地震沉积学在中国:回顾和展望
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摘要
介绍了地震沉积学的发展历史,讨论了地震沉积学的涵义、地质和地球物理背景、关键技术以及近期发展展望。地震沉积学是一个新的学科领域,在其发展过程中不仅得到西方石油工业界和学术界的大力扶持,也得到了中国大多数学者的认同和支持。地震沉积学与地震地层学和层序地层学有着内在联系,但在内容上更注重研究沉积岩和沉积作用。在目前技术条件下,地震沉积学体现为地震岩性学和地震地貌学的综合。地震沉积学得益于对地震水平分辨能力的利用,对地震反射穿时性的认识,及利用等时地层格架内的虚拟作图解决薄层水平成像问题的顿悟。地震沉积学经济实用的两项关键技术是地震道90°相位化和地层切片。中国地震沉积学的近期发展可能出现在陆相盆地地震岩性学方法、陆相盆地的地震沉积相模式、及陆相盆地地震沉积学研究规范等方面。
This paper summarizes the history of seismic sedimentology,with a brief discussion of its definition,geologic and geophysical background,key techniques,and future developments.Seismic sedimentology is a new geoscience discipline that has been gaining support from industry and academia both in western countries and in China.Seismic sedimentology is closely related to seismic stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy,with an emphasis on study of sedimentary rocks and depositional processes.Under current technology,seismic sedimentology is an integration of seismic lithology and seismic geomorphology.The procedure is benefited from a technical breakthrough that images seismically-thin beds by phantom mapping within a time-equivalent seismic stratigraphic framework,which makes a better use of seismic horizontal resolution power.Ninety-degree phasing and stratal slicing are two key,practice and economic techniques.In China,new developments of seismic sedimentology in near future may occur in seismic lithologic methods,seismic depositional models,and study guidelines that are tailored for different types of non-marine basins.
This paper summarizes the history of seismic sedimentology,with a brief discussion of its definition,geologic and geophysical background,key techniques,and future developments.Seismic sedimentology is a new geoscience discipline that has been gaining support from industry and academia both in western countries and in China.Seismic sedimentology is closely related to seismic stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy,with an emphasis on study of sedimentary rocks and depositional processes.Under current technology,seismic sedimentology is an integration of seismic lithology and seismic geomorphology.The procedure is benefited from a technical breakthrough that images seismically-thin beds by phantom mapping within a time-equivalent seismic stratigraphic framework,which makes a better use of seismic horizontal resolution power.Ninety-degree phasing and stratal slicing are two key,practice and economic techniques.In China,new developments of seismic sedimentology in near future may occur in seismic lithologic methods,seismic depositional models,and study guidelines that are tailored for different types of non-marine basins.
引文
1董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.有关地震沉积学若干问题的探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):045-409[Dong Chunmei,Zhang Xianguo,Lin Chengyan.Discussions on several issues about seismic sedimentology[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2006,41(4):405-409]
2董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.地震沉积学的概念、方法和技术[J].沉积学报,2006,24(5):699-704[Dong Chunmei,Zhang Xianugo,Lin Chengyan.Concepts,methodologies,and technologies of the seis-mic sedimentology[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(5):699-704]
3林承焰,张宪国.地震沉积学探讨[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(11):l140-l144[Lin Chengyan,Zhang Xianguo.The discussion of seismic sedimentology[J].Advances in Earth Science,2006,21(11):l140-l144]
4林承焰,张宪国,董春梅.地震沉积学及其初步应用[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):69-71[Lin Chengyan,Zhang Xianguo,Dong Chunmei.Concepts of seismic sedimentology and its preliminary appli-cations[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):69-71]
5韩喜,高兴友,车廷信,等.利用地震属性沿层分析方法研究河流相沉积环境[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):120-124[Han Xi,Gao Xingyou,Che Tingxin,et al.Using horizon attributes to study fluvial depositional environment[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(1):120-124]
6张军华,周振晓,谭明友,等.地震切片解释中的几个理论问题[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(3):348-352,361[Zhang Jun-hua,Zhou Zhenxiao,Tan Mingyou.Discussions on several issues in seismic slice interpretation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(3):348-352,361]
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8范洪军,李军,肖毓祥,等.地震分频技术在扇三角洲演化过程研究中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(5):682-692[Fan Hongjun,Li Jun,Xiao Yuxiang,et al.Application of time-frequency analysis in the study of fan-delta evolution[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2007,28(5):682-692]
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13吴因业,顾家裕,施和生,等.从层序地层学到地震沉积学——全国第五届油气层序地层学大会综述[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(3):218-222[Wu Yinye,Gu Jiayu,Shi Hesheng,等.From se-quence stratigraphy to seismic sedimentology:overview of fifth Nation-al Conference for Oil and Gas Sequence Stratigraphy[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2008,30(3):218-222]
14王正和,蒋能春,吕其彪.地震沉积学的概念、方法和应用[J].江汉石油科技,2008,18(2):7-11[Wang Zhenghe,Jiang Neng-chun,Lu Qibiao.Concepts,methodologies,and applications of seis-mic sedimentology[J].Jianghan Petroleum Science and Technology,2008,18(2):7-11]
