汶川地震孤儿的创伤后应激障碍和自我意识
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摘要
目的:了解震后6个月地震孤儿创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和自我意识的相互关系。方法:利用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表和儿童事件影响量表修订版对111名震后孤儿进行评定。结果:震后孤儿PTSD检出率为39.6%;除智力与学校情况、躯体外貌与属性两个维度之外,自我意识其它维度与PTSD症状成显著负相关,其中焦虑维度可显著预测PTSD。结论:低自我意识中的低焦虑得分可显著预测PTSD,震后及时的自我意识水平筛查可在一定程度指导孤儿心理援助工作。
Objective: To test the situation of PTSD and self-concept of the orphans after earthquake and explore the relationship between PTSD and self -concept. Methods: Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale and Piers -Harris Children’s Self-concept Scale were adopted to test 111 orphans after earthquake. The Correlation and Regression analysis were used to investigate the relationship between PTSD and self-concept. Results: 39.6% orphans were screened to have PTSD. 38 orphans of all had low self-concept(34.2%). Except Intellectual and School Status and Physical Appearance and Attributes, other factors of self-concept were negative related to PTSD. Moreover, Freedom from Anxiety (FRE) was a significant predictor of PTSD. Conclusion: Low score of FRE can predict PTSD and screen the level of self-concept in time after earthquake can to some extent guide the psychological aid for orphans.
Objective: To test the situation of PTSD and self-concept of the orphans after earthquake and explore the relationship between PTSD and self -concept. Methods: Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale and Piers -Harris Children’s Self-concept Scale were adopted to test 111 orphans after earthquake. The Correlation and Regression analysis were used to investigate the relationship between PTSD and self-concept. Results: 39.6% orphans were screened to have PTSD. 38 orphans of all had low self-concept(34.2%). Except Intellectual and School Status and Physical Appearance and Attributes, other factors of self-concept were negative related to PTSD. Moreover, Freedom from Anxiety (FRE) was a significant predictor of PTSD. Conclusion: Low score of FRE can predict PTSD and screen the level of self-concept in time after earthquake can to some extent guide the psychological aid for orphans.
引文
1张本,张凤阁,王丽萍,等.30年后唐山地震所致孤儿创伤后应激障碍现患率调查.中国心理卫生杂志,2008,22(6):469-473
2张本,王学义,孙贺祥,等.唐山大地震孤儿远期心身健康的调查研究.中国心理卫生杂志,2000,14(01):17-19
3张本,王学义,孙贺祥,等.唐山大地震所致孤儿心理创伤后应激障碍的调查.中华精神科杂志,2000,33(02):111-114
4秦虹云,季建林.PTSD及其危机干预.中国心理卫生杂志,2003,17(9):614-616
5Perrin S,Meiser-Stedman R,Smith P.The children’s rev-ised impact of event scale(CRIES):Validity as a screening instrument for PTSD.Behavioural and Cognitive Psychot-herapy,2005,33:487-498
6Yule W,Bolton D,Udwin O,et al.The long-term psycho-logical effects of a disaster experienced in adolescence:I:The incidence and course of PTSD.Journal of Child Psych-ology and Psychiatry,2000,41(4):503-511
7Bolton D,O’Ryan D,Udwin O,et al.The long-term psy-chological effects of a disaster experienced in adolescence:II:General psychopathology.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,2000,41(4):513-523
8Ali T,Dunmore E,Clark D,et al.The role of negative be-liefs in posttraumatic stress disorder:A comparison of ass-ault victims and non victims.Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy,2002,30(03):249-257
9Dekel R,Solomon Z,Elklit A,et al.World assumptions and combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder.The Journal of Social Psychology,2004,144(4):407-420
10Saigh PA,Yasik AE,Oberfield R,et al.The self-concept of traumatized children and adolescents with or without PTSD.Behaviour Research and Therapy,2008,46:1181-1186
11王建平,王玉龙,谢伟,等.价值观对蓄意创伤受害者创伤后应激障碍症状的影响.心理学报,2007,39(5):873-879
