营养包对汶川地震后四川省理县6～23月龄婴幼儿干预效果研究
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摘要
目的评价营养包对四川理县6～23月龄婴幼儿的营养改善效果。方法在理县为全县所有6～23月龄婴幼儿,每天补充一包富含蛋白质、维生素、微量元素的营养包,干预15个月,在项目开始前和结束后共抽取有代表性的510名6～29月龄婴幼儿测定身长、体重和血红蛋白水平,分析干预前后不同月龄(分为6～11、12～17、18～23、24～29月龄)的年龄别体重(WAZ)、年龄别身长(HAZ)、低体重率、生长迟缓率、血红蛋白值及贫血患病率的差异。结果营养包干预15个月后,理县6～11、18～23月龄HAZ分别较基线增加0.51和0.44,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。18～23月龄婴幼儿的生长迟缓率与基线差异有显著性(χ2=6.897,P<0.05)。4个年龄段的婴幼儿平均血红蛋白浓度分别增加12.7、11.4、16.7和15.7g/L,每个年龄段的贫血率与基线差异均有统计学意义(χ2分别为15.863、24.302、37.365、25.990,P<0.001)。结论通过给6～23月龄婴幼儿补充优质蛋白、维生素和微量元素的豆粉包15个月后,可以显著降低婴幼儿的生长迟缓率和贫血患病率。
Objective This project aimed to investigate the nutrition status of infants and young children aged 6-23 months before and after the Yingyangbao intervention in Lixian county in Sichuan province.Methods The infants and young children aged 6-23 months in Lixian county were fed one sachet Yingyangbao which contains protein,vitamins and micronutrients per day for 15 months.The length,body weight and hemoglobin were measured for 510 infants and young children featured representative characteristics in Lixian County before and after Yingyangbao intervention.The statistical analysis was conducted to analyze the WAZ,HAZ,the low weight rate,the stunting rate,the anemia rate and the hemoglobin concentration of the infants and young children aged 6-11 months,12-17 months,18-23 months and 24-29 months,respectively.Results The results of the statistical analysis showed that the HAZ scores of the infants and young children aged 6-11 and 18-23 months increased 0.51 and 0.44 compared to the baseline,respectively.They were significantly higher than those of the baseline(P < 0.05).The stunting rate of young children aged 18-23 months was significantly lower than the baseline(P < 0.05).The concentration of the hemoglobin in each group among the 4 groups increased 12.7,11.4,16.7 and 15.7 g /L compared to the baseline,respectively.The total anemia prevalence among infants and young childre in each age group was significantly lower than the baseline(χ2 = 15.863,24.302,37.365,25.990,respectively,P <0.001).Conclusion It was concluded that Yingyangbao which contains quality protein,vitamins andmicronutrients intervened 15 months could be effective for the growth and improvement of anemia of infants and young children aged 6-23 months.
Objective This project aimed to investigate the nutrition status of infants and young children aged 6-23 months before and after the Yingyangbao intervention in Lixian county in Sichuan province.Methods The infants and young children aged 6-23 months in Lixian county were fed one sachet Yingyangbao which contains protein,vitamins and micronutrients per day for 15 months.The length,body weight and hemoglobin were measured for 510 infants and young children featured representative characteristics in Lixian County before and after Yingyangbao intervention.The statistical analysis was conducted to analyze the WAZ,HAZ,the low weight rate,the stunting rate,the anemia rate and the hemoglobin concentration of the infants and young children aged 6-11 months,12-17 months,18-23 months and 24-29 months,respectively.Results The results of the statistical analysis showed that the HAZ scores of the infants and young children aged 6-11 and 18-23 months increased 0.51 and 0.44 compared to the baseline,respectively.They were significantly higher than those of the baseline(P < 0.05).The stunting rate of young children aged 18-23 months was significantly lower than the baseline(P < 0.05).The concentration of the hemoglobin in each group among the 4 groups increased 12.7,11.4,16.7 and 15.7 g /L compared to the baseline,respectively.The total anemia prevalence among infants and young childre in each age group was significantly lower than the baseline(χ2 = 15.863,24.302,37.365,25.990,respectively,P <0.001).Conclusion It was concluded that Yingyangbao which contains quality protein,vitamins andmicronutrients intervened 15 months could be effective for the growth and improvement of anemia of infants and young children aged 6-23 months.
