汶川地震与唐山地震卫生防疫比较研究
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摘要
[目的]探讨两次大地震灾后卫生防疫的成功经验与不足,为中国重大灾害卫生防疫工作提供参考。[方法]对比汶川与唐山大地震震后疫情和防疫措施,归纳成功因素,分析不足,提出改进对策。[结果]迅速建立防疫组织,开展饮水检测与消毒,无害化处理遇难者遗体,开展环境消杀灭和及时进行预防接种是保障"大灾之后无大疫"的重要措施。[结论]整合防疫体系,完善防疫标准,建立卫生评估方法,规划物资储备以及开发防疫装备,进一步提高灾害应急卫生防疫水平。
[Objective]To explore the successful experiences and deficiencies of anti-epidemic work in the two serious earthquakes,and provide the reference for disaster-related epidemic prevention.[Methods]By comparing the epidemic situations and prevention work in Tangshan and Wenchuan earthquakes,the paper summarized the successful factors and deficiencies,and proposed improvement strategies.[Results]Necessary actions included prompt establishment of the anti-epidemic organizations,testing and sterilization of drinking water,harmless disposal of the corpses,environment disinfection and cleaning and timely inoculation.[Conclusion]In order to improve our emergency anti-epidemic work in disasters,actions are necessary for integration of the epidemic prevention system,perfection of disease prevention standard,establishment of hygienic evaluation system,planning of material reservation and development of epidemic prevention equipment.
引文
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