绵阳市地震灾区病媒生物控制与监测分析
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摘要
目的及时掌握地震灾区病媒生物密度变化情况,给灾区虫媒传染病、自然疫源性疾病以及人兽共患疾病的防治提供科学依据。方法从2008年6月13日至10月31日,在地震灾区北川县、平武县、安县和江油市的灾民安置点及其周围环境每周1次监测蚊、蝇、鼠密度。采用目测法测定蚊、蝇密度,采用鼠迹法测定鼠密度,对病媒生物防制效果进行问卷调查。结果蚊虫平均密度为4.60只/人工小时,较地震前(1.26只/人工小时)上升了265.08%;鼠类平均密度为0.74处/2000m,与历史鼠密度(0.32处/2000m)相比上升了131.25%;蝇类平均密度为0.35只/m2,较地震前(2.47只/m2)下降了85.83%。结论地震灾区病媒生物预防控制的各项措施得到落实,清除病媒生物孳生地及开展化学防治是控制病媒生物的有效措施。
Objective To monitor changes in population densities of disease vectors in the earthquake-stricken areas,providing evidence for the control and management of insect-borne diseases,natural-focus diseases and zoonoses. Methods Densities of mosquitoes,flies and rats were monitored on a weekly basis at the relocated settlements and their surroundings in the earthquake-stricken Beichuan county,Pingwu county,An county and Jiangyou city from June 13 to October 31,2008. The densities of mosquitoes and flies were visually determined; populations of rats were monitored using the trace method. Questionnaire survey was conducted on the effectiveness of the control of disease vector. Results The average density of mosquitoes was 4.60/man-hour,an increase of 265.08% compared to that before the earthquake (1.26/man-hour). The average density of rats was 0.74 nests/2000 m,an increase of 131.25% compared that in history (0.32 nests/2000 m). The average density of flies was 0.35/m2,a decrease of 85.83% compared to that before the earthquake (2.47/m2). Conclusion Various measures for eliminating four pests in earthquake-stricken areas have been implemented. Elimination of breeding grounds and implementation of vector control programs are effective measures to control disease vectors.
Objective To monitor changes in population densities of disease vectors in the earthquake-stricken areas,providing evidence for the control and management of insect-borne diseases,natural-focus diseases and zoonoses. Methods Densities of mosquitoes,flies and rats were monitored on a weekly basis at the relocated settlements and their surroundings in the earthquake-stricken Beichuan county,Pingwu county,An county and Jiangyou city from June 13 to October 31,2008. The densities of mosquitoes and flies were visually determined; populations of rats were monitored using the trace method. Questionnaire survey was conducted on the effectiveness of the control of disease vector. Results The average density of mosquitoes was 4.60/man-hour,an increase of 265.08% compared to that before the earthquake (1.26/man-hour). The average density of rats was 0.74 nests/2000 m,an increase of 131.25% compared that in history (0.32 nests/2000 m). The average density of flies was 0.35/m2,a decrease of 85.83% compared to that before the earthquake (2.47/m2). Conclusion Various measures for eliminating four pests in earthquake-stricken areas have been implemented. Elimination of breeding grounds and implementation of vector control programs are effective measures to control disease vectors.
引文
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[2]褚宏亮,周明浩,徐燕,等.四川地震灾区消毒与媒介生物控制[J].江苏卫生保健,2008,10(4):7-8.
[3]胡雅劼，刘起勇，钱薇萍，等.汶川地震灾区病媒生物监测分析[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2010,21(1):9-11.
[4]董大勇,蒋宝贵,邓永强,等.汶川特大地震灾区映秀镇的媒介生物监测[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2008,19(5):436-438.
[5]李平,章琪,田桢干,等.北川擂鼓震区卫生防疫消毒效果初步评价和传染病监测[J].中国国境卫生检疫杂志,2008,31(4):226-228.
[6]羊海涛,张连华,朱磷扬.震后北川县擂鼓镇区卫生防病工作做法与体会[J].江苏卫生保健,2008,10(4):2-4.
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