汶川地震后3个月和6个月男性救援者创伤后应激障碍比较研究
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摘要
目的探讨汶川地震后3个月和6个月在男性救援者创伤后应激障碍症状发生情况。方法采用随机抽样方法,对震后3个月1182名和6个月1604名男性救援者进行人口学资料和创伤后应激障碍检查问卷(PLC-C)调查。结果震后3个月和6个月时的2个随机样本在人口学资料中无显著性差异(P>0.05)。3个月时PCL-C测评平均得分显著低于6个月时的得分(t=15.63,P<0.001)。得分大于38分即可能患有PTSD的人员百分率也明显低于6个月时(1.02%V S.4.30%;χ2=26.04,P<0.001)。此外,3个月时回避或麻木因子(t=35.04,P<0.001)和警觉性增高因子(t=14.23,P<0.001)均较6个月时得分低。而创伤体验重现因子(t=11.47,P<0.001)较6个月时得分高。结论汶川地震后3个月和6个月时男性救援者的PTSD症状在加重,PTSD患病率增高。此外,救援者创伤体验重现症状随着时间而缓解,而回避或麻木、警觉性增高症状却出现加重趋势。
Objective To explore the symptoms of male-rescuers' posttraumatic stress disorder in the 3th months and in the 6th month after the Wenchuan Earthquake.Methods A total of 1182 and 1604 male-rescuers were assessed with the Demographics Characteristics Check and the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version(PLC-C) in the 3th months and in 6th mouths after Wenchuan Earthquake.Results The significant differences of demographics characteristics did not be found between the 3th month's group and the 6th month's group(P>0.05).The scores on the PCLC in the 3th month's group were significantly higher than that in the 6th month's group(t=15.63,P<0.001).The persons possibly suffering with PTSD(the scores up 38) in the 3th month's group were less than in the 6th month's group(1.02%vs 4.30%,χ2=26.04,P<0.001).Both the factor of avoidance/cold and the factor of sustained hyperviligance showed lower scores in the 3th month's group compared with the 6th month's group(t=35.04,P<0.001;t=14.23,P<0.001),however,the factor of flashback had higher scores(t=11.47,P<0.001).Conclusion The symptom of PTSD for the male-rescuers became obvious in a bad way from the 3th month to the 6th month after Wenchuan Earthquake.Namely it was impossible that the incidence of PTSD increased.In addition,flashback symptoms were alleviated along with times,avoidance/cold and sustained hyperviligance were aggravated.
Objective To explore the symptoms of male-rescuers' posttraumatic stress disorder in the 3th months and in the 6th month after the Wenchuan Earthquake.Methods A total of 1182 and 1604 male-rescuers were assessed with the Demographics Characteristics Check and the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version(PLC-C) in the 3th months and in 6th mouths after Wenchuan Earthquake.Results The significant differences of demographics characteristics did not be found between the 3th month's group and the 6th month's group(P>0.05).The scores on the PCLC in the 3th month's group were significantly higher than that in the 6th month's group(t=15.63,P<0.001).The persons possibly suffering with PTSD(the scores up 38) in the 3th month's group were less than in the 6th month's group(1.02%vs 4.30%,χ2=26.04,P<0.001).Both the factor of avoidance/cold and the factor of sustained hyperviligance showed lower scores in the 3th month's group compared with the 6th month's group(t=35.04,P<0.001;t=14.23,P<0.001),however,the factor of flashback had higher scores(t=11.47,P<0.001).Conclusion The symptom of PTSD for the male-rescuers became obvious in a bad way from the 3th month to the 6th month after Wenchuan Earthquake.Namely it was impossible that the incidence of PTSD increased.In addition,flashback symptoms were alleviated along with times,avoidance/cold and sustained hyperviligance were aggravated.
引文
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[2]Schnyder U.Post-traumatic stress disorder:diagnostic and thera-peutic principles[J].Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax,2003,92(8):337-343
[3]Costello E J,Erkanli A,Fairbank J A,et al.The prevalence of poten-tially traumatic events in childhood and adolescence[J].J Traum aStress,2002,15(2):99-112
[4]Bokszczanin A.Parental support,family conflict,and overprotec-tiveness:predicting PTSD symptom levels of adolescents 28 monthsafter a natural disaster[J].Anxiety Stress Coping,2008,21(4):325-335
[5]Dobie D J,Kivlahan D R,Maynard C,et al.Screening for post-trau-matic stress disorder in female Veteran's Affairs patients:validationof the PTSD check list[J].J General hospital psychiatry,2002,24(6):367-374
[6]汪向东,赵丞智,新福尚隆,等.地震后创伤性应激障碍的发生率及影响因素[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1999,13(1):28-30
[7]Pynoos R S,Goenjian A,Tashjian M,et al.Post-traumatic stressreaction in children after the 1988 American earthquake in Armenia[J].J Am Psychiatry,1994,151:895-901
[8]Johnsen G E,Asbjornsen A E.Consistent impaired verbal memoryin PTSD:a meta-analysis[J].J Affect Disorder 2008:111(1):74-82
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