汶川地震幸存儿童执行功能与创伤后应激症状关系
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摘要
目的探讨儿童执行功能与地震导致的创伤后应激症状之间的关系。方法采用儿童事件影响量表修订版(children s revised impact of event scale,CRIES)评估汶川地震1年后409名幸存儿童的创伤后应激症状,从中随机选取30例创伤后应激症状严重者(CRIES总分≥30)作为研究组,同时选取创伤后应激症状轻微者(CRIES总分<30)30名以及无地震经历的儿童30名为对照组,3组儿童在性别、年龄和智力水平上严格匹配。采用执行功能测验对所有被试进行测验。结果 3组儿童在数字刷新反应时、图形刷新反应时、数字转换所需时间、图形转换所需时间、数字虚报率和图形虚报率六项执行功能测验的得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论地震1年后未见地震所致的创伤后应激症状与儿童的执行功能存在关联。
Objective To investigate the relationship between executive function and earthquake-related posttraumatic stress symptoms of children.Methods Children's revised impact of event scale(CRIES)is used to evalulate children's posttraumatic stress symptoms in the study.Thirty children with high level of posttraumatic stress symptoms(CRIES total score≥30)and thirty children with low level of posttraumatic stress symptoms(CRIES total score<30)were chosen from 409 Wenchuan earthquake survived children.Thirty gender-,age-,and intelligence quotient(IQ)-matched children who did not experience the earthquake were chosen as controls.The executive function was tested for all children.Results The three groups did not statistically differ on digit updating reaction time,figure updating reaction time,digit shifting reaction time,figure shifting reaction time,digit rate of commission error,and figure rate of commission error(All P>0.05).Conclusions There was no relationship between executive function and post traumatic stress symptoms of children one year after Wenchuan Earthquake.
Objective To investigate the relationship between executive function and earthquake-related posttraumatic stress symptoms of children.Methods Children's revised impact of event scale(CRIES)is used to evalulate children's posttraumatic stress symptoms in the study.Thirty children with high level of posttraumatic stress symptoms(CRIES total score≥30)and thirty children with low level of posttraumatic stress symptoms(CRIES total score<30)were chosen from 409 Wenchuan earthquake survived children.Thirty gender-,age-,and intelligence quotient(IQ)-matched children who did not experience the earthquake were chosen as controls.The executive function was tested for all children.Results The three groups did not statistically differ on digit updating reaction time,figure updating reaction time,digit shifting reaction time,figure shifting reaction time,digit rate of commission error,and figure rate of commission error(All P>0.05).Conclusions There was no relationship between executive function and post traumatic stress symptoms of children one year after Wenchuan Earthquake.
引文
[1]郑毅.汶川地震对儿童的心理影响及救助措施[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志,2008,34(9):519-521.
[2]Perry BD,Pollard RA,Blakley TL,et al.Childhood trauma,the neurobiology of adaptation and“use-dependent”development of the brain:how“states”become“traits”[J].Infant Ment Health J,1995,16(4):271-291.
[3]Victor GC,Garrett A,Menon V,et al.Posttraumatic stress symp-toms and brain function during a response-inhibition task an fMRI study in youth[J].Depress Anxiety,2008,25(6):514-526.
[4]Giannopoulou I,Smith P,Ecker C,et al.Factor Structure of the Children s exposed to Earthquake.Pers Indiv Differ,2006,40(5):1027-1037.
[5]陈天勇,李德明.执行功能的可分离性及与年龄变量的潜变量分析[J].心理学报,2005,37(2):210-217.
[6]Miyake A,Friedman NP,Emerson MJ,et al.The Unity and Di-versity of Executive Functions and Their Contributions to Complex“Frontal Lobe”Tasks:A Latent Variable Analysis[J].Cognit Psychol,2000,41(1):49-100.
[7]Chen YN,Mitra S,Schlaghecken F.Sub-processes of working memory in the N-back task:An investigation using ERPs[J].Clin Neurophysiol,2008,119(7):1546-1559.
[8]Hillman CH,Kramer AF,Belopolsky AV,et al.Across-sectional examination of age and physical activity on performance and event-related brain potentials in a task switching paradigm[J].Int J Psy-chophysiol,2006,59(1):30-39.
[9]Zhang BW,Zhao L,Xu J.Electrophysiological activity underlying inhibitory control processes in late-life depression:A Go/Nogo study[J].Neurosci Lett,2007,419(3):225-230.
[10]Parslow RA,Jorm AF.Pretrauma and posttrauma neurocognitive functioning and PTSD symptoms in a community sample of young adults[J].Am J Psychiat,2007,164(3):509-515.
[11]Beers SR,De Bellis MD.Neuropsychological function in children with maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder[J].Am J Psychiat,2002,159(3):483-486.
[12]陈树林,李凌江,汪永光.前扣带回与创伤后应激障碍关系的功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志,2008,34(7):406-409.
[2]Perry BD,Pollard RA,Blakley TL,et al.Childhood trauma,the neurobiology of adaptation and“use-dependent”development of the brain:how“states”become“traits”[J].Infant Ment Health J,1995,16(4):271-291.
[3]Victor GC,Garrett A,Menon V,et al.Posttraumatic stress symp-toms and brain function during a response-inhibition task an fMRI study in youth[J].Depress Anxiety,2008,25(6):514-526.
[4]Giannopoulou I,Smith P,Ecker C,et al.Factor Structure of the Children s exposed to Earthquake.Pers Indiv Differ,2006,40(5):1027-1037.
[5]陈天勇,李德明.执行功能的可分离性及与年龄变量的潜变量分析[J].心理学报,2005,37(2):210-217.
[6]Miyake A,Friedman NP,Emerson MJ,et al.The Unity and Di-versity of Executive Functions and Their Contributions to Complex“Frontal Lobe”Tasks:A Latent Variable Analysis[J].Cognit Psychol,2000,41(1):49-100.
[7]Chen YN,Mitra S,Schlaghecken F.Sub-processes of working memory in the N-back task:An investigation using ERPs[J].Clin Neurophysiol,2008,119(7):1546-1559.
[8]Hillman CH,Kramer AF,Belopolsky AV,et al.Across-sectional examination of age and physical activity on performance and event-related brain potentials in a task switching paradigm[J].Int J Psy-chophysiol,2006,59(1):30-39.
[9]Zhang BW,Zhao L,Xu J.Electrophysiological activity underlying inhibitory control processes in late-life depression:A Go/Nogo study[J].Neurosci Lett,2007,419(3):225-230.
[10]Parslow RA,Jorm AF.Pretrauma and posttrauma neurocognitive functioning and PTSD symptoms in a community sample of young adults[J].Am J Psychiat,2007,164(3):509-515.
[11]Beers SR,De Bellis MD.Neuropsychological function in children with maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder[J].Am J Psychiat,2002,159(3):483-486.
[12]陈树林,李凌江,汪永光.前扣带回与创伤后应激障碍关系的功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志,2008,34(7):406-409.
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