“5.12汶川大地震”医疗救治中医院感染预防与控制
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摘要
目的针对特大地震后灾区医院救治伤员特点以及救治环境条件的改变,探索灾区医院感染管理及疫情预防控制的应急工作模式,降低次生伤害。方法组建"帐篷病区",设计"帐篷病区"感染管理卫生流程和方案,规范伤员管理并加强疫情防控。结果2008年5月12—26日,共收治地震伤员1 417例,紧急在帐篷手术室、清创室开展震灾伤员手术和非震灾患者急诊手术989台次,其中剖宫产、宫外孕等手术均为甲级愈合;开展污染手术950余台,1例气性坏疽特殊感染者得到有效控制,无医院感染流行及局部暴发,伤员间无一例交叉感染。结论在特大地震灾害"帐篷病区"的特殊医疗环境下,医院感染管理及时有效的介入,对预防控制疫情,降低感染发生率,提高伤员救治水平具有十分重要的意义。
Objective To explore the emergency work mode of nosocomial infection management and epidemic disease prevention and control,and lower secondary disasters in earthquake-hit areas after major earthquake according to the characteristics of medical treatment for the wounded and change in environmental conditions.Methods "Tent wards" were set up,hygienic process and plan for the management of infection in "tent wards" was designed,the management of the wounded was regulated and prevention and control management for the epidemic diseases was strengthened.Results From May 12th to May 26th 2008,1 417 wounded persons were admitted in "tent wards",989 cases of emergent operations were performed in earthquake-hit and non-earthquake-hit patients in the tent operating rooms and debridements,the grade A healing were found in all cesarean sections and extrauterine pregnancy operations;950 cases of contaminated surgical wound operations were performed,1 case of gas gangrene infection was controlled effectively,no nosocomial infection outbreak occurred,no cross infection occurred among the wounded.Conclusion In the special medical circumstance of "tent wards" after major earthquake disaster,timely and effective management intervention in nosocomial infection is of great significance for preventing and controlling epidemic diseases and reducing infection rates,as well as for improving the medical therapeutic level of the wounded.
Objective To explore the emergency work mode of nosocomial infection management and epidemic disease prevention and control,and lower secondary disasters in earthquake-hit areas after major earthquake according to the characteristics of medical treatment for the wounded and change in environmental conditions.Methods "Tent wards" were set up,hygienic process and plan for the management of infection in "tent wards" was designed,the management of the wounded was regulated and prevention and control management for the epidemic diseases was strengthened.Results From May 12th to May 26th 2008,1 417 wounded persons were admitted in "tent wards",989 cases of emergent operations were performed in earthquake-hit and non-earthquake-hit patients in the tent operating rooms and debridements,the grade A healing were found in all cesarean sections and extrauterine pregnancy operations;950 cases of contaminated surgical wound operations were performed,1 case of gas gangrene infection was controlled effectively,no nosocomial infection outbreak occurred,no cross infection occurred among the wounded.Conclusion In the special medical circumstance of "tent wards" after major earthquake disaster,timely and effective management intervention in nosocomial infection is of great significance for preventing and controlling epidemic diseases and reducing infection rates,as well as for improving the medical therapeutic level of the wounded.
引文
[1]吴学杰,郑静晨,侯世科,等.国外地震灾区紧急医疗救援实施对策[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2006,1(4):167-169.
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[4]李丽君,丁燕莹,刘丽秀.预真空压力蒸汽灭菌的全程监控与质量控制[J].中国感染控制杂志,2007,6(3):208.
[5]白晓东,杨造成,彭碧波,等.地震灾区流动医院外科治疗组的展开研究[J].武警医学,2006,2(2):150-151.
[6]郑静晨,樊毫军,侯世科.从中国国际救援队国外救援实战论灾害医疗救援模式[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2006,1(1):23-25.
[2]王红梅,张梅.普通外科手术切口感染调查分析[J].中国感染控制杂志,2007,6(1):33-34.
[3]傅小芳,刘金妹,顾崎,等.普通手术室和层流洁净手术室对手术切口感染率的影响[J].中国感染控制杂志,2007,6(1):24-26.
[4]李丽君,丁燕莹,刘丽秀.预真空压力蒸汽灭菌的全程监控与质量控制[J].中国感染控制杂志,2007,6(3):208.
[5]白晓东,杨造成,彭碧波,等.地震灾区流动医院外科治疗组的展开研究[J].武警医学,2006,2(2):150-151.
[6]郑静晨,樊毫军,侯世科.从中国国际救援队国外救援实战论灾害医疗救援模式[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2006,1(1):23-25.
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