汶川大地震绵阳灾区防疫消杀工作质量评价
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摘要
[目的]评价汶川大地震后绵阳灾区卫生防疫及消杀工作质量。[方法]采用回顾性工作总结的方法对防疫消杀工作质量进行评价。[结果]累计处理遇难者和动物尸体676万多具,处理粪坑52万多个(次),清除蚊蝇孳生地351万多处,消杀面积9.3亿m2。蚊密度由21.77只/人工.小时减少到1.47只/人工.小时,蝇密度由0.73只/m2减少到0.11只/m2。鼠密度由4.26处/2000m减少到0.24处/2000m。生活饮用水合格率为97.45%。食品销售环节抽检合格率为91.47%,校园内小食品抽检合格率为84.68%。各类餐、饮、炊具合格率为92.00%。灾后应急接种甲肝疫苗100870人份,乙脑疫苗46779人份,流感疫苗464400人份。1～12月报告的法定传染病病种中,肠道、呼吸道、虫媒和动物源性传染病的总发病率为310.1688/10万,较2007年下降26.72%。其中肠道、呼吸道、虫媒和动物源性传染病的发病率分别为155.6977/10万、154.1012/10万、0.2325/10万和0.1363/10万,发病率分别较2007年下降35.81%、14.37%、58.63%和29.67%。[结论]卫生防疫工作措施得力,方法有效,全年未发生任何规模性传染病暴发疫情。
[Objective] To evaluate the quality of sterilization performance about sanitation and epidemic prevention in Mianyang disaster area after Wengchuan megaseism.[Methods] The quality of sterilization about sanitation and epidemic prevention was evaluated in Mianyang earthquake area by retrospective summary method.[Results] 6 760 thousands victims' corpses and carcasses were buried deeply,more than 520 thousands cesspits and 3 510 thousands mosquito breeding place were treated,disinfectant area reached 930 million square meter.Mosquito density reduced from 21.77 per person hour to 1.47,mouche density diminished from 0.73 per square meter to 0.11 and the mouse density decreased from 4.26 per 2 000 meter to 0.24.The qualified rate of drinking water was 97.45%,the qualified rate of spot check in food marketing and school little market was 91.47% and 84.68% respectively,the qualified rate of all kinds of cooking utensils and mess kits was 92.00%.There were 100 870 Aimmugen,46 779 Vaccinum Encephalitidis Epidemicae and 464 400 Flu Vaccine which were inoculated stringently after disaster.The total incidence rate of these four infectious diseases was 310.17 per 100 thousand which were reported from January to December,it reduced 26.72% than that in 2007.The rate of enteric infection,respiratory disease,arthropod borne infectious diseases and zoogenic diseases was 155.70,154.10,0.23 and 0.14 per 100 thousand respectively,which reduced 35.70%,14.37%,58.63% and 29.67% than those in 2007.[Conclusion] The measure for sanitation and epidemic prevention is satisfied and effective,infection disease do not break out in the whole year.
[Objective] To evaluate the quality of sterilization performance about sanitation and epidemic prevention in Mianyang disaster area after Wengchuan megaseism.[Methods] The quality of sterilization about sanitation and epidemic prevention was evaluated in Mianyang earthquake area by retrospective summary method.[Results] 6 760 thousands victims' corpses and carcasses were buried deeply,more than 520 thousands cesspits and 3 510 thousands mosquito breeding place were treated,disinfectant area reached 930 million square meter.Mosquito density reduced from 21.77 per person hour to 1.47,mouche density diminished from 0.73 per square meter to 0.11 and the mouse density decreased from 4.26 per 2 000 meter to 0.24.The qualified rate of drinking water was 97.45%,the qualified rate of spot check in food marketing and school little market was 91.47% and 84.68% respectively,the qualified rate of all kinds of cooking utensils and mess kits was 92.00%.There were 100 870 Aimmugen,46 779 Vaccinum Encephalitidis Epidemicae and 464 400 Flu Vaccine which were inoculated stringently after disaster.The total incidence rate of these four infectious diseases was 310.17 per 100 thousand which were reported from January to December,it reduced 26.72% than that in 2007.The rate of enteric infection,respiratory disease,arthropod borne infectious diseases and zoogenic diseases was 155.70,154.10,0.23 and 0.14 per 100 thousand respectively,which reduced 35.70%,14.37%,58.63% and 29.67% than those in 2007.[Conclusion] The measure for sanitation and epidemic prevention is satisfied and effective,infection disease do not break out in the whole year.
引文
[1]卫生部卫生法制与监督司.消毒技术规范[S].北京:中华人民共和国卫生部,2002.206-225.
[2]李树酞,潘顺昌,孙凤英,等.减轻地震灾害的饮用水卫生应急措施[J].中国公共卫生,1998,14(9):548.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》[S].中国国家标准化管理委员会,2006.6.
[4]谢苗荣,韩小茜,马莉,等.赴国外热带地区地震海啸救援工作体会[J].中华医院管理杂志.2005;21(5):350.
[5]朱子犁.四川大地震初期现场消杀工作[J].中国消毒学杂志.2008,25(5):561.
[2]李树酞,潘顺昌,孙凤英,等.减轻地震灾害的饮用水卫生应急措施[J].中国公共卫生,1998,14(9):548.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》[S].中国国家标准化管理委员会,2006.6.
[4]谢苗荣,韩小茜,马莉,等.赴国外热带地区地震海啸救援工作体会[J].中华医院管理杂志.2005;21(5):350.
[5]朱子犁.四川大地震初期现场消杀工作[J].中国消毒学杂志.2008,25(5):561.
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