浅谈地震灾区卫生防疫工作应急控制措施
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摘要
汶川地区是国家鼠疫监测点,而钩体病和乙脑是当地往年的多发病。5.12汶川地震不仅造成重大人员伤亡,而且破坏生活环境及正常的生活秩序。废墟、垃圾、污水遍地,人和动物尸体得不到正常埋葬。在多雨的夏季,传染病威胁着人民的健康。为实现"大灾后无大疫"的目的,应建立灾后应急疾病应急报告监督与监测系统;加强食品、饮用水卫生的监督监测;进行地区疫情的综合评估,适时启动疫苗应急接种;尽早开展消、杀、灭;大力开展健康教育。
Powerful earthquake in the Wenchuan area, one of the national plaque monitoring points and where leptospirosis and encephalitis B had been frequently encountered before, not only caused heavy casualties, but also destroyed the living environment and normal living order. Ruins, garbage, and foul water were everywhere. Corpses of humans and animals had not been buried normally. In the rainy time of summer, epidemic diseases threatened the health of the people. In order to attain the goal "No epidemics after the disaster" an emergent monitoring and supervision system of report of diseases should be established, monitoring and supervision of food and water should be strengthened, emergency inoculation is to be conducted, sterilization, pest killing, toilet building, and appropriate garbage disposal are to be practiced, psychological intervention should be carried out, and health education is very important.
Powerful earthquake in the Wenchuan area, one of the national plaque monitoring points and where leptospirosis and encephalitis B had been frequently encountered before, not only caused heavy casualties, but also destroyed the living environment and normal living order. Ruins, garbage, and foul water were everywhere. Corpses of humans and animals had not been buried normally. In the rainy time of summer, epidemic diseases threatened the health of the people. In order to attain the goal "No epidemics after the disaster" an emergent monitoring and supervision system of report of diseases should be established, monitoring and supervision of food and water should be strengthened, emergency inoculation is to be conducted, sterilization, pest killing, toilet building, and appropriate garbage disposal are to be practiced, psychological intervention should be carried out, and health education is very important.
引文
[1]CDC.Emerging infectious diseases coccidoiomycosis following the Northridge earthquake—California,1994.MMWR,1994,43(10):194-195.
[2]李宗浩,主编.现代救援医学.北京:中国科技技术出版社,1999.1.
[3]卫生部.《抗震救灾卫生防疫工作方案》(全文).2008-05-15.
[4]高星.“5.12”四川汶川特大地震灾害绵阳医疗卫生救援应急机制.中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2008,3(6):329.
[5]曹力,侯世科,刘庆,等.保证医学救援队职业安全的重要性和基本内容.中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2008,3(2):104-105.
[6]李宗浩.关爱生命,科学救援—5.12四川汶川大地震我们在行动.中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2008,3(6):321-322.
[2]李宗浩,主编.现代救援医学.北京:中国科技技术出版社,1999.1.
[3]卫生部.《抗震救灾卫生防疫工作方案》(全文).2008-05-15.
[4]高星.“5.12”四川汶川特大地震灾害绵阳医疗卫生救援应急机制.中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2008,3(6):329.
[5]曹力,侯世科,刘庆,等.保证医学救援队职业安全的重要性和基本内容.中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2008,3(2):104-105.
[6]李宗浩.关爱生命,科学救援—5.12四川汶川大地震我们在行动.中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2008,3(6):321-322.
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