汶川地震1年后重灾区丧亲者家庭功能的现状研究
|
摘要
目的:了解汶川地震1年后重灾区丧亲者家庭功能的现状,为丧亲家庭重建提供依据。方法:采用横断面调查法于汶川地震1年后对重灾区的264名丧亲者进行调查。结果:丧亲者家庭关怀功能总分为6.52±2.65,50%的丧亲者家庭关怀功能良好。丧亲者家庭亲密度28～83(64.22±9.18)分,适应性21～62(41.84±6.62)分。丧亲者家庭亲密度与非丧亲家庭相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而适应性与非丧亲家庭相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。丧亲者家庭3大类型以中间型为主约53.8%,平衡型约22.0%,极端型约24.2%;16种家庭类型中排列前3位的是亲密-僵硬型约24.6%,亲密-有规律型约19.7%,松散-僵硬型约19.3%。结论:汶川地震丧亲者家庭关怀功能受到不同程度损害,家庭类型以中间型为主,家庭适应性不良。在后期干预中要帮助丧亲者学会改善和提高家庭功能的有效技巧,更好地促进灾后丧亲者家庭重建。
Objective: To investigate the family function among the bereaved in hard-hit areas 1 year after Wenchuan earthquake and to provide basic information for family reconstruction.Methods: A cross-sectional study was used to survey 264 bereaved who were selected according to the criteria in hard-hit areas after Wenchuan earthquake.Results: The scores of family care function of the bereaved in hard-hit areas after Wenchuan earthquake were 6.52±2.65.Fifty percent of the participants’ family kept in good state.The scores of the bereaved family cohesion ranged from 28 to 83(64.22±9.18),and the scores of family adaptability ranged from 21 to 62(41.84±6.62).There was no significant difference in the score of family cohesion between the bereaved family and the non-bereaved family(P>0.05).But the score of the family adaptability of the bereaved family was significantly lower than that of the non-bereaved family(P<0.05).The bereaved family types were as follows: 22.0% balanced type,53.8% middle type and 24.2% extreme type.In the 16 family types,the "intimate-rigid"(24.6%),"intimate-regular"(19.7%) and "disengaged-rigid"(19.3%) type ranked the top three.Conclusion: The family care function of the bereaved in hard-hit areas after Wenchuan earthquake is damaged to different degrees.The main type of family is the middle type.The loss of relatives reduces the participant family adaptability.In the late intervention,we should help the bereaved improve and enhance family function,and promote family reconstruction of the bereaved.
Objective: To investigate the family function among the bereaved in hard-hit areas 1 year after Wenchuan earthquake and to provide basic information for family reconstruction.Methods: A cross-sectional study was used to survey 264 bereaved who were selected according to the criteria in hard-hit areas after Wenchuan earthquake.Results: The scores of family care function of the bereaved in hard-hit areas after Wenchuan earthquake were 6.52±2.65.Fifty percent of the participants’ family kept in good state.The scores of the bereaved family cohesion ranged from 28 to 83(64.22±9.18),and the scores of family adaptability ranged from 21 to 62(41.84±6.62).There was no significant difference in the score of family cohesion between the bereaved family and the non-bereaved family(P>0.05).But the score of the family adaptability of the bereaved family was significantly lower than that of the non-bereaved family(P<0.05).The bereaved family types were as follows: 22.0% balanced type,53.8% middle type and 24.2% extreme type.In the 16 family types,the "intimate-rigid"(24.6%),"intimate-regular"(19.7%) and "disengaged-rigid"(19.3%) type ranked the top three.Conclusion: The family care function of the bereaved in hard-hit areas after Wenchuan earthquake is damaged to different degrees.The main type of family is the middle type.The loss of relatives reduces the participant family adaptability.In the late intervention,we should help the bereaved improve and enhance family function,and promote family reconstruction of the bereaved.
引文
1.任凯.什邡地震灾区984名灾民心理健康调查[J].中国公共卫生管理,2008,24(3):243-244.REN Kai.Study on psychological health of 984 victims in disaster areain Shifang City[J].Chinese Journal of Public Health Management,2008,24(3):243-244.
