昆仑山与汶川强烈地震对青藏块体东北缘地壳运动及应变积累的影响
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摘要
充分应用GPS、区域水准、跨断层等地形变观测资料,借助非震负位错反演,结合地震活动,综合研究2001年11月14日昆仑山Ms8.1级地震对青藏块体东北缘地壳运动与应变积累的影响。通过分析笔者认为,青藏块体内部Ms8.1级巨大地震能量释放产生的扰动应力场对NE向主压背景应力场的调制作用,导致块体边界构造区域地壳差异运动和应力应变状态发生变化。其中,对阿尔金断裂东段与祁连山断裂带西段的应变积累状态反映减缓为主的影响,而对祁连山断裂带中东段则反映促进应变积累为主的影响。这种影响是一定时期、一定程度的。近期青藏块体东北缘区域应力场处于昆仑山、玉门、民乐等地震后的恢复状态。而由2008年5月12日汶川Ms8.0地震后有限的GPS、跨断层短水准观测资料,可推测汶川地震对甘川交界东段-甘川陕交界区应变积累状况一定程度促进影响。
Making full use of crustal deformation data obtained from GPS,regional leveling and cross-fault means,aided by the inversion of negative dislocation,and combined with seismic activities,the authors studied the influence of the Ms8.1 Kunlun Mountains Great Earthquake of November 14,2001 on the crustal movement and strain accumulation in the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Xizang block.The result shows that it was the adjustment action of disturbance stress field caused by this enormous seismic energy releasing inside Qinghai-Xizang block in the northeastward compressional background field that led to the variation of the crustal difference movement and the stress-strain state in the block boundary.To some extent and for a period of time,the action mainly found expression in the reduction of strain accumulation in the eastern segment of the Altyn Tagh fault and the western segment of the Qilian Mountain fracture zone,and in the promotion of strain accumulation in the middle-eastern segments of the Qilian Mountain fracture zone.Presently the regional stress field of the study area reflects the recovering state after the Kunlun Mountains,Yumen and Minle earthquakes.Moreover,based on limited data obtained from GPS,short-leveling and cross-fault means after the Wenchuan Earthquake of May 12,2008,the authors consider that the Wenchuan Earthquake promoted the strain accumulation in the eastern segment of the Gansu-Sichuan boundary as well as along the Gansu-Sichuan-Shaanxi boundary.
Making full use of crustal deformation data obtained from GPS,regional leveling and cross-fault means,aided by the inversion of negative dislocation,and combined with seismic activities,the authors studied the influence of the Ms8.1 Kunlun Mountains Great Earthquake of November 14,2001 on the crustal movement and strain accumulation in the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Xizang block.The result shows that it was the adjustment action of disturbance stress field caused by this enormous seismic energy releasing inside Qinghai-Xizang block in the northeastward compressional background field that led to the variation of the crustal difference movement and the stress-strain state in the block boundary.To some extent and for a period of time,the action mainly found expression in the reduction of strain accumulation in the eastern segment of the Altyn Tagh fault and the western segment of the Qilian Mountain fracture zone,and in the promotion of strain accumulation in the middle-eastern segments of the Qilian Mountain fracture zone.Presently the regional stress field of the study area reflects the recovering state after the Kunlun Mountains,Yumen and Minle earthquakes.Moreover,based on limited data obtained from GPS,short-leveling and cross-fault means after the Wenchuan Earthquake of May 12,2008,the authors consider that the Wenchuan Earthquake promoted the strain accumulation in the eastern segment of the Gansu-Sichuan boundary as well as along the Gansu-Sichuan-Shaanxi boundary.
引文
崔笃信,王庆良,王文萍.2008.昆仑8.1级地震对青藏高原东北缘地壳形变场的影响[J].大地测量与地球动力学,28(3):1-9.
丁国瑜,卢演俦.1989.板内块体的现代运动[A].见:马杏垣主编,中国岩石圈动力学图集[C].北京:中国地图出版社,21.
董树文,施炜,石菊松,张岳桥,龙长兴,吴珍汉,安美建,张永双,杨农,陈正乐,雷伟志.2008.四川汶川Ms8.0地震地表破裂构造初步调查与发震背景分析[J].地球学报,29(3):392-396.