引文
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14 UNICEF/UNUY WHO/MI.Prevention iron deficiency in women andchildren[M].New York:UNICEF/UNUY WHO/MI,1998:1-52.
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16 OELOFSE A,VAN RAAIJ J M,BENADE A J,et al.The effect of amicronutrient-fortified complementary food on micronutrient status,growth and development of 6-to 12-month-old disadvantaged urbanSouth African infants[J].Int J Food Sci Nutr,2003,54(5):399-407.
17 MARTINI E,FOOTE D,PEE S,et al.Efficacy of Sprinkles homefortification to reduce anemia and micronutrient deficiencies in youngchildren in Indonesia[R].Peru:ILSI Research Foundation.2004.
18王玉英,陈春明,贾梅,等.辅助食品补充物对婴幼儿贫血的影响[J].卫生研究,2004,33:334-336.
19王玉英,陈春明,王福珍,等.营养强化辅助食品补充物对甘肃贫困农村婴幼儿体格生长的影响[J].卫生研究,2007,36:78-81.
2 DE PEE S,MOENCH-PFANNER R,MARTINI E,et al.Homefortification in emergency response and transition programming:experiences in Aceh and Nias,Indonesia[J].Food Nutr Bull,2007,28(2):189-197.
3 NESTEL P,BRIEND A,DE BENOIST B,et al.Complementaryfood supplements to achieve micronutrient adequacy for infants andyoung children[J].J Pediatr Gastroenter Nutr,2003,36:316-328.
4 ADU-AFARWUAH S,LARTEY A,BROWN K H,et al.Randomized comparison of 3 types of micronutrient supplements forhome fortification of complementary foods in Ghana:effects on growthand motor development[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2007,86(2):412-420.
5 SCHAUER C,ZLOTKIN S.Home fortification with micronutrientsprinkles-a new approach for the prevention and treatment ofnutritional anemias[J].Pediatr Chil Health,2003,8:87-90.
6王丽娟,霍军生,孙静,等.汶川大地震后3个月四川省北川和理县6-23月龄婴幼儿的营养状况[J].中华预防医学杂志,2010,44(8):696-700.
7王陇德.中国居民营养与健康状况调查报告之一:2002综合报告[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2005.
8 WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group.WHO child growthstandards:length/height-for-age,weight-for-age,weight-for-length,weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age:methods anddevelopment[M].Geneva:WHO,2006.
9 WHO.Assessing the iron status of populations[M].Geneva:WHO,2004.
10 DIJKHUIZEN M A,WIERINGA F T,WEST C E,et al.Effects ofiron and zinc supplementation in Indonesian infants on micronutrientstatus and growth[J].J Nutr,2001,131:2860-2865.
11 MENDEZ M A,ADAIR L S.Severity and timing of stunting in thefirst two years of life affect performance on cognitive tests in latechildhood[J].Nutr,1999,129:1555-1562.
12 GRANTHAM-MCGREGOR S,ANI C.A review of studies on theeffect of iron deficiency on cognitive development in children[J].JNutr,2001,131(Suppl 2):649S-666S.
13 RIVERA J A,GONZALEZ-COSSIO T,FLORES M,et al.Multiplemicronutrient supplementation increases the growth of Mexican Infants[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2001,74:657-663.
14 UNICEF/UNUY WHO/MI.Prevention iron deficiency in women andchildren[M].New York:UNICEF/UNUY WHO/MI,1998:1-52.
15 RIM H,KIM S,SIM B,et al.Effect of iron fortification of nurserycomplementary food on iron status of infants in the DPRKorea[J].Asia Pac J Clin Nutr,2008,17(2):264-269.
16 OELOFSE A,VAN RAAIJ J M,BENADE A J,et al.The effect of amicronutrient-fortified complementary food on micronutrient status,growth and development of 6-to 12-month-old disadvantaged urbanSouth African infants[J].Int J Food Sci Nutr,2003,54(5):399-407.
17 MARTINI E,FOOTE D,PEE S,et al.Efficacy of Sprinkles homefortification to reduce anemia and micronutrient deficiencies in youngchildren in Indonesia[R].Peru:ILSI Research Foundation.2004.
18王玉英,陈春明,贾梅,等.辅助食品补充物对婴幼儿贫血的影响[J].卫生研究,2004,33:334-336.
19王玉英,陈春明,王福珍,等.营养强化辅助食品补充物对甘肃贫困农村婴幼儿体格生长的影响[J].卫生研究,2007,36:78-81.
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