汶川地震后2年成都市高龄老干部PTSD及心身健康状况调查
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摘要
目的了解汶川震后成都市军队高龄老干部创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)及心身健康的变化情况。方法采用PTSD检查量表平民版(PCL-C)、奈尔健康问卷(CMI),在震后1个月、1年及2年后对亲历地震的成都市军队离退休老干部进行评估。结果根据DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准,汶川地震后1个月、1年、2年PTSD阳性率分别为20.59%、3.8%、3.09%,PTSD患者康奈尔健康问卷中多项分数均高于非PTSD老干部(P<0.01)。PTSD患者心绞痛、心律失常、高血压、功能性消化不良及睡眠障碍的发生频率显著高于非PTSD老干部(P<0.01)。所调查患者的躯体症状与心理状态关系密切(r=0.215～0.478,P<0.01)。结论震后2年成都市军队离退休老干部仍然存在一定的创伤后应激反应及多种躯体不适,需给予临床及心理医生共同关注、携手解决。
Objective To explore the characters of psychosomatic health of the elderly veterans in Chengdu 2 years after Wenchuan earthquake.Methods A total of 713 veterans in Chengdu were interviewed and assessed with PCL-C(Post-traumatic stress reaction checklist-Civilian Version),CMI(Cornell Medical Index).The PTSD patients diagnosis based on DSM-Ⅳ criteria.Results The prevalence of PTSD among these veterans was 3.09%.Multiple factors scores of CMI in veterans diagnosed PTSD were significantly higher than non-PTSD veterans(P<0.01).The incidences of angina pectoris,cardiac arrhythmia,hypertension,functional dyspepsia and sleep disorders in PTSD patients were significantly higher than those of non-PTSD elderly(P<0.01).There were significant relatively between somatization and psychological symptom(P<0.01).ConclusionWenchuan earthquake has obviously harm the somatic and mental health of the elderly veterans in Chengdu.Effective intervenes should be carry out by clinicians and psychologists to reduce the long-term influences on the elderly veterans.
Objective To explore the characters of psychosomatic health of the elderly veterans in Chengdu 2 years after Wenchuan earthquake.Methods A total of 713 veterans in Chengdu were interviewed and assessed with PCL-C(Post-traumatic stress reaction checklist-Civilian Version),CMI(Cornell Medical Index).The PTSD patients diagnosis based on DSM-Ⅳ criteria.Results The prevalence of PTSD among these veterans was 3.09%.Multiple factors scores of CMI in veterans diagnosed PTSD were significantly higher than non-PTSD veterans(P<0.01).The incidences of angina pectoris,cardiac arrhythmia,hypertension,functional dyspepsia and sleep disorders in PTSD patients were significantly higher than those of non-PTSD elderly(P<0.01).There were significant relatively between somatization and psychological symptom(P<0.01).ConclusionWenchuan earthquake has obviously harm the somatic and mental health of the elderly veterans in Chengdu.Effective intervenes should be carry out by clinicians and psychologists to reduce the long-term influences on the elderly veterans.
引文
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[2]汪向东.心理卫生评定量表手册[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1993年增刊,23～30
[3]中华医学会精神科分会编.CCMD-3[M].济南:山东科技出版社,2001,97～99
[4]范惠民,孙梅芹,肖欣荣,等.汶川地震后军队住院高龄老干部创伤后应激障碍调查[J].四川医学,2010,31(7):1012～1014
[5]Kessler RC,Sonnega A,Bromet E,et al.Posttraumatic stress disorderin the national comorbidity survey[J].Arch Gen Psychiatry,1995,52:1048～1060
[6]赵丞智,汪向东,高岚,等.张北尚义地震后创伤后应激障碍随访研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2000,14(6):361～363
[7]Breslau N.Outcomes of posttraumatic stress disorder[J].J Clin Psy-chiatry,2001,62(5):55～59
[8]伍志刚,刘爱忠,谭红,等.洪灾区成人PTSD及其危险因素的研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2003,11(3):173～175
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