地震灾区青少年心身健康分析及其干预性研究
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摘要
目的探讨汶川地震灾区青少年心身健康特点及影响因素,并观察干预效果。方法采用随机整群取样法,对867名地震灾区青少年(研究组)和1016名非地震灾区青少年(对照组)使用简易心身健康调查表进行测试,对研究组有心身障碍者进行针对性心理和药物干预。结果研究组心理因子分、躯体因子分、躯体总分、心理总分及心身总分均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。研究组女生在神经症状、焦虑状态、行为状态、其他情况、心理总分及心身总分上明显高于男生(P<0.01～0.05);高年龄段在骨骼肌肉症状、呼吸症状、心血管症状、神经症状、生殖泌尿症状、情绪状态、焦虑状态、行为状态、情感状态、其他情况、躯体总分、心理总分及心身总分上明显高于低年龄段(P<0.01～0.05)。研究组躯体症状与心理症状紧密相关(r为0.16～0.49,P<0.01);影响研究组心理总分的主要因素是年龄,其次是心理承受力;睡眠状态、年龄、行为状态则是躯体总分的主要影响因素。针对性心理和药物干预能有效缓解心身障碍者的心理和躯体症状。结论地震灾难对青少年心身健康损害明显,心理和药物干预效果明显。
Objective To explore the characters and influencing factors of psychosomatic health of the adolescents in Sichuan earthquake disaster area,and observe the effect of the intervention to those who suffered troubles.Methods By cluster random sampling,867 adolescents(Investigation Group) come from earthquake disaster area and 1016 not from earthquake disaster area(Control Group) were test by facility psychosomatic health scale.The suitable mental intervention and medication was performed to those produced psychosomatic health.Results All factor scores,total somatic score,total mental score and total psychosomatic score of investigation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.01).In investigation group,the factor scores of nerve,anxiety,behavior and other condition,total mental score and total psychosomatic score of the girls were obviously higher than those of the boys(P<0.01~0.05);the factor scores of bone-muscle,respiration,cardiovascular,nerve,urogenitale,emotion,anxiety,behavior,affection and other condition,total somatic score,total mental score and total psychosomatic score of the elder adolescents were significantly higher than those of the younger adolescents(P<0.01~0.05).The correlativity was found between mental status and somatic symptom of the investigation group(r was 0.16~0.49,P<0.01).The years of age were the main factors,resilience lesser factor,which had affected on the mental health of the earthquake disaster area adolescents,while sleeping,aging and behavior on somatic health.Mental and pharmaceutical intervention could availably relieve the symptoms of psychological and body.Conclusion It was seriously injury on the psychosomatic health of the adolescents in earthquake disaster area.There were significant effects on them with correctly mental intervention and medication.
Objective To explore the characters and influencing factors of psychosomatic health of the adolescents in Sichuan earthquake disaster area,and observe the effect of the intervention to those who suffered troubles.Methods By cluster random sampling,867 adolescents(Investigation Group) come from earthquake disaster area and 1016 not from earthquake disaster area(Control Group) were test by facility psychosomatic health scale.The suitable mental intervention and medication was performed to those produced psychosomatic health.Results All factor scores,total somatic score,total mental score and total psychosomatic score of investigation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.01).In investigation group,the factor scores of nerve,anxiety,behavior and other condition,total mental score and total psychosomatic score of the girls were obviously higher than those of the boys(P<0.01~0.05);the factor scores of bone-muscle,respiration,cardiovascular,nerve,urogenitale,emotion,anxiety,behavior,affection and other condition,total somatic score,total mental score and total psychosomatic score of the elder adolescents were significantly higher than those of the younger adolescents(P<0.01~0.05).The correlativity was found between mental status and somatic symptom of the investigation group(r was 0.16~0.49,P<0.01).The years of age were the main factors,resilience lesser factor,which had affected on the mental health of the earthquake disaster area adolescents,while sleeping,aging and behavior on somatic health.Mental and pharmaceutical intervention could availably relieve the symptoms of psychological and body.Conclusion It was seriously injury on the psychosomatic health of the adolescents in earthquake disaster area.There were significant effects on them with correctly mental intervention and medication.
