地震情景再现对灾区大学生创伤后应激障碍及其共病的影响
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摘要
目的了解地震情景再现对5.12汶川大地震重灾区大学生的创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)及其共病的影响,为地震灾区大学生PTSD及其共病的治疗提供依据。方法以主题短片"无情的地震"为再现方式,用创伤后应激障碍自评量表(PTSD-SS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)等对四川文理学院地震灾区176名大学生进行短片呈现前后测评。结果前后测发现,除回避症状差异无统计学意义(t=0.94,P>0.05)外,其余各症状差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05);有PTSD、PTSD和焦虑、PTSD和抑郁共病以及3种障碍共病的人数分别增加了5.7%,5.39%,2.86%和0.60%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);后测发现,房屋倒塌和财产损失与PTSD和抑郁症状增强的相关性良好(P<0.01或P<0.05);警觉性提高是焦虑和抑郁症状增强的重要原因。结论地震情景再现时重灾区大学生会出现急性PTSD及其共病症状,或原有症状更突出。
Objective To know the state of the PTSD and its comorbidities of the college students from the most serious disaster-stricken areas in the time of the reliving of the May 12 Wenchuan earthquake.Methods Between the pre-measure and post-measure by using PTSD-SS,SAS and SDS,176 college students from the most serious disaster-stricken areas watched a short film named the merciless earthquake.Results In the two measures,other symptoms had significantly differences(P<0.01 or P<0.05) except the symptom of avoidance(t=0.94,P>0.05).The percentages of the persons having PTSD,comorbidities of PTSD and anxiety or depression or three disorders separately increased 5.70%,5.39%,2.86% and 0.60%,but their differences were not significant(P>0.05).In the second test the numbers of the persons having PTSD,comorbidities of PTSD and anxiety or depression or three disorders existed significant differences(P<0.001).The collapsing houses and heavy loss of properties existed positive relativity with the symptoms of PTSD and depression significantly(P<0.01 or P<0.05);The ascendance of alertness was key factor causing anxiety and depression.Conclusion The college students from the most serious disaster-stricken areas probalby have the acute PTSD and comorbidities,or strengthened original diseases.
Objective To know the state of the PTSD and its comorbidities of the college students from the most serious disaster-stricken areas in the time of the reliving of the May 12 Wenchuan earthquake.Methods Between the pre-measure and post-measure by using PTSD-SS,SAS and SDS,176 college students from the most serious disaster-stricken areas watched a short film named the merciless earthquake.Results In the two measures,other symptoms had significantly differences(P<0.01 or P<0.05) except the symptom of avoidance(t=0.94,P>0.05).The percentages of the persons having PTSD,comorbidities of PTSD and anxiety or depression or three disorders separately increased 5.70%,5.39%,2.86% and 0.60%,but their differences were not significant(P>0.05).In the second test the numbers of the persons having PTSD,comorbidities of PTSD and anxiety or depression or three disorders existed significant differences(P<0.001).The collapsing houses and heavy loss of properties existed positive relativity with the symptoms of PTSD and depression significantly(P<0.01 or P<0.05);The ascendance of alertness was key factor causing anxiety and depression.Conclusion The college students from the most serious disaster-stricken areas probalby have the acute PTSD and comorbidities,or strengthened original diseases.
引文
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[3]范一鸣,焦亭,宫瑞莹,等.创伤后应激障碍的诊断与测量.实用医药杂志,2009,26(1):59-61.
[4]汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册:增订版.北京:中国心理卫生杂志,1993:160-162,202-205.
[5]赵丞智,汪向东,李俊福,等.地震后17个月受灾青少年PTSD及其相关因素.中国心理卫生杂志,2001,15(3):145-147.
[6]于连政,那军,邢立莹,等.地震灾区中小学生心理应激状况调查.中国公共卫生,2009,25(3):282.
[7]周波,周东,肖军,等.5.12汶川大地震灾民创伤后应激障碍的特点分析.实用医院临床杂志,2009,6(1):32-34.
[8]何树德.地震灾区大学生创伤后应激障碍及其共病.中国公共卫生,2010,26(6):719-720.
[9]JORDAN NN,HOGE CW,TOBLER SK,et al.Mental health impactof 9/11 Pentagon attack:Validation of a rapid assessment tool.Am JPrev Med,2004,26(4):284-293
[10]徐唯,宋瑛,梁爱民,等.特大爆炸事故幸存者创伤后应激障碍的初步研究.中国心理卫生杂志,2003,17(9):603-606.
[11]宁维卫,徐建.灾后心理重建与心理教育.西南交通大学学报,2008,9(4):1-4.
[2]王志阳,汤月芬,施慎逊.创伤后应激障碍国内研究现状.上海精神医学,2006,18(6):372-374.
[3]范一鸣,焦亭,宫瑞莹,等.创伤后应激障碍的诊断与测量.实用医药杂志,2009,26(1):59-61.
[4]汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册:增订版.北京:中国心理卫生杂志,1993:160-162,202-205.
[5]赵丞智,汪向东,李俊福,等.地震后17个月受灾青少年PTSD及其相关因素.中国心理卫生杂志,2001,15(3):145-147.
[6]于连政,那军,邢立莹,等.地震灾区中小学生心理应激状况调查.中国公共卫生,2009,25(3):282.
[7]周波,周东,肖军,等.5.12汶川大地震灾民创伤后应激障碍的特点分析.实用医院临床杂志,2009,6(1):32-34.
[8]何树德.地震灾区大学生创伤后应激障碍及其共病.中国公共卫生,2010,26(6):719-720.
[9]JORDAN NN,HOGE CW,TOBLER SK,et al.Mental health impactof 9/11 Pentagon attack:Validation of a rapid assessment tool.Am JPrev Med,2004,26(4):284-293
[10]徐唯,宋瑛,梁爱民,等.特大爆炸事故幸存者创伤后应激障碍的初步研究.中国心理卫生杂志,2003,17(9):603-606.
[11]宁维卫,徐建.灾后心理重建与心理教育.西南交通大学学报,2008,9(4):1-4.
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