264例汶川地震丧亲者孤独感与其家庭功能的相关关系研究
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摘要
目的探讨丧亲者孤独感与家庭功能相关关系。方法采用便利抽样,使用家庭关怀度问卷(APGAR)和UCLA孤独量表,对264名汶川地震丧亲者的孤独感和家庭功能进行问卷调查。结果丧亲者孤独感均分(42.06±9.96)分,50%以上丧亲者体验到中等水平的孤独感;孤独感在性别方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在年龄、经济状况、婚姻状态和家庭结构方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);丧亲者孤独感与家庭功能呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论孤独感是丧亲者普遍存在的心理问题且处于中等水平;丧亲者的家庭功能从不同侧面对其孤独感产生影响,良好的家庭功能有助于减轻孤独感。
Objective To determine the relationship between loneliness and family function among the bereaved people.Methods Totally 264 bereaved cases in Wenchuan earthquake were investigated with Family APGAR Index and UCLA Loneliness Scale.Results The average score of loneliness was 42.06±9.96,and over 50% of the bereaved showed moderate level of loneliness.The scores of loneliness varied with age,economic condition,marital status and family structure(P<0.01),but not with gender(P>0.05).There was a negative correlation between the score of loneliness and family function(P<0.01).Conclusion Loneliness is a general psychological problem in the bereaved and they have moderate level of loneliness.Family function affects loneliness of the bereaved from different aspects,and good family function may be helpful to relieve loneliness.
Objective To determine the relationship between loneliness and family function among the bereaved people.Methods Totally 264 bereaved cases in Wenchuan earthquake were investigated with Family APGAR Index and UCLA Loneliness Scale.Results The average score of loneliness was 42.06±9.96,and over 50% of the bereaved showed moderate level of loneliness.The scores of loneliness varied with age,economic condition,marital status and family structure(P<0.01),but not with gender(P>0.05).There was a negative correlation between the score of loneliness and family function(P<0.01).Conclusion Loneliness is a general psychological problem in the bereaved and they have moderate level of loneliness.Family function affects loneliness of the bereaved from different aspects,and good family function may be helpful to relieve loneliness.
引文
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[16]赵洁,林艳艳,曹光海.农村留守儿童心理健康与家庭亲密度及适应性的相关性[J].山东大学学报:医学版,2008,46(10):1012-1015.
[2]Hojat M,Borenstein BD.Perception of childhood dissatisfaction withparents and selected personality traits in adulthood[J].J Gen Psychol,1990,117(3):241-253.
[3]辛自强,池丽萍.家庭功能与儿童孤独感的关系中介的作用[J].心理学报,2003,35(2):216-221.
[4]李彩娜,邹泓.亲子间家庭功能的知觉差异及其与青少年孤独感的关系[J].心理科学,2007,30(4):810-813.
[5]李彩娜,邹泓.青少年孤独感的特点及其与人格、家庭功能的关系[J].陕西师范大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2006,35(1):115-121.
[6]张艳华,慈勤英.家庭功能与青少年子女孤独感的相关研究——基于功能分析的视角[J].青年探索,2008(1):53-56.
[7]赵丹丹.对家庭定义的理论探讨[J].中国农业大学学报:社会科学版,2000,3:61-67.
[8]张作记.家庭关怀度指数[J].中国行为医学科学,2001,10(特刊):110.
[9]吕繁,曾光.家庭关怀度指数问卷测量脑血管病病人家庭功能的信度和效度研究[J].中国公共卫生,1999,15(11):987-988.
[10]汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生杂志评定量表手册[M].增订版.北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:134-301.
[11]黄海.大学生孤独感现状及其影响因素的研究[D].南昌:江西师范大学,2004.
[12]张晓明.对汶川地震后遇难者亲属心理危机早期干预的方法及临床效应分析[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2009,17(2):248-250.
[13]张蕾.汶川地震与人口发展[J].人口与发展,2008,14(4):21-39.
[14]刘志荣,倪进发.老年人孤独及其相关因素研究[J].中国公共卫生,2003,19(3):293-295.
[15]崔光辉,吴振强,张秀军,等.安徽某地区老年人孤独及其影响因素的研究[J].现代预防医学,2009,36(11);2067-2070.
[16]赵洁,林艳艳,曹光海.农村留守儿童心理健康与家庭亲密度及适应性的相关性[J].山东大学学报:医学版,2008,46(10):1012-1015.
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