绵阳市地震灾区狂犬病流行状况及防控对策
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摘要
目的了解绵阳市地震灾区狂犬病流行状况、特征及犬伤后处理措施,为狂犬病的防治提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对绵阳市2007-2008年报告的狂犬病进行分析。结果2007-2008年绵阳市共发生15例狂犬病,其中2007年发生8例,发病率为0.155/10万,2008年发生7例,发病率为0.13/10万。2年共死亡15例,死亡率100%。狂犬病平均潜伏期为180.92天,发病到死亡平均时间3.23天。15例病人中,有5例未对伤口进行任何处理,8例到医院或自行处理伤口。仅有2例在犬只伤人后接种了人用狂犬病疫苗,无1例接种抗血清。结论绵阳市地震灾区狂犬病防治形势严峻,当地群众预防狂犬病意识薄弱,今后应加强狂犬病防治知识的宣传。
To understand the epidemiological situation of rabies and the measures after dog biting for the sake of providing scientific basis to control the spreading of rabies,the case reports on the prevalence of rabies in Mianyang district from 2007 to 2008 were analyzed by descriptive method of epidemiology.It was found that 15 cases with hydrophobia were reported in Mianyang district in these two years,in which 8 cases were reported in 2007 and 7 cased reported in 2008,with the disease incidences of disease incidence of 0.155 and 0.13 per 100 thousand of population respectively.The fatality appeared to be 100%.The average incubation period and the average time from onset of disease to death were 180.92 days and 3.23 days respectively.In these 15 cases,no treatment of wounds was undertaken in 5 cases and 8 cases went to hospital for treatment or treated wounds themselves.There were only 2 cases receiving inoculation of the anti-rabies vaccine for human use,no case had received injection of the anti-rabies serum.From these reports,it is clear that the preventive situation in the earthquake area of Mian Yang district is quite stern including the weak awareness on the prevention of rabies in the local population.Thus,it is necessary to strength the propaganda concerning the prevention and control of rabies from now on.
To understand the epidemiological situation of rabies and the measures after dog biting for the sake of providing scientific basis to control the spreading of rabies,the case reports on the prevalence of rabies in Mianyang district from 2007 to 2008 were analyzed by descriptive method of epidemiology.It was found that 15 cases with hydrophobia were reported in Mianyang district in these two years,in which 8 cases were reported in 2007 and 7 cased reported in 2008,with the disease incidences of disease incidence of 0.155 and 0.13 per 100 thousand of population respectively.The fatality appeared to be 100%.The average incubation period and the average time from onset of disease to death were 180.92 days and 3.23 days respectively.In these 15 cases,no treatment of wounds was undertaken in 5 cases and 8 cases went to hospital for treatment or treated wounds themselves.There were only 2 cases receiving inoculation of the anti-rabies vaccine for human use,no case had received injection of the anti-rabies serum.From these reports,it is clear that the preventive situation in the earthquake area of Mian Yang district is quite stern including the weak awareness on the prevention of rabies in the local population.Thus,it is necessary to strength the propaganda concerning the prevention and control of rabies from now on.
引文
[1]唐青,李浩.中国狂犬病流行近况及相关因素分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2005,(3):75-76.
[2]张永振.中国狂犬病的流病学[J].中国计划免疫,2005,11(2):140-143.
[2]张永振.中国狂犬病的流病学[J].中国计划免疫,2005,11(2):140-143.
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