地震后汶川县中学生心理健康的现状调查
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摘要
目的了解地震后汶川县中学生的心理健康现状,为震后开展心理援助和心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,应用心理健康症状自评量表对汶川县第一中学的1500名在校中学生进行问卷调查,并分析他们心理健康水平与性别和年级的关系。结果地震后汶川县中学生的SCL-90得分整体高于中国青年常模,且具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。男生SCL-90得分整体低于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年级学生的SCL-90总分存在差异(P=0.001)。其中初一年级的SCL-90总分最高,高二年级的SCL-90总分最低。结论①灾后心理援助必须持续进行,特别关注女性的抑郁、焦虑和恐怖情绪;②灾后心理问题生大大增加,在心理援助中必须认真筛查,区别对待,特别关注低年级的学生;③学习压力与地震后中学生心理健康的关系值得进一步研究。适当的学习压力或许有助于地震后学生心理状况的恢复。
Objective To understand the mental health status quo of middle and high school students after Wenchuan earthquake,to provide the basis to carry out psychological assistance and mental health education after the earthquake.MethodsBy cluster sampling method,the mental health symptom checklist 90(SCL-90) was surveyed in 1500 students of the first high school in Wenchuan County,the relationship between their mental health level and gender,age and impact factors were analyzed.ResultsAfter Wenchuan earthquake,school students' overall SCL-90 scores were higher than normal Chinese youth,with statistical significance(P<0.001).Boys' SCL-90 scores was lower than girls',with statistical significance(P<0.05).There was difference(P=0.001) among SCL-90 scores of students from different grades,in which the first grade in middle school was the highest and the second grade in high school was the lowest.Conclusion① Post-disaster psychological assistance must be sustained;special attention should be paid to girls' depression,anxiety and terror emotion.②Students with post-disaster psychological problems greatly increased,in psychological assistance they must be carefully screened and treated differently,and pay special attention to the students of the lower grades.③The relationship between learning pressure and students' mental health after earthquake is worth of further study.Appropriate pressure of learning may help students′ psychological condition recovery after the earthquake.
Objective To understand the mental health status quo of middle and high school students after Wenchuan earthquake,to provide the basis to carry out psychological assistance and mental health education after the earthquake.MethodsBy cluster sampling method,the mental health symptom checklist 90(SCL-90) was surveyed in 1500 students of the first high school in Wenchuan County,the relationship between their mental health level and gender,age and impact factors were analyzed.ResultsAfter Wenchuan earthquake,school students' overall SCL-90 scores were higher than normal Chinese youth,with statistical significance(P<0.001).Boys' SCL-90 scores was lower than girls',with statistical significance(P<0.05).There was difference(P=0.001) among SCL-90 scores of students from different grades,in which the first grade in middle school was the highest and the second grade in high school was the lowest.Conclusion① Post-disaster psychological assistance must be sustained;special attention should be paid to girls' depression,anxiety and terror emotion.②Students with post-disaster psychological problems greatly increased,in psychological assistance they must be carefully screened and treated differently,and pay special attention to the students of the lower grades.③The relationship between learning pressure and students' mental health after earthquake is worth of further study.Appropriate pressure of learning may help students′ psychological condition recovery after the earthquake.
引文
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[6]司徒明镜,张毅,邹可,等.汶川大地震后灾区儿童青少年心理健康状况调查[J].四川大学学报(医学版),2009,40(4):712
[2]王极盛,丁新华.中学生抑郁与其相关影响因素的综合研究[J].中国学校卫生,2003,24(4):336～337
[3]Cowell JM,Gross D,McNaughton D,et al.Depression and suicidal i-deation among american school-aged children[J].Res Theory NursPract,2005,19:77～94
[4]冯正直,张大均.中学生抑郁症状的流行病学特征研究[J].中国行为医学科学,2005,14(2):103～105
[5]王相兰,陶炯,温盛霖,等.汶川地震灾民的心理健康状况及影响因素[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版)2008,4:367～371
[6]司徒明镜,张毅,邹可,等.汶川大地震后灾区儿童青少年心理健康状况调查[J].四川大学学报(医学版),2009,40(4):712
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