三维Q值层析成像人机交互软件及其在地震数据处理中的应用
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摘要
Q值结构对了解地壳的非弹性性质、地壳内部构造、热活动状态、地壳介质非均匀性以及断层分布有着重要的意义.编写了基于吸收特征时间t*的三维Q值层析成像人机交互软件,可以方便快捷地计算地震体波(P波和S波)的振幅谱并通过拟合振幅谱得到反映地震波衰减的吸收特征时间t*,并利用t*资料通过三维Q值层析成像方法得到三维Q值结构.实际观测资料处理结果表明,文中给出的方法和软件是有效且可行的.
Q-value structure of the crust is of great significance for understanding of non-elastic nature of crustal structure,thermal activity,crustal inhomogeneity,and fault distribution.We present an interactive software for three-dimensional Q tomography based on absorption characteristic time t*.Amplitude spectra of seismic data(P-wave and S-wave) can then be calculated quickly and easily,absorption characteristic times can be obtained through fitting amplitude spectra,and three-dimensional Q structure can be obtained by using the Q tomography method and t* data.The real example shows that the method and software are effective and feasible.
Q-value structure of the crust is of great significance for understanding of non-elastic nature of crustal structure,thermal activity,crustal inhomogeneity,and fault distribution.We present an interactive software for three-dimensional Q tomography based on absorption characteristic time t*.Amplitude spectra of seismic data(P-wave and S-wave) can then be calculated quickly and easily,absorption characteristic times can be obtained through fitting amplitude spectra,and three-dimensional Q structure can be obtained by using the Q tomography method and t* data.The real example shows that the method and software are effective and feasible.
引文
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[2]Hong X H,Zhu J S,Chao J M,et al.Tomography of the 3-D S-wave quality factor of the crust and upper-mantle in China[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,2003,46(5):642-651(in Chinese).洪学海,朱介寿,曹家敏,等.中国大陆地壳上地幔S波品质因子三维层析成像[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(5):642-651.
[3]Zhou L Q,Zhao C P,Xiu J G,et al.Methods and developments of research on crustal Q value by using earthquakes[J].RecentDevelopments in World Seismology,2008,350(2):1-11(in Chinese).周连庆,赵翠萍,修济刚,等.利用天然地震研究地壳Q值的方法和进展[J].国际地震动态,2008,350(2):1-11.
[4]Ma Z J,Liu Y.A summary of research on seismic attenuation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):1074-1082(in Chinese).马昭军,刘洋.地震波衰减反演研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1074-1082.
[5]Xu Y,Su Y J,Qin J Z.Development of Q-value studies[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2004,27(4):385-389(in Chinese).徐彦,苏有锦,秦嘉政.Q值研究动态[J].地震研究,2004,27(4):385-389.
[6]Youli Quan,Jerry M H.Seismic attenuation tomography using the frequency method[J].Geophysics,1997,62(3):895-905.
[7]Guo L C,Wen Z G,Yang H.Inversion of surface-wave Q-value using ART method[J].CT Theory and Applications,1996,5(4):9-15(inChinese).郭履灿,闻则刚,杨辉.用代数重建法反演面波品质因数Q值空间分布[J].CT理论与应用研究,1996,5(4):9-15.
[8]Wang H,Chang X,Liu Y K,et al.Seismic neighboring traces attenuation tomography in time domain[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2001,44(3):396-403(in Chinese).王辉,常旭,刘伊克,等.时间域相邻道地震波衰减成像研究[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(3):396-403.
[9]Wang S Y,Pei S P,Thomas M H.Crustal S-wave Q estimated from ML amplitudeⅡ:Q lateral variation in China[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,2008,51(1):133-139(in Chinese).汪素云,裴顺平,Thomas M H.利用ML振幅研究地壳横波Q值Ⅱ:Q横向变化特征[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(1):133-139.
[10]He J D,Liang G H.Q-value inversion using nonlinear parameter curve fitting method[J].Global Geology,1990,9(2):4-10(in Chinese).何樵登,粱光河.用非线性参数曲线拟合法反演Q值[J].世界地质,1990,9(2):4-10.
