汶川县威州镇地震灾区居民食物中毒防治知识及卫生行为调查
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摘要
目的了解汶川县威州镇医生和普通居民对食物中毒防治知识的知晓情况;调查普通居民的卫生意识和行为,为5.12汶川地震后当地食物中毒防治对策的制订提供依据。方法对医生和普通居民进行题目不同的问卷调查。结果医生回答有关食物中毒防治问题的总正确率为35.7%,大多数问题的回答正确率低于50%;普通居民对食物中毒防治常识和自我预防回答正确率均未超过80%,饭前便后每次洗手的占53.0%,经常喝生水的占44.7%,不会进食因储存不当而可能变质的食品的占49.2%,分切食品时未严格生熟分开的占89.0%。结论威州镇的食物中毒防治现状亟待改善。对当地医生食物中毒防治专业知识的培训效果不理想;普通居民对食物中毒防治常识认识不足。因此,应强化城乡基层医务人员的相关知识培训,对当地居民加大预防食物中毒知识的针对性和细节性宣传教育,强化其风险意识,并进行充分的行为干预。
[Objective]To understand the knowledge of food poisoning prevention among doctors and villagers in Weizhou Town of Wenchuan County,to investigate health awareness and behavior of villagers,so as to provide the basis for develping countermeasures of food poisoning after May 12 Wenchuan Earthquake.[Methods]Different questionnaire survey was conducted on doctors and villagers in Weizhou country respectively.[Results]Among the doctors,the total correct rate of understanding about the knowledge of food poisoning prevention was 35.7%.The correct rate about most of questions was less 50%.Among the villagers,the total correct rate of understanding about the knowledge of food poisoning prevention was less than 80%,53.0% knew hands washing before meals and after using the bathroom,44.7% regularly drank unboiled water,49.2% did not eat possible deterioration of food caused by improper storage,89% cut raw and cooked foods without strictly separation.[Conclusion]The results indicated that the prevalence status of food poisoning prevention in Weizhou town is not well.The training effect of food poisoning prevention is not satisfactory.The villagers are lack of the knowledge of food poisoning prevention.Therefor it is necessary to strengthen the knowledge training of food poisoning prevention among medical staff of urban and rural grass-roots.The targetted publicity should be enchanced among local residents in details as well as risk awareness.And it is very urgent to strengthen adequate behavior intervention.
[Objective]To understand the knowledge of food poisoning prevention among doctors and villagers in Weizhou Town of Wenchuan County,to investigate health awareness and behavior of villagers,so as to provide the basis for develping countermeasures of food poisoning after May 12 Wenchuan Earthquake.[Methods]Different questionnaire survey was conducted on doctors and villagers in Weizhou country respectively.[Results]Among the doctors,the total correct rate of understanding about the knowledge of food poisoning prevention was 35.7%.The correct rate about most of questions was less 50%.Among the villagers,the total correct rate of understanding about the knowledge of food poisoning prevention was less than 80%,53.0% knew hands washing before meals and after using the bathroom,44.7% regularly drank unboiled water,49.2% did not eat possible deterioration of food caused by improper storage,89% cut raw and cooked foods without strictly separation.[Conclusion]The results indicated that the prevalence status of food poisoning prevention in Weizhou town is not well.The training effect of food poisoning prevention is not satisfactory.The villagers are lack of the knowledge of food poisoning prevention.Therefor it is necessary to strengthen the knowledge training of food poisoning prevention among medical staff of urban and rural grass-roots.The targetted publicity should be enchanced among local residents in details as well as risk awareness.And it is very urgent to strengthen adequate behavior intervention.
引文
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[2]王明宇,胡仕琦.新发感染病.北京:科学技术文献出版社,2006:25-26.
[3]姜培珍.食源性疾病与健康.北京:化学工业出版社,2006:2-3.
[4]于长水,庞作章,姜广起.地震、洪涝、海啸等自然灾害次生传染病的流行病学问题与对策.口岸卫生控制,2005,1(1):1-3.
[5]刘玲玲,唐学峰,徐媛,等.2003—2007年四川省疾病预防控制体系人力资源动态分析.预防医学情报杂志,2008,24(8):621.
[6]Michael B,Gregg原著.张顺详主译.现场流行病学.长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,2006:410-413.
[7]郭飚.中国免疫规划工作面临的挑战和机遇与对策.中国计划免疫,2006,12(5):415-419.
[8]沈文秀,唐小妹,王澍,等.健康教育在卫生防病中的实践与体会.公共卫生与预防医学,2004,15(5):91.
[9]于水,孙艳伏,温澄非,等.健康教育中的健康传播策略.中国健康教育,2007,23(10):798-799.
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