汶川地震灾区灾民睡眠障碍流行病学调查
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摘要
[目的]评估汶川地震后灾区居民睡眠障碍的患病率及其相关因素,为灾后精神卫生服务提供可靠的决策依据。[方法]采用横断面调查,整群分层抽样随机抽取≥16岁灾区民众14189人,以自编一般情况调查表和一般健康问卷12项(GHQ-12)进行筛查,采用美国精神障碍诊断标准(DSM-IV),以SCID-I/P定式检查问卷确诊。[结果]睡眠障碍的患病率为0.81%(95%CI=0.66%～0.96%),女性患病率明显高于男性(P﹤0.01),60～79岁组患病率最高;地震中受伤、房屋受损严重、财产损失大,地震后家中没有稳定的经济来源,地震后未得到心理救助等因素是地震后睡眠障碍发病的危险因素。[结论]汶川地震后灾区睡眠障碍的患者较多,以中老年女性为主,需要进一步完善灾区精神卫生服务体系,使患者早日康复。
[Objective] To estimate the prevalence and related factors of sleep disorders after the Wenchuan Earthquake,and provide a reliable basis for decision-making of post-disaster mental health services.[Methods] Adopted the cross-sectional study.Cluster stratified random sampling method was used to choose 14 189 subjects who were 16 years or over in the earthquake areas.A self-designed questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-12) were used as screening instruments.Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I disorders-Patient Edition(SCID-I /P) was used to diagnose.[Results] The prevalence of sleep disorders was 0.81%(95%CI=0.66%-0.96%),and it was significantly higher in women than that in men(P﹤0.01).The prevalence at age 60-79 was the highest.The risk factors for the incidence of sleep disorders were injure in earthquake,houses damaged seriously,extensive property losses,without stable source of income and did not receive psychological help after the earthquake,and so on.[Conclusion] The sleep disorders are common among victims in Wenchuan Earthquake.The prevalences are significantly different in gender and age.It's necessary to establish more comprehensive mental health service system in order to help the patients recover in earthquake areas as soon as possible.
[Objective] To estimate the prevalence and related factors of sleep disorders after the Wenchuan Earthquake,and provide a reliable basis for decision-making of post-disaster mental health services.[Methods] Adopted the cross-sectional study.Cluster stratified random sampling method was used to choose 14 189 subjects who were 16 years or over in the earthquake areas.A self-designed questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-12) were used as screening instruments.Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I disorders-Patient Edition(SCID-I /P) was used to diagnose.[Results] The prevalence of sleep disorders was 0.81%(95%CI=0.66%-0.96%),and it was significantly higher in women than that in men(P﹤0.01).The prevalence at age 60-79 was the highest.The risk factors for the incidence of sleep disorders were injure in earthquake,houses damaged seriously,extensive property losses,without stable source of income and did not receive psychological help after the earthquake,and so on.[Conclusion] The sleep disorders are common among victims in Wenchuan Earthquake.The prevalences are significantly different in gender and age.It's necessary to establish more comprehensive mental health service system in order to help the patients recover in earthquake areas as soon as possible.
引文
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李涛,周茹英,胡峻梅,等.DSM-IV-TR轴I障碍定式临床检查病人版(SCID-I/P)[J].四川大学华西医院心理卫生研究所,2004.1-219.
Varela E,Koustouki V,Davos CH,et al.Psychological consequences among adults following the1999earthquake in Athens,Greece[J].Disasters,2008,32(2):280-291.
Steiner H,Erickson SJ,MacLean P,et al.Relationship betweendefenses,personality,and affect during a stress task in normaladolescents[J].Child Psychiatry Hum Dev,2007,38(2):107-119.
姜乾金.心身医学[M].第1版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.252-253.
Prisoni GB,De Leo D,Rozzini R,et al.Psychic correlates ofsleep symptoms in the elderly[J].Int J Geriatr Psychiatry,1992,7:891-898.
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