[11]Liang G H,Liu Q L,He J D.Q-value inversion using nonlinear parameter curve fitting method[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1992,27(2):230-274(in Chinese).梁光河,刘清林,何樵登.用非线性参数拟合法反演Q值[J].石油地球物理勘探,1992,27(2):230-274.
[12]Jonathan M L,Grant T L.Three-dimensional attenuation tomography at Lomo Prieta-Inversion of t*for Q[J].J Geophys Res,1994,99(134):6843-6863.
[13]Fan J C,Li S L,Lai X L,et al.Three dimensional Q structure in Jiashi earthquake region of Xinjiang region[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,2001,23(6):570-581(in Chinese).樊计昌,李松林,赖晓林,等.新疆伽师地震区三维Q值结构[J].地震学报,2001,23(6):570-581.
[14]Zhao J M,Fan J C,Li Z C.Q value structure of geoscience transect from Korla to Jimsar and its geodynamic implication[J].Science inChina(Ser D),2003,33(3):202-209(in Chinese).赵俊猛,樊计昌,李植纯.库尔勒-吉木萨尔剖面Q值结构及其动力学意义[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(3):202-209.
[15]Li Z N,Zhou Z R,Lin S,et al.Joint inversion of Q-value,site response and focus parameters in Fujian area[J].Seismology and Geology,2005,27(3):437-445(in Chinese).李祖宁,周峥嵘,林树,等.利用数字地震台网资料联合反演福建地区Q值、场地响应和震源参数[J].地震地质,2005,27(3):437-445.
[16]Knopoff L.Q[J].Rev of Geophys,1964,2(4):625-660.
[17]Pock G,Clements J R.Attenuation of short-period P,PcP,ScP,and pP waves in the earth’s mantle[J].J G R,1982,87:3905-3918.
[18]Zohun A D,Alison C L.Methodologies for estimating t(f)from short—period bady waves and regional variations of t*in the United States[J].Geophys J Rastr Soc,1985,82:125-140.
[19]Aki K,Richards P G.Quantitative seismology[M].San Francisco:W H Freeman and Co,1980:168-169.
[20]Brune J N.Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes[J].J Geophys Res,1970,75:4997-5009.
[21]Hanks T C,Thatcher W.A graphical representation of seismic source parameters[J].J Geophys Res,1972,77,4393-4405.
[22]郑治真.波谱分析基础[M].北京:地震出版社,1979:244-249.
[23]Fan J C,Liu M J,Zhao C B,et al.Three-dimensional Q value tomography for xiuyan meteorite impact crater[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,2010,53(10):2367-2375(in Chinese).樊计昌,刘明军,赵成彬,等.岫岩陨石坑三维Q值层析成像[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(10):2367-2375.
[2]Hong X H,Zhu J S,Chao J M,et al.Tomography of the 3-D S-wave quality factor of the crust and upper-mantle in China[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,2003,46(5):642-651(in Chinese).洪学海,朱介寿,曹家敏,等.中国大陆地壳上地幔S波品质因子三维层析成像[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(5):642-651.
[3]Zhou L Q,Zhao C P,Xiu J G,et al.Methods and developments of research on crustal Q value by using earthquakes[J].RecentDevelopments in World Seismology,2008,350(2):1-11(in Chinese).周连庆,赵翠萍,修济刚,等.利用天然地震研究地壳Q值的方法和进展[J].国际地震动态,2008,350(2):1-11.
[4]Ma Z J,Liu Y.A summary of research on seismic attenuation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):1074-1082(in Chinese).马昭军,刘洋.地震波衰减反演研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1074-1082.
[5]Xu Y,Su Y J,Qin J Z.Development of Q-value studies[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2004,27(4):385-389(in Chinese).徐彦,苏有锦,秦嘉政.Q值研究动态[J].地震研究,2004,27(4):385-389.
[6]Youli Quan,Jerry M H.Seismic attenuation tomography using the frequency method[J].Geophysics,1997,62(3):895-905.
