地震灾害后的健康教育方式和效果初探
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摘要
目的:灾后防大疫,健康教育是关键,本研究旨在了解汶川县映秀镇地震灾害发生后,开展健康教育的主要目的、方式和效果,为自然灾害后开展健康教育提供参考。方法:通过查阅资料与问卷调查,了解汶川县映秀镇震后开展健康教育的情况、效果以及存在的问题,其中效果主要通过地震前后传染病和食品卫生状况对比以及卫生知识知晓和卫生行为形成情况改变来反映。结果:震后映秀镇传染病和食品卫生状况与震前相比并没有恶化;而卫生知识知晓率与卫生行为形成率与震前相比都有较大增长。结论:灾后健康教育的主要目的是防止食源性疾病、传染病爆发等公共卫生事件;主要方式是利用镇、村两级网络,初期以面对面宣传为主要方式,条件许可后利用各种更生动的形式,灾后健康教育对促进群众卫生行为形成的实际效果十分明显,对灾后防大疫起到了重要作用。
Objective:Health education was the key action of disease prevention after catastrophe. This study was to find out the main purpose,methods and results of health education after the earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County,Yingxiu town of Sichuan. And provide reference for health education of disease control and prevention after natural disasters. Methods:Access to information and questionnaire survey,to find out the effect and problems of health education after the earthquake of Wenchuan County,Yingxiu town of Sichuan.The effect mainly inflected by the situation of infectious diseases and food hygiene knowledge before and after the earthquake,as well as health knowledge and health behavior formation change. Results:The situation of infectious diseases and food hygiene knowledge didn't deteriorate after the earthquake in Yingxiu town,while there was a larger growth of the health knowledge and health behavior formation after the earthquake. Conclusion:The main purpose of post-disaster health education is to prevent food-borne diseases,infectious disease outbreaks and other public health events. The main ways is to use the town-village networks,to propagate faceto-face at the early stage,and use more active forms when condition permits. Health education act to promote the formation of health behavior,which plays an important role in post-disaster disease prevention.
Objective:Health education was the key action of disease prevention after catastrophe. This study was to find out the main purpose,methods and results of health education after the earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County,Yingxiu town of Sichuan. And provide reference for health education of disease control and prevention after natural disasters. Methods:Access to information and questionnaire survey,to find out the effect and problems of health education after the earthquake of Wenchuan County,Yingxiu town of Sichuan.The effect mainly inflected by the situation of infectious diseases and food hygiene knowledge before and after the earthquake,as well as health knowledge and health behavior formation change. Results:The situation of infectious diseases and food hygiene knowledge didn't deteriorate after the earthquake in Yingxiu town,while there was a larger growth of the health knowledge and health behavior formation after the earthquake. Conclusion:The main purpose of post-disaster health education is to prevent food-borne diseases,infectious disease outbreaks and other public health events. The main ways is to use the town-village networks,to propagate faceto-face at the early stage,and use more active forms when condition permits. Health education act to promote the formation of health behavior,which plays an important role in post-disaster disease prevention.
引文
[1]朱诗应,阮芳铭,常文军,等.地震前后汶川映秀镇居民卫生防疫意识调查[J].第二军医大学学报,2008,29:729-733.
[2]王晋生,杨峰,潘峰,等.四川省平武县地震灾区居民健康教育效果分析[J].中国健康教育,2008,24(11):884-885.
[3]刘丽,董建英.地震灾害医疗救援中健康教育的实施[J].中华现代护理杂志,2008,14(29):3079-3080.
[4]Linscott AJ.Natural disaster-a microbe's paradise[J].Clin Microb News,2007,29:57-62.
[5]朱仲江,李荣年,吴金灿,等.1998年九江市洪灾后防疫效果分析[J].九江医学,2002,17(1):56-57.
[6]曹广文.灾后防疫非朝夕之功,科学防疫是重中之重[J].第二军医大学学报,2008,29(7):720-724.
[7]尹红.地震灾后防疫工作中应注意的几个问题[J].人民军医,2008,51(7):413.
[2]王晋生,杨峰,潘峰,等.四川省平武县地震灾区居民健康教育效果分析[J].中国健康教育,2008,24(11):884-885.
[3]刘丽,董建英.地震灾害医疗救援中健康教育的实施[J].中华现代护理杂志,2008,14(29):3079-3080.
[4]Linscott AJ.Natural disaster-a microbe's paradise[J].Clin Microb News,2007,29:57-62.
[5]朱仲江,李荣年,吴金灿,等.1998年九江市洪灾后防疫效果分析[J].九江医学,2002,17(1):56-57.
[6]曹广文.灾后防疫非朝夕之功,科学防疫是重中之重[J].第二军医大学学报,2008,29(7):720-724.
[7]尹红.地震灾后防疫工作中应注意的几个问题[J].人民军医,2008,51(7):413.
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