地震灾区居民健康教育效果评价
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摘要
目的评价地震灾区居民健康教育干预效果,检验地震灾后健康教育干预模式的可行性,为日后地震灾区健康教育提供依据和思路。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取四川、陕西、甘肃3省10个县(市)项目村村民进行问卷调查和干预,评价干预效果。结果经过为期6个月的健康教育,调查对象的健康知识知晓率、健康行为采纳率均有显著性提高(P<0.05)。其中项目村居民肠道传染病、结核病、妇幼保健知识增加明显,干预后知晓率分别达到了94.7%、81.8%和82.1%。居民不共用毛巾、使用肥皂洗手、妥善保管农药3方面行为的改善率分别为12.2%、5.6%和2.7%。结论 "面对面传播抓重点人群,传播材料发放保障覆盖率,地方特色活动激发参与积极性"的健康教育干预模式初见成效,应在地震灾区继续推广。
Objective To evaluate the effect of health education among citizens in earthquake areas,to test feasibility of health education intervention model,and to provide scientific basis for health education.Methods With multi-stage random sampling,the villagers from 10 counties of 3 provinces as Sichuan,Shanxi,and Gansu were intervened and surveyed,and the effectiveness was evaluated.Results After 6 months health education,citizens' health knowledge awareness and health behavior formation in 3 provinces all improved significance in general(P<0.05).Citizens' knowledge of intestinal infectious disease,TB,and maternal and child care had boosted enormously,and these awareness rates reached to 94.7%,81.8% and 82.1% respectively after intervention.Meanwhile,there were more villagers using separate towel,washing hands with soap and keeping pesticide properly,and the rates of them were increased by 12.2%,5.6% and 2.7% respectively.Conclusion The health education model that face-to-face transmission focus on focal point population,transmission materials handout guarantees coverage and special creative activities motivate enthusiasm has preliminary formed,thus should be carried out continuously.
引文
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