汶川地震绵阳极重灾县结核病防治工作的影响与对策分析
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摘要
[目的]分析地震灾后极重灾县结核病防治工作受到的影响和应对措施。[方法]以结核病防治工作报表、灾后报表资料和现场资料为基础,对地震灾后对结核病防治工作的影响、对策及效果进行描述性分析。[结果]4个重灾县结防机构门诊用房均不能使用,震后主要设备基本能使用的仅占震前的31.25%,肺结核病人丢失率达到7.62%。针对存在的问题,绵阳市积极采取应对措施,各结防机构尽快恢复接诊和追踪工作,病人恢复治疗人数占灾后应在治人数的92.10%;非结防机构网络报告病人落实追踪率为86.23%,追踪到位率为71.43%。对集中安置点灾民和学生的肺结核病症状筛查,共筛查39859人,发现有肺结核可疑症状者272人。[结论]绵阳市在地震中受灾非常严重,同时灾民集中安置又增加了肺结核传播流行的危险性。通过积极采取应对措施,结防工作得到迅速恢复,灾后没有出现结核病暴发疫情。但是,由于灾害发生突然,缺乏应对经验,结果与预期还有一定差距,一些措施还有待进一步探讨。
[Objective] To analyze the influence and the dealing measures of the earthquake to TB prevention and control in the severely afflicted county. [Methods] Based on the report and the information from earthquake-stricken area,descriptive analysis was conducted. [Results] The clinic buildings in the four severely afflicted counties were not proper for using any more,only 31.25% of the main equipments were in good condition,the default rate of patients was 7.62%. To resolving these problems,the TB prevention institution of Mianyang city took some positive measures,and resumed to receive and track as quickly as possible. The rate of the patients who resumed to cure was 92.1%. 86.32% of the patients reported by the non-TBcontrol-institution network were traced,and 71.43% of them were traced in place. The screening result of TB patients among the victims who lived in resettlement spots was 272 suspicion patients in 39859 persons. [Conclusion] During the earthquake,Mianyang was damaged severely,and the concentrative aftercare of victims increased the risk of the spread of TB. Through some positive measures,TB prevention and treatment resumed quickly; and there was not TB outbreak after the earthquake. However,due to the sudden disaster and lack of experience,the results was not as good as expected,the measures need to be further explored.
[Objective] To analyze the influence and the dealing measures of the earthquake to TB prevention and control in the severely afflicted county. [Methods] Based on the report and the information from earthquake-stricken area,descriptive analysis was conducted. [Results] The clinic buildings in the four severely afflicted counties were not proper for using any more,only 31.25% of the main equipments were in good condition,the default rate of patients was 7.62%. To resolving these problems,the TB prevention institution of Mianyang city took some positive measures,and resumed to receive and track as quickly as possible. The rate of the patients who resumed to cure was 92.1%. 86.32% of the patients reported by the non-TBcontrol-institution network were traced,and 71.43% of them were traced in place. The screening result of TB patients among the victims who lived in resettlement spots was 272 suspicion patients in 39859 persons. [Conclusion] During the earthquake,Mianyang was damaged severely,and the concentrative aftercare of victims increased the risk of the spread of TB. Through some positive measures,TB prevention and treatment resumed quickly; and there was not TB outbreak after the earthquake. However,due to the sudden disaster and lack of experience,the results was not as good as expected,the measures need to be further explored.
引文
雷百灵,周云,朱颖,等.汶川地震绵阳极重灾区医疗救援应急指挥纪实[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8:581-587.
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鲁春.肺结核咯血患者的心理干预及效果评价[J].临床肺科杂志,2007,12(2):209-210.
A.Roderick Escombe,Clarissa C.Oeser,Robert H.Gilman,et al.Natural Ventilation for the Prevention of Airborne Contagion[J].PloS Medicine,2007,4(2):e68.
端木宏谨,郑素华,徐飚,等.对肺结核可疑症状者采用查痰法提高患者发现率[J].中华结核和呼吸杂志,2005,28(7):468-471.
周云等,雷百灵,何静,等.汶川地震绵阳极重灾区如何开展卫生防疫工作[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8:602-609.
鲁春.肺结核咯血患者的心理干预及效果评价[J].临床肺科杂志,2007,12(2):209-210.
A.Roderick Escombe,Clarissa C.Oeser,Robert H.Gilman,et al.Natural Ventilation for the Prevention of Airborne Contagion[J].PloS Medicine,2007,4(2):e68.
端木宏谨,郑素华,徐飚,等.对肺结核可疑症状者采用查痰法提高患者发现率[J].中华结核和呼吸杂志,2005,28(7):468-471.
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