顾国华,张晶,王武星.2003.关于2001年昆仑山8.1级大地震前后中国大陆地壳水平运动的讨论[J].地震学报,25(6):654-660.
江在森,张希,崔笃信,胡亚轩,陈文胜,王双绪,陈兵.2001青藏块体东北缘近期水平运动与变形[J].地球物理学报44(5):636-644.
王双绪,张希,张晓亮,王继英.2004.8.1级震后青藏块体东北部水平形变态势与地震有序活动研究[J].高原地震,16(1):1-8.
王双绪,张希,张四新,张晓亮,薛富平.2005.青藏高原东北缘现今构造变动与地震活动特征[J].地球学报,26(3):210-216.
杨国华,江在森,张风霜,刘峡,韩月萍.2007.昆仑山8.1级地震对青藏高原东北缘地壳水平运动影响的讨论[J].国际地震动态,343(7):53-60.
张希,王双绪,崔笃信,张晓亮,薛富平,陈兵.2004.民乐—山丹地震的区域构造变形背景与中短期前兆[J].中国地震,20(3):238-246.
张希,江在森,王琪,王双绪,崔笃信,张晓亮.2005a.青藏块体东北缘弹性块体边界负位错反演与强震地点预测[J].地震学报,27(6):620-629.
张希,张四新,王双绪,江在森.2005b.北祁连—河西地区强震地点预测[J].大地测量与地球动力学,25(1):40-46.
张希,刘文义,王双绪,王文萍,张晓亮,崔笃信,薛富平.2006.西北地区近期地壳水平运动与构造变形特征[J].中国地震,22(1):43-55.
张晓亮,江在森,张希,赵永年,朱桂枝.2007.昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震同震形变场的模拟分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,27(2):16-21.
CUI Du-xin,WANG Qing-liang,WANG Wen-ping.2008.Effect of Kunlun ms8.1earthquake on crustal deformation in the north-eastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].J.of Geodesy and Geodynamics,28(3):1-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
DING Guo-yu,LU Yan-shou.1989.Modern movement of in-ter-plate blocks[A]:Ma Xing-huan,Figure Set of China litho-sphere Dynamics[C].Beijing:Chinese Map Press,21(in Chi-nese).
DONG Shu-wen,SHI Wei,SHI Ju-song,ZHANG Yue-qiao,LONG Chang-xing,WU Zhen-han,AN Mei-jian,ZHANG Yong-shuang,YANG Nong,CHEN Zheng-le,LEI Wei-zhi.2008.Surface rupture investigation of the Wenchuan Ms8.0Earthquake of May12th,2008,west Sichuan,and analysis of its occurrence setting[J].Acta Geoscientica Ainica,29(3):392-396(in Chinese with English abstract).
GU Guo-hua,ZHANG Jing,WANG Wu-xing.2003.Horizontal movement in Chinese mainland before and after the great Kunlun mountain Ms=8.1earthquake in2001[J].Acta Seis-mologica Sinica,25(6):654-660(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
JIANG Zai-sen,ZHANG Xi,CUI Du-xin,HU Ya-xuan,CHEN Wen-sheng,WANG Shuang-xu,CHEN Bing.2001.Recent horizontal movement and deformation in the northeast margin of Qinghai-Tibet block[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,44(5):636-644(in Chinese with English abstract).
MATSU’URA M,JACKSON D D,CHENG A.1986.Dislocation model for aseismic crustal deformation at Hollister,Califor-nia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,91(B12):12661-12674.
OKADA Y.1985.Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half-space[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,75(4):1135-1154.
WANG Shuang-xu,ZHANG Xi,ZHANG Xiao-liang,WANG Ji-ying.2004.Study on horizontal deformation and orderly seismic activities in the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang block after8.1earthquake[J].Earthquake Research in Plateau,16(1):1-8(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Shuang-xu,ZHANG Xi,ZHANG Si-xin,ZHANG Xiao-liang,XUE Fu-ping.2005.Characteristics of recent tec-tonic deformation and seismic activity in the northeastern margin of Tibet plateau[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,26(3):209-216(in Chinese with English abstract).
