地震灾区中学生PSS与PTSD趋势及相关分析
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摘要
目的探讨"5.12"汶川地震后灾区中学生创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)阳性率和领悟社会支持(PSS)的变化趋势,以及PSS对PTSD的影响。方法使用创伤后应激障碍症状清单平民版(PCL-C)和领悟社会支持量表(PSSS),对5.12汶川地震灾区3所中学1 966名中学生先后进行3次自填式问卷随访调查。结果 3次调查PTSD筛查阳性率(χ2趋势=65.440,P<0.001)和严重程度变化(χ2趋势=48.368、P<0.001;Gamm a=-0.168、P<0.001)均呈下降趋势;3次调查PSS总平均分差异无统计学意义,总平均分为(59.19±11.08)分;多元Logistic回归分析发现领悟各方面社会支持均是PTSD发生的保护因素。结论稳定的社会支持促使部分PTSD阳性患者恢复了心理健康,今后应进一步加强灾区中学生尤其是PTSD阳性学生各方面的社会支持。
Objective To explore the changing tendency of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) and perceived social support(PSS) and the relationship between them among secondary school students in Wenchuan after the May 12 earthquake.Methods A total of 1 966 students from three secondary schools of Wenchuan were evaluated with PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C) and Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS) three times after the earthquake.Results The general incidence rate(χ2=66.622,P<0.001) and severity(χ2=70.762,P<0.001;Gamma=-0.168,P<0.001) of PTSD of the three surveys showed a decreasing tendency.The overall average score of PSSS for the three surveys showed no difference with a mean of 59.19±11.08.Logistic regression analyses showed that the comprehension of all aspects of social support was a protective factor for PTSD.Conclusion Stable social support can promote mental health of PTSD patients and should be strengthened especially among the students with positive PTSD symptoms.
Objective To explore the changing tendency of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) and perceived social support(PSS) and the relationship between them among secondary school students in Wenchuan after the May 12 earthquake.Methods A total of 1 966 students from three secondary schools of Wenchuan were evaluated with PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C) and Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS) three times after the earthquake.Results The general incidence rate(χ2=66.622,P<0.001) and severity(χ2=70.762,P<0.001;Gamma=-0.168,P<0.001) of PTSD of the three surveys showed a decreasing tendency.The overall average score of PSSS for the three surveys showed no difference with a mean of 59.19±11.08.Logistic regression analyses showed that the comprehension of all aspects of social support was a protective factor for PTSD.Conclusion Stable social support can promote mental health of PTSD patients and should be strengthened especially among the students with positive PTSD symptoms.
引文
[1]叶俊杰.大学生领悟社会支持的影响因素研究[J].心理科学,2005,28(6):1468-1470.
[2]American Psychiatric Association(1994).Diagnostic and statisticalmanual of mental disorders,IV Edition[M].Washington:APA,1994:424-429.
[3]姜乾金.领悟社会支持量表[J].中国行为医学科学,2001,10(10):特刊41-43.
[4]Rodriguez N,Steinberg AS,Saltzman WS,et al.PTSD index:psycho-metric analyses of the adolescent version.Symposium conducted atthe annual meeting of the Nternational Society for Traumatic StressStudies[M].New Orleans,LA:2001,12:6-9.
[5]汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册[J].增订版.北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:132-133,195-197,235-237.
[6]赵高锋,杨彦春,张强,等.汶川地震极重灾区社区居民创伤后应激障碍发生率及影响因素[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2009,23(7):145-147.
[7]王波,王安辉,承海,等.地震灾区居民创伤应激障碍调查[J].中国公共卫生,2009,25(9):1097-1099.
[8]刘贵浩,郭丽.地震后儿童创伤后应激障碍的症状及其治疗[J].中山大学学报:医学科学版,2008,29(6):649-653.
[2]American Psychiatric Association(1994).Diagnostic and statisticalmanual of mental disorders,IV Edition[M].Washington:APA,1994:424-429.
[3]姜乾金.领悟社会支持量表[J].中国行为医学科学,2001,10(10):特刊41-43.
[4]Rodriguez N,Steinberg AS,Saltzman WS,et al.PTSD index:psycho-metric analyses of the adolescent version.Symposium conducted atthe annual meeting of the Nternational Society for Traumatic StressStudies[M].New Orleans,LA:2001,12:6-9.
[5]汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册[J].增订版.北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:132-133,195-197,235-237.
[6]赵高锋,杨彦春,张强,等.汶川地震极重灾区社区居民创伤后应激障碍发生率及影响因素[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2009,23(7):145-147.
[7]王波,王安辉,承海,等.地震灾区居民创伤应激障碍调查[J].中国公共卫生,2009,25(9):1097-1099.
[8]刘贵浩,郭丽.地震后儿童创伤后应激障碍的症状及其治疗[J].中山大学学报:医学科学版,2008,29(6):649-653.
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