﹤0.001). The qualified rate in May to September was 45.52%, 82.42%, 86.99%, 87.06%, 95.37% separately; it increased monthly and the difference of each month had statistical significance too (P﹤0.001). The qualified rate of drinking water was over than 95% in all three disaster areas except the Beichuan County (77.78%) until September in 2008. The total coliform group, chlorine residual and turbidity were the most serious indexes among the unqualified items. 9 047 water samples at victim resettlement sites were fast detected, 8 386 samples were qualified by chlorine residual test, 635 samples were sterilized by boiling, and the disinfection qualified rate achieved 99.71%. [Conclusion] The drinking water is influenced distinctly in four quake-hit areas after earthquake, especially in the Beichuan. The central supplied water quality has become better in the disaster area and the disinfection quality of victim resettlement sites is guaranteed effectually under the national epidemic prevention worker’s endeavor.
[Objective] To understand the dynamic change of drinking water quality in Mianyang four quake-hit areas after 5.12 earthquake, provide guiding opinions about how to provide safe and sanitary water for people and scientific measures for the government. [Methods] The central supplied out-factory water and distal water were continuous collected in Beichuan, Pingwu, Anxian and Jiangyou which were suffered serious in this earthquake from May 17th to September 31th, 2008. All water samples were detected according to standard examination methods GB 5749-2006, fast surveillance work was conducted at victim resettlement sites. [Results] 2 540 central supplied water samples were collected, the total qualified rate was 85.87%. The qualified rate of Beichuan, Pingwu, Anxian and Jiangyou was 60.15%, 83.10%, 83.21%, 92.08% respectively; it rose gradually and had significant difference on the drinking water recovery degree (P﹤0.001). The qualified rate in May to September was 45.52%, 82.42%, 86.99%, 87.06%, 95.37% separately; it increased monthly and the difference of each month had statistical significance too (P﹤0.001). The qualified rate of drinking water was over than 95% in all three disaster areas except the Beichuan County (77.78%) until September in 2008. The total coliform group, chlorine residual and turbidity were the most serious indexes among the unqualified items. 9 047 water samples at victim resettlement sites were fast detected, 8 386 samples were qualified by chlorine residual test, 635 samples were sterilized by boiling, and the disinfection qualified rate achieved 99.71%. [Conclusion] The drinking water is influenced distinctly in four quake-hit areas after earthquake, especially in the Beichuan. The central supplied water quality has become better in the disaster area and the disinfection quality of victim resettlement sites is guaranteed effectually under the national epidemic prevention worker’s endeavor.
引文
[1]雷百灵,周云,朱颖,等.汶川地震绵阳极重灾区医疗救援应急指挥纪实[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8:581-587.
[2]朱鸿斌,程娟,赵大余,等.四川省“5.12”地震灾区饮用水卫生情况分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2008,24:849-852.
[3]Gupta SK,Suantio A,Gray A,et al.Factors associated with E.coli contamination of household drink water among tsunami andearthquake survivors,Indonesia.Am J Trop Med Hyg,2007,76:1158-1162.
[4]李铁钢,王鸣,袁俊,等.地震灾后四川江油市卫生防疫需求及应对措施[J].华南预防医学,2008,34:13-15.
[5]李明川,张涛,杜慧兰,等.成都市地震灾害后饮水卫生安全的应急措施[J].预防医学情报杂志,2008,24:933-934.
[6]胡志刚,王德东,王鸣,等.汶川地震灾区生活饮用水消毒质量的调查[J].中国消毒学杂志,2008,25:636-638.
[7]刘明兴,张辉,吴泳,等.德阳地震重灾区饮用水卫生调查[J].预防医学情报杂志,2008,12:947-950.
[8]黄汝明.地震灾害后的饮水卫生工作体会[J].华南预防医学,2008,34:33-34.
[2]朱鸿斌,程娟,赵大余,等.四川省“5.12”地震灾区饮用水卫生情况分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2008,24:849-852.
[3]Gupta SK,Suantio A,Gray A,et al.Factors associated with E.coli contamination of household drink water among tsunami andearthquake survivors,Indonesia.Am J Trop Med Hyg,2007,76:1158-1162.
[4]李铁钢,王鸣,袁俊,等.地震灾后四川江油市卫生防疫需求及应对措施[J].华南预防医学,2008,34:13-15.
[5]李明川,张涛,杜慧兰,等.成都市地震灾害后饮水卫生安全的应急措施[J].预防医学情报杂志,2008,24:933-934.
[6]胡志刚,王德东,王鸣,等.汶川地震灾区生活饮用水消毒质量的调查[J].中国消毒学杂志,2008,25:636-638.
[7]刘明兴,张辉,吴泳,等.德阳地震重灾区饮用水卫生调查[J].预防医学情报杂志,2008,12:947-950.
[8]黄汝明.地震灾害后的饮水卫生工作体会[J].华南预防医学,2008,34:33-34.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心