引文
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8.Catherine So-kum.Trajectory of traumatic stress symptoms in the aftermath of extreme natural disaster:A study of adult Thai survivors of the 2004 southeast Asian earthquake and tsunami.Journal of Nervous&Mental Disease,2007;195(1):54-57.
9.Bromet E,Dew MA.Review of psychiatric epidemiolonic re-search on disasters.Epidemion Rev.1995;17(1):113-119.
10.Pvnoos RS,Goenjian A,Tashjian M,et al.Post-traumat-ic stress reaction in children after 1988 Aimenian earthquake in Amenia.Br J Psychiatry,1993;163:239-147.
11.赵丞智,李俊福,张华彪。地震后17个月受灾青少年PTSD及其相关因素。中国心理卫生杂志,2001;15(3):145-147.
12.张本,王学义,孙贺祥,等。唐山大地震孤儿远期心身健康的调查研究。中国心理卫生杂志,2000;14(1):17-19.
13.张理义,崔庶,高柏良,等。我国城镇居民心身健康状况的初步调查。解放军预防医学杂志,1994;12(2):109-113.
14.Martorell A,Tsakanikos E,Pereda A,et al.Mental health in adults with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities:the role of recent life events and traumatic experiences across the life span.J Nerv Ment Dis.2009;197(3):182-186.
15.Grinde B.Can the concept of discords help us find the cau-ses of mental diseases?Medical Hypotheses,2009;73(1):106-109.
16.张理义,宋梓祥,李光耀,等。抗震救灾官兵心身健康状况及影响因素。中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2009;18(3):201-203.
2.李学文,华琦。重大应激事件对人群身心健康的影响。首都医科大学学报,2003;24(4):487-489.
3.张理义,施建安,李光耀,等。灾难性事件对遇难者亲属躯体及心理健康的影响及其干预性研究。中国临床心理学杂志,2008;16(1):89-91.
4.张理义,高柏良,崔庶,等。中国人群心身健康常模结果的建立。美国中华心身医学杂志,1998;2(3):136.
5.张理义,严进。临床心理学(第2版)。北京:人民军医出版社,2008,416-447.
6.张理义,张琪。心理医生手册(第2版)。北京:人民军医出版社,2006,61-62、163.
7.Jones E,Vermaas RH,McCartney H,et al.Flashbacks and post-traumatic stress disorder:the genesis of a 20th-cen-tury diagnosis.Br J Psychiatry,2003;182(2):158-163.
8.Catherine So-kum.Trajectory of traumatic stress symptoms in the aftermath of extreme natural disaster:A study of adult Thai survivors of the 2004 southeast Asian earthquake and tsunami.Journal of Nervous&Mental Disease,2007;195(1):54-57.
9.Bromet E,Dew MA.Review of psychiatric epidemiolonic re-search on disasters.Epidemion Rev.1995;17(1):113-119.
10.Pvnoos RS,Goenjian A,Tashjian M,et al.Post-traumat-ic stress reaction in children after 1988 Aimenian earthquake in Amenia.Br J Psychiatry,1993;163:239-147.
11.赵丞智,李俊福,张华彪。地震后17个月受灾青少年PTSD及其相关因素。中国心理卫生杂志,2001;15(3):145-147.
12.张本,王学义,孙贺祥,等。唐山大地震孤儿远期心身健康的调查研究。中国心理卫生杂志,2000;14(1):17-19.
13.张理义,崔庶,高柏良,等。我国城镇居民心身健康状况的初步调查。解放军预防医学杂志,1994;12(2):109-113.
14.Martorell A,Tsakanikos E,Pereda A,et al.Mental health in adults with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities:the role of recent life events and traumatic experiences across the life span.J Nerv Ment Dis.2009;197(3):182-186.
15.Grinde B.Can the concept of discords help us find the cau-ses of mental diseases?Medical Hypotheses,2009;73(1):106-109.
16.张理义,宋梓祥,李光耀,等。抗震救灾官兵心身健康状况及影响因素。中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2009;18(3):201-203.
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