对48例地震伤员震后心理体验的质性观察
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摘要
目的深入了解和研究人的心理体验是心理危机干预工作的重要步骤,文中对地震伤员出现的震后心理体验进行探究。方法运用质性研究中的现象学知识和心理晤谈技术,对48例四川地震伤员进行一对一的个别晤谈。结果伤员均有不同程度的急性应激反应,可分为情绪异常、认知功能缺损、行为能力改变等3个方面的结构概念。结论作为心理危机干预者,应站在"当事人"的角度去深刻了解伤员内心深处的真实感受,以科学方法分析其根源、成因和特点,达到缓解甚至纠正其心理危机的目的 。
Objective A deep insight into human psychological experience is essential for psychological crisis intervention.This article aims at a comprehensive exploration of the post-earthquake psychological experience of those injured from the earthquake.Methods One-to-one interviews were held with 48 of the injured from the Wenchuan earthquake using phenomenological knowledge and psychological interview techniques of qualitative studies.Results All the patients showed different degrees of stress reaction,which fell into 3 constitutional concepts: emotional abnormality,cognitive deficiency and capacity alteration.Conclusion A psychological intervention should try to obtain deep insights into the exact feelings of the earthquake injured from the angle of the patients themselves,and scientifically analyze the roots,causes and characteristics of their feelings,so as to relieve or correct their psychological crisis.
Objective A deep insight into human psychological experience is essential for psychological crisis intervention.This article aims at a comprehensive exploration of the post-earthquake psychological experience of those injured from the earthquake.Methods One-to-one interviews were held with 48 of the injured from the Wenchuan earthquake using phenomenological knowledge and psychological interview techniques of qualitative studies.Results All the patients showed different degrees of stress reaction,which fell into 3 constitutional concepts: emotional abnormality,cognitive deficiency and capacity alteration.Conclusion A psychological intervention should try to obtain deep insights into the exact feelings of the earthquake injured from the angle of the patients themselves,and scientifically analyze the roots,causes and characteristics of their feelings,so as to relieve or correct their psychological crisis.
引文
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[4]Claudia Herbert Ann Wetmore.周晓林,袁文涛,吕晓薇.抚平创伤[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001:6.
[5]Dena R,Mary W,Barbara EW.田成华,司天梅,孔祥泉译.精神创伤之后的生活[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001:6.
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[7]王娟娣,申萍,赵闽.1例震后埋压28小时致急性应激反应患儿的心理疏导体会[J].中华护理杂志,2009,44(3):240-242.
[8]王娟娣,李玉刚,周曼颖,等.新时期军人护士心理健康水平的调查分析[J].医学研究生学报,2009,22(3):296-298.
[2]施琪嘉.创伤心理学[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2006:9-90.
[3]杨国斌,张艳梅,姚兵,等.116名四川地震伤员心理学情况调查与分析[J].医学研究生学报,2008,21(7):745-749.
[4]Claudia Herbert Ann Wetmore.周晓林,袁文涛,吕晓薇.抚平创伤[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001:6.
[5]Dena R,Mary W,Barbara EW.田成华,司天梅,孔祥泉译.精神创伤之后的生活[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001:6.
[6]王娟娣.对推进高等护理心理学教育发展的探讨[J].中华护理杂志,2004,39(7):549-550.
[7]王娟娣,申萍,赵闽.1例震后埋压28小时致急性应激反应患儿的心理疏导体会[J].中华护理杂志,2009,44(3):240-242.
[8]王娟娣,李玉刚,周曼颖,等.新时期军人护士心理健康水平的调查分析[J].医学研究生学报,2009,22(3):296-298.
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