四川省三个重灾县震后乙类法定报告肠道传染病发生风险评估
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摘要
目的评估雅安市3个地震重灾县震后发生肠道传染病的风险,为地震灾区制定预防肠道传染病的有效措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对四川省雅安市天全县、芦山县、宝兴县2008-2013年3月肠道传染病疫情监测情况进行分析。结果 2008-2013年3月雅安市天全县、芦山县、宝兴县共报告乙类法定肠道传染病5种,共计293例,死亡0例,占雅安市肠道报告病例总数的11.20%,年报告发病率15.91/10万。其中2008年报告发病率最高为27.50/10万,自2010年以后开始逐年下降,至2012年降至13.94/10万。报告发病率最高的细菌性痢疾病例主要集中在5～9月(134/288,46.53%)。灾区介水肠道传染病如细菌性痢疾发生暴发疫情的风险较高。结论震后灾区卫生状况差,随着气温升高,应采取注意保护水源和饮水安全,加强食品安全监管等相应措施控制肠道传染病尤其是细菌性痢疾的暴发流行。
Objective To analyze the risk factors to the incidence and spread of intestinal infectious diseases and find out the epidemic prone diseases after earthquake in Ya'an city,Sichuan province,and provide guidance for taking more effective prevention and control measures of intestinal infectious diseases in quake-hit area.Methods The data of intestinal infectious diseases reported from January 1,2008 to March 31,2013 in quake-hit areas including Tianquan,Lushan and Baoxing county were analyzed.Based on the literature review,the risk factors which might increase intestinal infectious diseases transmission and the list of main epidemic prone diseases were described.Results A total of 293 cases of 5 intestinal infectious diseases were reported during this period with the annual incidence of 15.91 / lakh,accounting for 11.20% of the total cases of intestinal infectious diseases in Ya'an city.The highest rate was 27.50 / lakh in 2008.The rate gradually decreased from 2010,and was 13.94 / lakh in 2012.The incidence of bacillary dysentery was still high during May and September(134 /288,46.53%).Intestinal infectious disease-bacillary dysentery was with a high transmission potential.Conclusions It is necessary to take appropriate measures such as strengthening water and food safety to prevent and control the outbreak of intestinal infectious diseases,especially bacillary dysentery after earthquake.
Objective To analyze the risk factors to the incidence and spread of intestinal infectious diseases and find out the epidemic prone diseases after earthquake in Ya'an city,Sichuan province,and provide guidance for taking more effective prevention and control measures of intestinal infectious diseases in quake-hit area.Methods The data of intestinal infectious diseases reported from January 1,2008 to March 31,2013 in quake-hit areas including Tianquan,Lushan and Baoxing county were analyzed.Based on the literature review,the risk factors which might increase intestinal infectious diseases transmission and the list of main epidemic prone diseases were described.Results A total of 293 cases of 5 intestinal infectious diseases were reported during this period with the annual incidence of 15.91 / lakh,accounting for 11.20% of the total cases of intestinal infectious diseases in Ya'an city.The highest rate was 27.50 / lakh in 2008.The rate gradually decreased from 2010,and was 13.94 / lakh in 2012.The incidence of bacillary dysentery was still high during May and September(134 /288,46.53%).Intestinal infectious disease-bacillary dysentery was with a high transmission potential.Conclusions It is necessary to take appropriate measures such as strengthening water and food safety to prevent and control the outbreak of intestinal infectious diseases,especially bacillary dysentery after earthquake.
引文
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(2)Neuberger A,Tenenboim S,Golos M,et al.Infectious diseasesseen in a primary care clinic in Leogane,Haiti(J).Am J TropMed Hyg,2012,86(1):11-15.
(3)Murthy S,Christian MD.Infectious diseases following disasters(J).Disaster Med Public Health Prep,2010,4(3):232-238.
(4)Morand S,Owers KA,Waret-Szkuta A,et al.Climate variabilityand outbreaks of infectious diseases in Europe(J).Sci Rep,2013,3:1774.
(5)Teschke K,Bellack N,Shen H,et al.Water and sewage sys-tems,socio-demographics,and duration of residence associatedwith endemic intestinal infectious diseases:acohort study(J).BMC Public Health,2010,10:767.
(6)Pourakbari B,Mamishi S,Kohan L,et al.Lethal toxic encepha-lopathy due to childhood shigellosis or Ekiri syndrome(J).Micro-biol Immunol Infect,2012,45(2):147-150.
(7)Lynch J,Wathen J,Tham E,et al.Disasters and their effects onchildren(J).Adv Pediatr,2010,57(1):7-31.
(8)Triassi M,Ottaiano E,Diana MV,et al.Epidemiologic situation ofviral hepatitis type A in Campania:perspectives of prevention andcontrol of infections at the local level(J).Ann Ig,2012,24(1):73-80.
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