地震滑坡启程动力学机理
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摘要
为深入揭示地震滑坡的启程动力学机理,探讨了地震诱发滑坡的启动机制.在分析滑坡滑动前聚集的临床弹性应变能的基础上,同时考虑地震水平加速度和竖向加速度,运用能量转化原理,导出了地震滑坡启程速度的计算公式.研究结果表明,地震触发斜坡破坏,主要是其"波动振荡链"综合效应所致;地震滑坡启程阶段经历了"先启动,后加速至启程"的过程;汶川地震东河口滑坡启程速度的计算结果与用动量传递法计算的结果相比,误差约3%.
The starting mechanism of earthquake-induced landslides was investigated in order to make a further research on the complex dynamics mechanism of landslide setting out.Based on the analysis of aggregated elastic strain energy,the expression of the setting-out velocity of seismic landslides was derived with the theory of energy conversion and by considering the vertical and horizontal accelerations of an earthquake together.The research result shows that the slope failure caused by earthquake is due to the comprehensive effect of "fluctuating oscillation chain",and seismic landslides go through a process from starting to accelerating to setting-out in the whole setting-out stage.The relative difference between calculated setting-out velocities based on the above expression and the momentum transfer method is about 3% to Donghekou landslide induced by the Wenchuan earthquake.
The starting mechanism of earthquake-induced landslides was investigated in order to make a further research on the complex dynamics mechanism of landslide setting out.Based on the analysis of aggregated elastic strain energy,the expression of the setting-out velocity of seismic landslides was derived with the theory of energy conversion and by considering the vertical and horizontal accelerations of an earthquake together.The research result shows that the slope failure caused by earthquake is due to the comprehensive effect of "fluctuating oscillation chain",and seismic landslides go through a process from starting to accelerating to setting-out in the whole setting-out stage.The relative difference between calculated setting-out velocities based on the above expression and the momentum transfer method is about 3% to Donghekou landslide induced by the Wenchuan earthquake.
引文
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[13]顾成壮,杨鸿发,胡卸文,等.模糊综合评判法分析地震滑坡启程能量转换[J].岩土力学,2012,33(增刊1):19-24.GU Chengzhuang,YANG Hongfa,HU Xiewen,et al.Analysis of energy conversion of earthquake-inducedlandslide based on fuzzy synthetic evaluation[J].Rockand Soil Mechanics,2012,33(Sup.1):19-24.
[14]胡厚田.高速远程滑坡流体动力学理论的研究[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2003:24-34.
[15]邢爱国,高广运,陈龙珠,等.大型高速滑坡启程流体动力学机理研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(4):607-613.XING Aiguo,GAO Guangyun,CHEN Longzhu,et al.Study on hyrodynamics mechanism of large highspeedlandslide in the set-out stage[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(4):607-613.
[16]许强,裴向军,黄润秋,等.汶川地震大型滑坡研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:221-262.
[2]殷跃平.汶川地震地质与滑坡灾害概论[M].北京:地质出版社,2009:60-67.
[3]毛彦龙,胡广韬,赵法锁,等.地震动触发滑坡体滑动的机理[J].西安工程学院学报,1998,20(4):45-48.MAO Yanlong,HU Guangtao,ZHAO Fasuo,et al.Mechanics of the landslide sliding caused byseismic[J].Journal of Xi'an Engineering University,1998,20(4):45-48.
[4]张倬元.工程地质分析原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1993:359-362.
[5]王来贵,章梦涛,王泳嘉,等.基岩振动干扰下的动力滑坡机制研究[J].工程地质学报,1997,5(2):137-142.WANG Laigui,ZHANG Mengtao,WANG Yongjia,etal.The study of mechanism for dynamic slope-slippingby vibration in base rock[J].Journal of EngineeringGeology,1997,5(2):137-142.
[6]祁生文,伍法权,刘春玲,等.地震边坡稳定性的工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2792-2796.QI Shengwen,WU Faquan,LIU Chunling,et al.Engineering geology analysis of stability of slope underearthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2004,23(16):2792-2796.
[7]钱培风.竖向地震力[J].地震工程与工程振动,1983,3(2):44-55.QIAN Peifeng.On vertical seismic load[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1983,3(2):44-55.
[8]胡广韬.滑坡动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1995:36-77.
[9]毛彦龙,胡广韬,毛新虎,等.地震滑坡启程剧动的机理研究及离散元模拟[J].工程地质学报,2001,9(1):74-80.MAO Yanlong,HU Guangtao,MAO Xinhu,et al.Mechanism of set-out violent slide of slope mass duringearthquake and its simulation by using discrete elementmethod[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2001,9(1):74-80.
[10]程谦恭,胡厚田,胡广韬,等.高速岩质滑坡临床弹冲与峰残强降复合启程加速动力学机理[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(2):173-176.CHENG Qiangong,HU Houtian,HU Guangtao,et al.A study of complex acceleration dynamics mechanismof high-speed landslide by elastic rocky impulse andpeak-residual strength drop[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(2):173-176.
[11]姚姚.地震波场与地震勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2006:13-19.
[12]刘汉超,张倬元.龙羊峡附近超固结粘土大型滑坡的形成机制及高速远滑的原因[J].成都地质学院学报,1986,13(8):94-104.LIU Hanchao,ZHANG Zhuoyuan.The mechanism ofhuge landslides in overconsolidated clay near LongyangGorge damsite[J].Journal of Chengdu University ofTechnology,1986,13(8):94-104.
[13]顾成壮,杨鸿发,胡卸文,等.模糊综合评判法分析地震滑坡启程能量转换[J].岩土力学,2012,33(增刊1):19-24.GU Chengzhuang,YANG Hongfa,HU Xiewen,et al.Analysis of energy conversion of earthquake-inducedlandslide based on fuzzy synthetic evaluation[J].Rockand Soil Mechanics,2012,33(Sup.1):19-24.
[14]胡厚田.高速远程滑坡流体动力学理论的研究[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2003:24-34.
[15]邢爱国,高广运,陈龙珠,等.大型高速滑坡启程流体动力学机理研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(4):607-613.XING Aiguo,GAO Guangyun,CHEN Longzhu,et al.Study on hyrodynamics mechanism of large highspeedlandslide in the set-out stage[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(4):607-613.
[16]许强,裴向军,黄润秋,等.汶川地震大型滑坡研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:221-262.
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