[7]Guo L C,Wen Z G,Yang H.Inversion of surface-wave Q-value using ART method[J].CT Theory and Applications,1996,5(4):9-15(inChinese).郭履灿,闻则刚,杨辉.用代数重建法反演面波品质因数Q值空间分布[J].CT理论与应用研究,1996,5(4):9-15.
[8]Wang H,Chang X,Liu Y K,et al.Seismic neighboring traces attenuation tomography in time domain[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2001,44(3):396-403(in Chinese).王辉,常旭,刘伊克,等.时间域相邻道地震波衰减成像研究[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(3):396-403.
[9]Wang S Y,Pei S P,Thomas M H.Crustal S-wave Q estimated from ML amplitudeⅡ:Q lateral variation in China[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,2008,51(1):133-139(in Chinese).汪素云,裴顺平,Thomas M H.利用ML振幅研究地壳横波Q值Ⅱ:Q横向变化特征[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(1):133-139.
[10]He J D,Liang G H.Q-value inversion using nonlinear parameter curve fitting method[J].Global Geology,1990,9(2):4-10(in Chinese).何樵登,粱光河.用非线性参数曲线拟合法反演Q值[J].世界地质,1990,9(2):4-10.
[11]Liang G H,Liu Q L,He J D.Q-value inversion using nonlinear parameter curve fitting method[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1992,27(2):230-274(in Chinese).梁光河,刘清林,何樵登.用非线性参数拟合法反演Q值[J].石油地球物理勘探,1992,27(2):230-274.
[12]Jonathan M L,Grant T L.Three-dimensional attenuation tomography at Lomo Prieta-Inversion of t*for Q[J].J Geophys Res,1994,99(134):6843-6863.
[13]Fan J C,Li S L,Lai X L,et al.Three dimensional Q structure in Jiashi earthquake region of Xinjiang region[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,2001,23(6):570-581(in Chinese).樊计昌,李松林,赖晓林,等.新疆伽师地震区三维Q值结构[J].地震学报,2001,23(6):570-581.
[14]Zhao J M,Fan J C,Li Z C.Q value structure of geoscience transect from Korla to Jimsar and its geodynamic implication[J].Science inChina(Ser D),2003,33(3):202-209(in Chinese).赵俊猛,樊计昌,李植纯.库尔勒-吉木萨尔剖面Q值结构及其动力学意义[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(3):202-209.
[15]Li Z N,Zhou Z R,Lin S,et al.Joint inversion of Q-value,site response and focus parameters in Fujian area[J].Seismology and Geology,2005,27(3):437-445(in Chinese).李祖宁,周峥嵘,林树,等.利用数字地震台网资料联合反演福建地区Q值、场地响应和震源参数[J].地震地质,2005,27(3):437-445.
[16]Knopoff L.Q[J].Rev of Geophys,1964,2(4):625-660.
[17]Pock G,Clements J R.Attenuation of short-period P,PcP,ScP,and pP waves in the earth’s mantle[J].J G R,1982,87:3905-3918.
[18]Zohun A D,Alison C L.Methodologies for estimating t(f)from short—period bady waves and regional variations of t*in the United States[J].Geophys J Rastr Soc,1985,82:125-140.
[19]Aki K,Richards P G.Quantitative seismology[M].San Francisco:W H Freeman and Co,1980:168-169.
[20]Brune J N.Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes[J].J Geophys Res,1970,75:4997-5009.
[21]Hanks T C,Thatcher W.A graphical representation of seismic source parameters[J].J Geophys Res,1972,77,4393-4405.
[22]郑治真.波谱分析基础[M].北京:地震出版社,1979:244-249.
[23]Fan J C,Liu M J,Zhao C B,et al.Three-dimensional Q value tomography for xiuyan meteorite impact crater[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,2010,53(10):2367-2375(in Chinese).樊计昌,刘明军,赵成彬,等.岫岩陨石坑三维Q值层析成像[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(10):2367-2375.
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