汶川地震救援官兵睡眠质量与睡眠自适应的关系研究
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摘要
目的:考察汶川地震救援官兵在连续作业状态下睡眠质量及其与睡眠自适应的关系。方法:采用匹兹堡睡眠质量问卷,在地震爆发后约65天左右,对122名救援官兵进行调查;采用匹兹堡睡眠质量问卷和军人睡眠自适应量表,在地震爆发后约102天,对2000名救援官兵进行调查。结果:地震救援官兵在执行任务中睡眠质量差者占72%,结束任务后睡眠质量差者占30%。两组睡眠质量各分量表得分除"催眠药物"因素外均有显著差异;救援官兵的睡眠自适应水平偏低,平均分为2.74,低于理论中点分3分;睡眠质量与睡眠自适应水平之间的关系较为密切,除了与对睡眠的影响因素相关不显著外(相关系数为-.027),与睡眠自适应总体水平及其5个因子的相关在.16-.533之间(P<0.001);睡眠的积极暗示、睡眠的抗干扰力和睡眠的积极态度等3个因子是影响军人睡眠质量总体水平的主要因素。结论:使官兵形成和睡眠有关的积极、正确的信念与态度能够有效改善人们的睡眠质量。
Objective: To investigate the sleep quality and the correlations with sleep self-adaptation under a sustained operations among rescue soldiers after May 12 Wenchuan earthquake.Methods: 122 soldiers completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) after 65 days of the earthquake;2000 soldiers completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and the Soldier Sleep Self-Adaptation Scale(SSSAS) after 102 days of the earthquake.Results: 72 % of rescue soldiers had poor sleep quality in the execution of the task,and 30 % of them had poor sleep quality after the mission.There are significant difference among the components except "Use of Medicine".The average level of sleep self-adaptation of rescue soldiers was 2.74,below the theoretical midpoint "3".There were significant positive correlations between the sleep quality and the global level of sleep self-adaptation and it's 6 factors(rs = 0.16~0.533,Ps <0.001),except the factor of affecting sleep(r =-0.027).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the major determinants of the sleep quality were the factors of positive attitudes about sleep,the positive self-suggestions on sleep and the ability of anti-disturbance of sleep.Conclusion: The positive and appropriate attitudes and beliefs about sleep are of benefit to sleep quality.
Objective: To investigate the sleep quality and the correlations with sleep self-adaptation under a sustained operations among rescue soldiers after May 12 Wenchuan earthquake.Methods: 122 soldiers completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) after 65 days of the earthquake;2000 soldiers completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and the Soldier Sleep Self-Adaptation Scale(SSSAS) after 102 days of the earthquake.Results: 72 % of rescue soldiers had poor sleep quality in the execution of the task,and 30 % of them had poor sleep quality after the mission.There are significant difference among the components except "Use of Medicine".The average level of sleep self-adaptation of rescue soldiers was 2.74,below the theoretical midpoint "3".There were significant positive correlations between the sleep quality and the global level of sleep self-adaptation and it's 6 factors(rs = 0.16~0.533,Ps <0.001),except the factor of affecting sleep(r =-0.027).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the major determinants of the sleep quality were the factors of positive attitudes about sleep,the positive self-suggestions on sleep and the ability of anti-disturbance of sleep.Conclusion: The positive and appropriate attitudes and beliefs about sleep are of benefit to sleep quality.
引文
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[9]崔红,胡军生.军人睡眠自适应量表的编制.中国临床心理学杂志,2011,19(1):31-34Cui Hong,Hu Jun-sheng.Development and validation of the soldiersleep self-adaptation scale[J].Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology,2011,19(1):31-34(In Chinese)
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[11]王金虹,高国红.飞行员睡眠质量调查分析[J].临床军医杂志,2005,33:348-349Wang Jin-hong,Gao Guo-hong.Investigation on Sleep Quality inPilot[J].Clin J Med Offic,2005,33:348-349(In Chinese)
[12]How JM,Foo SL,Low E,et al.Effects of sleep deprivation on perfor-mances of Naval seamen:I.Total sleep deprivation on performance[J].Ann A cad Med Singapore,1994,23:669-671
[13]马强,宋康兴,杨雪,等.519名地震救援人员心理应激状况调查与相关因素分析.军医进修学院学报,2008,29(4):249-250Ma Qiang,Song Kang-xing,Yang Xue,et al.Analysis of the psycho-logical stress state and associated factors of 519 earthquake rescueworkers.Academic Journal of PLA Postgraduate Medical School,2008,29(4):249-250(In Chinese)
[14]Harvey AG.A cognitive model of insomnia[J].Behaviour Researchand Therapy,2002,40:869-893
[15]张卫强,孙天胜,赵京,等."便携式数字化心理健康筛查测评仪"对汶川抗震救灾部队军人心理健康状态的调查评估[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(1):32-34Zhang Wei-qiang,Sun Tian-sheng,Zhao Jing,et al.Survey on Psy-chological State of Rescuing Officers and Soldiers by Using the Digi-tal Psychological Health Evaluation Instrument during WenchuanEarthquake[J].China Journal of Health Psychology,2011,19(1):32-34(In Chinese)
