165名汶川地震伤员心理健康调查和心理护理效果
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摘要
目的探讨地震灾区伤员的心理健康状况及心理护理效果。方法采用心理健康自评问卷(PHSQ)对165名来深圳住院治疗的灾区伤员进行问卷调查,并实施心理社会支持、健康教育、放松训练等护理措施。结果深圳的灾区伤员入院时PH-SQ高于8分的59人,需重点心理干预的占35.8%,其中最常见的心理问题是紧张或担忧(91.5%),其次是容易疲劳(76.3%)和感觉不快乐(74.6%),有自杀倾向(17.0%),男女心理问题的严重程度差异无显著性(P>0.05)。1个月后PHSQ复测,高于8分的5人,与干预前比较有统计学意义(χ2=56.52,P<0.05),PHSQ评分与干预前比较有统计学意义(t=11.46,P<0.05)。结论地震灾害给伤员造成的心理健康问题较为突出,加强心理护理对伤员非常必要。
Objective To investigate the psychological health state and effect of psychological nursing of the patients caused by the Wenchuan earthquake.Methods A total of 165 patients caused by the earthquake were investigated by Self-rating questionnaire(PHSQ).We gave the psychological nursing including social support,health education and relaxation exercise according to the results of the questionnaire.Results There were 59 patients whose scores of PHSQ were higher than 8 in all the patients.35.8% patients were needed psychological nursing.The psychological problems were nervous and worry(91.5%),easy to be tired(76.3%),feeling unhappy(74.6%)and suicide idea(17.0%).There were no significant difference in the degree severity between male and female(P>0.05).There were 5 patients whose scores of PHSQ were higher than 8 after the retest of the interval of one month.The psychological health was improved statistically after one month of psychological nursing.Conclusion The problem of psychological health is obvious in the patients caused by earthquake.The psychological nursing is needed to implement in the paitents.
Objective To investigate the psychological health state and effect of psychological nursing of the patients caused by the Wenchuan earthquake.Methods A total of 165 patients caused by the earthquake were investigated by Self-rating questionnaire(PHSQ).We gave the psychological nursing including social support,health education and relaxation exercise according to the results of the questionnaire.Results There were 59 patients whose scores of PHSQ were higher than 8 in all the patients.35.8% patients were needed psychological nursing.The psychological problems were nervous and worry(91.5%),easy to be tired(76.3%),feeling unhappy(74.6%)and suicide idea(17.0%).There were no significant difference in the degree severity between male and female(P>0.05).There were 5 patients whose scores of PHSQ were higher than 8 after the retest of the interval of one month.The psychological health was improved statistically after one month of psychological nursing.Conclusion The problem of psychological health is obvious in the patients caused by earthquake.The psychological nursing is needed to implement in the paitents.
引文
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[12]滕秀蓉.张家口市护理人员危机干预认知状况的调查分析[J].中华护理杂志,2006,7(7):664-665
[2]董惠娟,李小军,杜满庆,等,地震灾害与心理伤害的相关问题研究[J].自然灾害学报,2007,16(1):153-158
[3]张本,王学义,孙贺祥,等.唐山大地震心理创伤后应激障碍的抽样调查研究[J].中国精神科杂志,1999,32(2):106-108
[4]周建初,金初林,张世奎,等.巫溪县岩崩、吊桥事件后精神反应调查报告[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1988,2(2):72-75
[5]何鸣,吴仁刚,章晓冬,等.翻车事故幸存者中精神创伤后应激障碍[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1993,7(4):148-151
[6]邱慧萍.灾难性危机事件的心理干预[J].江西农业大学学,2004,3(1):134
[7]WWW.CHINA.COM.CN/POLICY/TXT/2008-05/21/CON-TENT.紧急心理危机干预指导原则
[8]姜荣环.马弘.吕秋云.紧急事件应激晤谈在心理危机干预中的应用[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2007,21(7):496-498
[9]樊富珉.危机干预与心理辅导模式初探[J].中国心理卫生,2003,17(9):600-602
[10]李权超,王应立.军人心理应激反应与心理危机干预[J].临床心身疾病杂志,2006,12(2):136-138
[11]黄津芳.强化危机意识,发挥护士在危机干预中的作用[J].中华护理杂志,2005,40(6):478-480
[12]滕秀蓉.张家口市护理人员危机干预认知状况的调查分析[J].中华护理杂志,2006,7(7):664-665
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