汶川地震伤员灾后心理障碍调查研究
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摘要
目的探讨地震灾后60天住院伤员心理障碍及对策。方法采用Zung编制的焦虑自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)和抑郁自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)对48例住院伤员进行调查,分析焦虑和抑郁情绪状况及相关影响因素。结果灾区伤员焦虑得分(标准分)为41.56±5.38,抑郁得分(标准分)为55.21±10.15,二者均显著高于全国常模(33.80,41.88P<0.01)。症状分级为:轻度焦虑2例,轻度抑郁20例,中度抑郁14例;青年组的焦虑(P<0.01)和抑郁(P<0.05)均值显著高于成年组;截肢组的抑郁均值显著高于非截肢组(P<0.05)。不同性别、职业和文化程度伤员的焦虑、抑郁均值无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论地震后60天伤员的焦虑和抑郁仍然严重,尤其是青年伤员和截肢伤者,因此有必要对地震伤员的心理健康状况进行长期跟踪,并对焦虑及抑郁情绪严重者进行心理干预。
Objective To discuss the psychological barrier patients wounded in Wenchuan earthquake and its countermeasures.Methods Totally 48 patients were surveyed with self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)60 days after Wenchuan earthquake,and the influential factors were analyzed.Results The mean score of anxiety standard was 41.56±5.38 and only two cases suffered from mild anxiety;the mean score of depression standard was 55.21±10.15,and twenty cases suffered from mild depression and fourteen cases moderate depression.Both of the mean score of anxiety and depression of the young people group were significantly higher than those of the adults group;the mean score of depression standard of the amputated group was higher than that of the control group.There were no significant differences in scores of anxiety and depression between sex,education background and occupation.Conclusion Persons wounded in earthquake still suffered from anxiety and depression 60 days after earthquake,especially for the young people and the amputated.It is necessary to trace the mental health of the earthquake wounded persons and to provide psychological intervention for those with mental problems.
Objective To discuss the psychological barrier patients wounded in Wenchuan earthquake and its countermeasures.Methods Totally 48 patients were surveyed with self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)60 days after Wenchuan earthquake,and the influential factors were analyzed.Results The mean score of anxiety standard was 41.56±5.38 and only two cases suffered from mild anxiety;the mean score of depression standard was 55.21±10.15,and twenty cases suffered from mild depression and fourteen cases moderate depression.Both of the mean score of anxiety and depression of the young people group were significantly higher than those of the adults group;the mean score of depression standard of the amputated group was higher than that of the control group.There were no significant differences in scores of anxiety and depression between sex,education background and occupation.Conclusion Persons wounded in earthquake still suffered from anxiety and depression 60 days after earthquake,especially for the young people and the amputated.It is necessary to trace the mental health of the earthquake wounded persons and to provide psychological intervention for those with mental problems.
引文
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[2]刘静,肖军,陈祥慧,等.地震对焦虑抑郁患者的影响[J].实用医院临床杂志,2009,6(1):55-56.
[3]陈国鹏.心理测验与常用量表[M].上海:上海科学普及出版社,2008.116-118.
[4]席淑华,卢根娣,马静,等.心理干预对地震伤员焦虑抑郁状态的影响[J].中华护理杂志,2008,12(12):1063-1066.
[5]张琴,郭琼.绵阳市第三人民医院148例汶川地震外科转出伤员心理危机干预效果评价[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(11):924-926.
[6]郭敏,高允锁,王小丹,等.汶川地震受灾群众焦虑抑郁症状调查[J].中国热带医学,2009,(2):383-384.
[7]李伦,孙甜甜,彭菊聪,等.汶川地震文县居民心理伤害相关问题调查[J].中国循证医学杂志,2009,9(4):389-391.
[8]Charle DS.Psychobiological mechanisms of resilience and vulnerability:implications for sueeessful adaptation to ex-treme stress[J].Am J Psychiatry,2004,161(2):195-216.
[9]倪晓慧,王家同,谭庆荣.抑郁症共病因素及其人格特征的相关与回归分析[J].第四军医大学学报,2005,26(1):67-70.
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