[16]Lundh LG.,Broman JE.Insomnia as an interaction between sleep-in-terfering and sleep-interpreting processes[J].Journal of PsychosomaticResearch,2000,49:299-310
[17]Witeveen A B,Bramsen I,Twisk J W,et al.Psychological distress ofrescue workers eight and one-half years after professional involve-ment in the Amsterdam air disaster[J].Journal of Nervous&MentalDisease,2007,195(1):31
[18]Kroenke K,Spitzer RL,WiUiam S JB,et a1.The Patient HealthQuestionnaire Somatic,Anxiety,and Depressive Symptom Scales:asystematic review[J].Gen Hosp Psychiatry,2010,32(4):345-359
[19]Peleg K,Reuveni H,Stein M.Earthquake disasters and lessons to belearned[J].MAJ,2002,4(5):361-365
[2]Jones E,Vermaas R H,McCartney H,et al.Flash backs and post-trau-matic stress disorder:the genes is of a 20th-century diagnosis[J].BrJP sychiatry,2003,182(2):8-10
[3]张理义.临床心理学[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2004:209-210Zhang Li-yi.Clinical psychology[M].Beijing:People's Military Med-ical Press,2004:209-210(In Chinese)
[4]赵静波,解亚宁,任忠文,等.高原军人的睡眠质量及其影响因素的研究[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志,2006,32:154-156Zhao Jing-bo,Xie Ya-ning,Ren Zhong-wen,et al.Sleep quality andits influencing factors of the soldiers at high altitude[J].Chinese Journalof Nervous and Mental Diseases,2006,32:154-156(In Chinese)
[5]李婧,王家同,苏衡,等.某医科大学科研人员睡眠质量及其相关影响因素分析[J].第四军医大学学报,2006,27:325-328Li Jing,Wang Jia-tong,Su Heng,et al.Analysis of sleep quality andrelated impact factors in research staff of a medical university[J].JFourth Mil Med Univ,2006,27:325-328(In Chinese)
[6]崔红,胡军生.中国军人睡眠自适应能力与睡眠质量的关系[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2010,19(8):726-729Cui Hong,Hu Jun-sheng.Influence of Sleep Self-adaptation on SleepQuality in Chinese Military Personnel[J].Chinese Journal of Behav-ioral Medical and Brain Science,2010,19(8):726-729(In Chinese)
[7]Buysse DJ,Reynolds CF,Monk Th,et al.The Pittsburgh sleep qualityindex:a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research[J].Psy-chiatry Research,1989,28:193
[8]刘贤臣,唐茂芹,胡蕾,等.匹兹堡睡眠质量指数的信度和效度研究[J].中华精神科杂志,1996,29(2):103-107Liu Xian-chen,Tang Mao-qin,Hu Lei,et al.Reliability and validityof the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index[J].Chin J Psychiatry,1996,29(2):103-107(In Chinese)
[9]崔红,胡军生.军人睡眠自适应量表的编制.中国临床心理学杂志,2011,19(1):31-34Cui Hong,Hu Jun-sheng.Development and validation of the soldiersleep self-adaptation scale[J].Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology,2011,19(1):31-34(In Chinese)
[10]徐青华,孙昊.军队专业技术人员心理卫生与应对方式及睡眠状况调查[J].实用医药杂志,2007,24(2):227-228Xu Qing-hua,Sun Hao.Investigation on mental health,coping stylesand sleep in the army of professional and technical personnel[J].PracJMed&Pharm,2007,24(2):227-228(In Chinese)
[11]王金虹,高国红.飞行员睡眠质量调查分析[J].临床军医杂志,2005,33:348-349Wang Jin-hong,Gao Guo-hong.Investigation on Sleep Quality inPilot[J].Clin J Med Offic,2005,33:348-349(In Chinese)
[12]How JM,Foo SL,Low E,et al.Effects of sleep deprivation on perfor-mances of Naval seamen:I.Total sleep deprivation on performance[J].Ann A cad Med Singapore,1994,23:669-671
[13]马强,宋康兴,杨雪,等.519名地震救援人员心理应激状况调查与相关因素分析.军医进修学院学报,2008,29(4):249-250Ma Qiang,Song Kang-xing,Yang Xue,et al.Analysis of the psycho-logical stress state and associated factors of 519 earthquake rescueworkers.Academic Journal of PLA Postgraduate Medical School,2008,29(4):249-250(In Chinese)
[14]Harvey AG.A cognitive model of insomnia[J].Behaviour Researchand Therapy,2002,40:869-893
[15]张卫强,孙天胜,赵京,等."便携式数字化心理健康筛查测评仪"对汶川抗震救灾部队军人心理健康状态的调查评估[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(1):32-34Zhang Wei-qiang,Sun Tian-sheng,Zhao Jing,et al.Survey on Psy-chological State of Rescuing Officers and Soldiers by Using the Digi-tal Psychological Health Evaluation Instrument during WenchuanEarthquake[J].China Journal of Health Psychology,2011,19(1):32-34(In Chinese)
[16]Lundh LG.,Broman JE.Insomnia as an interaction between sleep-in-terfering and sleep-interpreting processes[J].Journal of PsychosomaticResearch,2000,49:299-310
[17]Witeveen A B,Bramsen I,Twisk J W,et al.Psychological distress ofrescue workers eight and one-half years after professional involve-ment in the Amsterdam air disaster[J].Journal of Nervous&MentalDisease,2007,195(1):31
[18]Kroenke K,Spitzer RL,WiUiam S JB,et a1.The Patient HealthQuestionnaire Somatic,Anxiety,and Depressive Symptom Scales:asystematic review[J].Gen Hosp Psychiatry,2010,32(4):345-359
[19]Peleg K,Reuveni H,Stein M.Earthquake disasters and lessons to belearned[J].MAJ,2002,4(5):361-365
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