YANG Guo-hua,JIANG Zai-sen,ZHANG Feng-shuang,LIU Xia,HAN Yue-ping.2007.The effect of Kunlun Ms8.1earthquake to horizontal crustal deformation on the northeastern edge of Qinghai-Tibet block[J].Recent Developments in World Seis-mology,343(7):53-60(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Xi,WANG Shuang-xu,CUI Du-xin,ZHANG Xiao-liang,XUE Fu-ping,Chen Bing.2004.Regional tectonic deforma-tion background and mediumand short-term precursors to the Minle-Shandan earthquake[J].Earthquake Research in China,20(3):238-246(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Xi,JIANG Zai-sen,WANG Qi,WANG Shuang-xu,CUI Du-xin,ZHANG Xiao-liang.2005a.Inversion for negative dislocation on elastic block boundaries along the northeast margin of Qinghai-Xizang block and prediction for strong earthquake location[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,27(6):620-629.
ZHANG Xi,ZHANG Si-xin,WANG Shuang-xu,JIANG Zai-sen.2005b.Prediction of place of strong earthquake in northern Qilian-Hexi area[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,25(1):40-46(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Xi,LIU Wen-yi,WANG Shuang-xu,WANG Wen-ping,ZHANG Xiao-liang,CUI Du-xin,XUE Fu-ping.2006.Char-acteristics of recent horizontal crustal movement and tectonic deformation features in the northwest China region[J].Earth-quake Research in China,20(3):271-285.
ZHANG Xiao-liang,JIANG Zai-sen,ZHANG Xi,ZHAO Yong-nian,ZHU Gui-zhi.2007.Simulation and analysis of coseismic deformation field of Ms8.1earthquake in west to Kunlun Mountain pass[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geody-namics,27(2):16-21(in Chinese with English abstract).
丁国瑜,卢演俦.1989.板内块体的现代运动[A].见:马杏垣主编,中国岩石圈动力学图集[C].北京:中国地图出版社,21.
董树文,施炜,石菊松,张岳桥,龙长兴,吴珍汉,安美建,张永双,杨农,陈正乐,雷伟志.2008.四川汶川Ms8.0地震地表破裂构造初步调查与发震背景分析[J].地球学报,29(3):392-396.
顾国华,张晶,王武星.2003.关于2001年昆仑山8.1级大地震前后中国大陆地壳水平运动的讨论[J].地震学报,25(6):654-660.
江在森,张希,崔笃信,胡亚轩,陈文胜,王双绪,陈兵.2001青藏块体东北缘近期水平运动与变形[J].地球物理学报44(5):636-644.
王双绪,张希,张晓亮,王继英.2004.8.1级震后青藏块体东北部水平形变态势与地震有序活动研究[J].高原地震,16(1):1-8.
王双绪,张希,张四新,张晓亮,薛富平.2005.青藏高原东北缘现今构造变动与地震活动特征[J].地球学报,26(3):210-216.
杨国华,江在森,张风霜,刘峡,韩月萍.2007.昆仑山8.1级地震对青藏高原东北缘地壳水平运动影响的讨论[J].国际地震动态,343(7):53-60.
张希,王双绪,崔笃信,张晓亮,薛富平,陈兵.2004.民乐—山丹地震的区域构造变形背景与中短期前兆[J].中国地震,20(3):238-246.
张希,江在森,王琪,王双绪,崔笃信,张晓亮.2005a.青藏块体东北缘弹性块体边界负位错反演与强震地点预测[J].地震学报,27(6):620-629.
张希,张四新,王双绪,江在森.2005b.北祁连—河西地区强震地点预测[J].大地测量与地球动力学,25(1):40-46.
张希,刘文义,王双绪,王文萍,张晓亮,崔笃信,薛富平.2006.西北地区近期地壳水平运动与构造变形特征[J].中国地震,22(1):43-55.
张晓亮,江在森,张希,赵永年,朱桂枝.2007.昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震同震形变场的模拟分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,27(2):16-21.