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21朱筱敏,刘长利,张义娜,等.地震沉积学在陆相湖盆三角洲砂体预测中的应用[J].沉积学报,2009,27(5):915-921[Zhu Xi-aomin,Liu Changli,Zhang Yi’na,et al.Application of seismic sedi-mentology in prediction of non-marine lacustrine deltaic sand bodies[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(5):915-921]
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2董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.地震沉积学的概念、方法和技术[J].沉积学报,2006,24(5):699-704[Dong Chunmei,Zhang Xianugo,Lin Chengyan.Concepts,methodologies,and technologies of the seis-mic sedimentology[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(5):699-704]
3林承焰,张宪国.地震沉积学探讨[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(11):l140-l144[Lin Chengyan,Zhang Xianguo.The discussion of seismic sedimentology[J].Advances in Earth Science,2006,21(11):l140-l144]
4林承焰,张宪国,董春梅.地震沉积学及其初步应用[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):69-71[Lin Chengyan,Zhang Xianguo,Dong Chunmei.Concepts of seismic sedimentology and its preliminary appli-cations[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):69-71]
5韩喜,高兴友,车廷信,等.利用地震属性沿层分析方法研究河流相沉积环境[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):120-124[Han Xi,Gao Xingyou,Che Tingxin,et al.Using horizon attributes to study fluvial depositional environment[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(1):120-124]
6张军华,周振晓,谭明友,等.地震切片解释中的几个理论问题[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(3):348-352,361[Zhang Jun-hua,Zhou Zhenxiao,Tan Mingyou.Discussions on several issues in seismic slice interpretation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(3):348-352,361]
7钱荣钧.对地震切片解释中一些问题的分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):482-487[Qian Rongjun.Analysis on some prob-lems in stratal slice interpretation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(4):482-487]
8范洪军,李军,肖毓祥,等.地震分频技术在扇三角洲演化过程研究中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(5):682-692[Fan Hongjun,Li Jun,Xiao Yuxiang,et al.Application of time-frequency analysis in the study of fan-delta evolution[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2007,28(5):682-692]
9蒋韧,樊太亮,徐守礼.地震地貌学概念与分析技术[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(1):33-38[Jiang Ren,Fan Tailian,Xu Shouli.Concepts and techniques of seismic sedimentology[J].Lithologic Res-ervoirs,2008,20(1):33-38]
10董艳蕾,朱筱敏,曾洪流,等.黄骅坳陷歧南凹陷古近系沙一层序地震沉积学研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(2):234-240[Dong Yanlei,Zhu Xiaomin,Zeng Hongliu,et al.Seismic sedimentologic study of Tertiary Sha-1sequence,Qinan Sag,Huanghua Depression[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(2):234-240]
11魏嘉,朱文斌,朱海龙,等.地震沉积学——地震解释的新思路及沉积研究的新工具[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(2):95-101[Wei Jia,Zhu Wenbin,Zhu Hailong.New methodologies for seismic interpretation and new tools for sedimentological study[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2008,31(2):95-101]
12刘保国,刘力辉.实用地震沉积学在沉积相分析中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(3):266-271[Liu Baoguo,Liu Lihui.Appli-cation of practical seismic sedimentology in depositional facies analysis[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(3):266-271]
13吴因业,顾家裕,施和生,等.从层序地层学到地震沉积学——全国第五届油气层序地层学大会综述[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(3):218-222[Wu Yinye,Gu Jiayu,Shi Hesheng,等.From se-quence stratigraphy to seismic sedimentology:overview of fifth Nation-al Conference for Oil and Gas Sequence Stratigraphy[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2008,30(3):218-222]
14王正和,蒋能春,吕其彪.地震沉积学的概念、方法和应用[J].江汉石油科技,2008,18(2):7-11[Wang Zhenghe,Jiang Neng-chun,Lu Qibiao.Concepts,methodologies,and applications of seis-mic sedimentology[J].Jianghan Petroleum Science and Technology,2008,18(2):7-11]
15王正和.地震沉积学研究中所采用的地球物理技术[J].内蒙古石油化工,2008,(3):23-25[Wang Zhenghe.Geophysical tech-niques used for seismic sedimentologic study[J].Inner Mongolia Pe-troleum Chemistry,2008,(3):23-25]
16郭海洋,巫芙蓉.地震沉积学在GA地区的初步应用[J].物探化探技术,2008,30(5):102-105[Guo Haiyang,Wu Furong.Pre-liminary application of seismic sedimentology in GA area[J].Geo-physical and Geochemical Exploration,2008,30(5):102-105]
17杜伟,陈娣.地震沉积学及其与相关学科的比较认识[J].内蒙古石油化工,2008,(19):16-17[Du Wei,Chen Di.Seismic sedi-mentology and its relationship to relevant disciplines[J].Inner Mon-golia Petroleum Chemistry,2008,(19):16-17]
18张义娜,朱筱敏,刘长利.地震沉积学及其在中亚南部地区的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(1):74-79[Zhang Yi’na,Zhu Xiaomin,Liu Changli.Seismic sedimentology and its application in south area of central Asia[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,2009,36(1):74-79]
19赵海华,吴明荣.关于地震沉积学几个问题的讨论[J].油气地球物理,2009,7(3):9-13,18[Zhao Haihua,Wu Mingrong.Dis-cussion on several issues of seismic sedimentology[J].Petroleum Ge-ophysics,2009,7(3):9-13,18]
20刘喜武,宁俊瑞,刘培体,等.地震时频分析与分频解释及频谱分解技术在地震沉积学与储层成像中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(5):1679-1688[Liu Xiwu,Ning Junrui,Liu Peiti,et al.Application of time-frequency analysis,frequency-dependent in-terpretation,and spectral decomposition in seismic sedimentology and reservoir imaging[J].Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(5):1679-1688]
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