12Smith P,Perrin S,Dyregrov A,et al.Principal components analysis of the impact of event scale with children in war.Personality and Individual Differences,2003,34(2):315-322
13苏林雁,罗学荣,张纪水,等.儿童自我意识量表的中国城市常模.中国心理卫生杂志,2002,16(1):31-34
14赵丞智,李俊福,王明山,等.地震后17个月受灾青少年PTSD及其相关因素.中国心理卫生杂志,2001,15(3):145-147
15廖强,张建新,付登金,等.汶川地震后1月成都市区中学生心理状况.预防医学情报杂志,2008,24(12):930-932
16Roussos A,Goenjian A K,Steinberg AM,et al.Posttrau-matic stress and depressive reactions among children and adolescents after the1999earthquake in Ano Liosia,Gree-ce.American Journal of Psychiatry,2005,162(3):530-537
17Shannon MP,Lonigan CJ,Jr Finch AJ,et al.Children exp-osed to disaster:I.Epidemiology of post-traumatic sympt-oms and symptom profiles.J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry,1994,33(1):80-93
18Marsh HW,Parada RH,Ayotte V.A multidimensional per-spective of relations between self-concept(Self Description Questionnaire II)and adolescent mental health(Youth Self-Report).Psychological Assessment,2004,16(1):27-41
19Hsu C,Chong M,Yang P,et al.Posttraumatic stress disor-der among adolescent Earthquake victims in Taiwan.AM.ACAD.Child Adolesc.Psychiatry,2002,41(7):875-881
2张本,王学义,孙贺祥,等.唐山大地震孤儿远期心身健康的调查研究.中国心理卫生杂志,2000,14(01):17-19
3张本,王学义,孙贺祥,等.唐山大地震所致孤儿心理创伤后应激障碍的调查.中华精神科杂志,2000,33(02):111-114
4秦虹云,季建林.PTSD及其危机干预.中国心理卫生杂志,2003,17(9):614-616
5Perrin S,Meiser-Stedman R,Smith P.The children’s rev-ised impact of event scale(CRIES):Validity as a screening instrument for PTSD.Behavioural and Cognitive Psychot-herapy,2005,33:487-498
6Yule W,Bolton D,Udwin O,et al.The long-term psycho-logical effects of a disaster experienced in adolescence:I:The incidence and course of PTSD.Journal of Child Psych-ology and Psychiatry,2000,41(4):503-511
7Bolton D,O’Ryan D,Udwin O,et al.The long-term psy-chological effects of a disaster experienced in adolescence:II:General psychopathology.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,2000,41(4):513-523
8Ali T,Dunmore E,Clark D,et al.The role of negative be-liefs in posttraumatic stress disorder:A comparison of ass-ault victims and non victims.Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy,2002,30(03):249-257
9Dekel R,Solomon Z,Elklit A,et al.World assumptions and combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder.The Journal of Social Psychology,2004,144(4):407-420
10Saigh PA,Yasik AE,Oberfield R,et al.The self-concept of traumatized children and adolescents with or without PTSD.Behaviour Research and Therapy,2008,46:1181-1186
11王建平,王玉龙,谢伟,等.价值观对蓄意创伤受害者创伤后应激障碍症状的影响.心理学报,2007,39(5):873-879
12Smith P,Perrin S,Dyregrov A,et al.Principal components analysis of the impact of event scale with children in war.Personality and Individual Differences,2003,34(2):315-322
13苏林雁,罗学荣,张纪水,等.儿童自我意识量表的中国城市常模.中国心理卫生杂志,2002,16(1):31-34
14赵丞智,李俊福,王明山,等.地震后17个月受灾青少年PTSD及其相关因素.中国心理卫生杂志,2001,15(3):145-147
15廖强,张建新,付登金,等.汶川地震后1月成都市区中学生心理状况.预防医学情报杂志,2008,24(12):930-932
16Roussos A,Goenjian A K,Steinberg AM,et al.Posttrau-matic stress and depressive reactions among children and adolescents after the1999earthquake in Ano Liosia,Gree-ce.American Journal of Psychiatry,2005,162(3):530-537
17Shannon MP,Lonigan CJ,Jr Finch AJ,et al.Children exp-osed to disaster:I.Epidemiology of post-traumatic sympt-oms and symptom profiles.J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry,1994,33(1):80-93
18Marsh HW,Parada RH,Ayotte V.A multidimensional per-spective of relations between self-concept(Self Description Questionnaire II)and adolescent mental health(Youth Self-Report).Psychological Assessment,2004,16(1):27-41
19Hsu C,Chong M,Yang P,et al.Posttraumatic stress disor-der among adolescent Earthquake victims in Taiwan.AM.ACAD.Child Adolesc.Psychiatry,2002,41(7):875-881
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