CUI Du-xin,WANG Qing-liang,WANG Wen-ping.2008.Effect of Kunlun ms8.1earthquake on crustal deformation in the north-eastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].J.of Geodesy and Geodynamics,28(3):1-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
DING Guo-yu,LU Yan-shou.1989.Modern movement of in-ter-plate blocks[A]:Ma Xing-huan,Figure Set of China litho-sphere Dynamics[C].Beijing:Chinese Map Press,21(in Chi-nese).
DONG Shu-wen,SHI Wei,SHI Ju-song,ZHANG Yue-qiao,LONG Chang-xing,WU Zhen-han,AN Mei-jian,ZHANG Yong-shuang,YANG Nong,CHEN Zheng-le,LEI Wei-zhi.2008.Surface rupture investigation of the Wenchuan Ms8.0Earthquake of May12th,2008,west Sichuan,and analysis of its occurrence setting[J].Acta Geoscientica Ainica,29(3):392-396(in Chinese with English abstract).
GU Guo-hua,ZHANG Jing,WANG Wu-xing.2003.Horizontal movement in Chinese mainland before and after the great Kunlun mountain Ms=8.1earthquake in2001[J].Acta Seis-mologica Sinica,25(6):654-660(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
JIANG Zai-sen,ZHANG Xi,CUI Du-xin,HU Ya-xuan,CHEN Wen-sheng,WANG Shuang-xu,CHEN Bing.2001.Recent horizontal movement and deformation in the northeast margin of Qinghai-Tibet block[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,44(5):636-644(in Chinese with English abstract).
MATSU’URA M,JACKSON D D,CHENG A.1986.Dislocation model for aseismic crustal deformation at Hollister,Califor-nia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,91(B12):12661-12674.
OKADA Y.1985.Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half-space[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,75(4):1135-1154.
WANG Shuang-xu,ZHANG Xi,ZHANG Xiao-liang,WANG Ji-ying.2004.Study on horizontal deformation and orderly seismic activities in the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang block after8.1earthquake[J].Earthquake Research in Plateau,16(1):1-8(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Shuang-xu,ZHANG Xi,ZHANG Si-xin,ZHANG Xiao-liang,XUE Fu-ping.2005.Characteristics of recent tec-tonic deformation and seismic activity in the northeastern margin of Tibet plateau[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,26(3):209-216(in Chinese with English abstract).
YANG Guo-hua,JIANG Zai-sen,ZHANG Feng-shuang,LIU Xia,HAN Yue-ping.2007.The effect of Kunlun Ms8.1earthquake to horizontal crustal deformation on the northeastern edge of Qinghai-Tibet block[J].Recent Developments in World Seis-mology,343(7):53-60(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Xi,WANG Shuang-xu,CUI Du-xin,ZHANG Xiao-liang,XUE Fu-ping,Chen Bing.2004.Regional tectonic deforma-tion background and mediumand short-term precursors to the Minle-Shandan earthquake[J].Earthquake Research in China,20(3):238-246(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Xi,JIANG Zai-sen,WANG Qi,WANG Shuang-xu,CUI Du-xin,ZHANG Xiao-liang.2005a.Inversion for negative dislocation on elastic block boundaries along the northeast margin of Qinghai-Xizang block and prediction for strong earthquake location[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,27(6):620-629.
ZHANG Xi,ZHANG Si-xin,WANG Shuang-xu,JIANG Zai-sen.2005b.Prediction of place of strong earthquake in northern Qilian-Hexi area[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,25(1):40-46(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Xi,LIU Wen-yi,WANG Shuang-xu,WANG Wen-ping,ZHANG Xiao-liang,CUI Du-xin,XUE Fu-ping.2006.Char-acteristics of recent horizontal crustal movement and tectonic deformation features in the northwest China region[J].Earth-quake Research in China,20(3):271-285.
ZHANG Xiao-liang,JIANG Zai-sen,ZHANG Xi,ZHAO Yong-nian,ZHU Gui-zhi.2007.Simulation and analysis of coseismic deformation field of Ms8.1earthquake in west to Kunlun Mountain pass[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geody-namics,27(2):16-21(in Chinese with English abstract).
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