2.刘丽.灾后的心理援助研究概述[J].考试周刊,2008,37(37):234-235.LIU Li.Overview of the psychological study of disaster assistance[J].Kaoshi Zhoukan,2008,37(37):234-235.
3.张作记.家庭关怀度指数[J].中国行为医学科学,2001,10(9):110.ZHANG Zuoji.Index of family care[J].Chinese Journal of BehavioralMedical Science,2001,10(9):110.
4.吕繁,曾光.家庭关怀度指数问卷测量脑血管病病人家庭功能的信度和效度研究[J].中国公共卫生,1999,15(11):987-988.LüFan,ZENG Guang.A study on validity and reliability of the familyAPGAR[J].Chinese Journal of Public Health,1999,15(11):987-988.
5.费立鹏,郑延平,邹定辉.家庭亲密度和适应性量表中文版[J].中国心理卫生杂志(增刊),1993,7(7):101.FEI Lipeng,ZHENG Yanping,ZHOU Dinghui.Family adaptabilityand cohesion evaluation scale Chinese version[J].Chinese MentalHealth Journal(Supplement),1993,7(7):101.
6.费立鹏,沈其杰,郑延平,等.“家庭亲密度和适应性量表”和“家庭环境量表”的初步评价[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1991,5(5):198-202.FEI Lipeng,SHEN Qijie,ZHENG Yanping,et al.Assessment for familyadaptability and cohesion evaluation scale and family environmentscale[J].Chinese Mental Health Journal,1991,5(5):198-202.
7.高侠丽,侯春在.家庭功能理论的研究进展[J].社会心理科学,2008,23(98):253-257.GAO Xiali,HOU Chunzai.The overview on the theory of familyfunctioning[J].Science of Social Psychology,2008,23(98):253-257.
8.王跃生.当代中国城乡家庭结构变动比较[J].社会,2006,26(3):118-136.WANG Yuesheng.Comparison between urban and rural areas ofchanges in the modern Chinese family structure[J].Society,2006,26(3):118-136.
9.郭强.灾害中的家庭——家庭与灾害相互关系的社会学考察[J].灾害学,2002,17(3):76-81.GUO Qiang.Family exposed to disasters—Sociological researchon interrelation between disaster and family[J].Journal ofCatastrophology,2002,17(3):76-81.
10.蔡素妙.地震受创家庭复原力之研究——以九二一为例[J].中华人文社会学报,2004,9(1):122-145.CAI Sumiao.A study on the recovery processes of families traumatizedby the 921 earthquake[J].Chung Hua Journal of Humanities andSocial Sciences,2004,9(1):122-145.
11.张文新.青少年发展心理学[M].济南:山东人民出版社,2003:108-136.ZHANG Wenxin.Psychology of adolescent development[M].Jinan:Shandong People’s Press,2003:108-136.
12.杨永娇,张熊雄.家族在汶川地震中的自救功能:思考与探索——基于在和谐社会构建中当今家族整合功能的调查研究[J].经营管理者,2009,6(6):106-107.YANG Yongjiao,ZHANG Xiongxiong.Families’self-help functionin the wenchuan earthquake:thinking and exploration--based onthe integration of the family in constructing harmonious society[J].Manager’Journal,2009,6(6):106-107.
13.张世奇,向平萍.回望唐山地震后的家庭重组[J].中国社会向导,2008,24(24):48-49.ZHANG Shiqi,XIAGN Pingping.A review of family reconstructionafter Tangshan earthquake[J].China Society Periodical,2008,24(24):48-49.
14.Olson DH.Circumplex model of marital and family systems:Cohesionand adaptability dimensions,family types,and clinical applications[J].Fam Process,1979,18(1):3-28.
15.Bonanno GA,Moskowitz JT,Papa A,et al.Resilience to loss inbereaved spouses,bereaved parents,and bereaved gay men[J].J PersSoc Psychol,2005,88(5):827-843.
2.刘丽.灾后的心理援助研究概述[J].考试周刊,2008,37(37):234-235.LIU Li.Overview of the psychological study of disaster assistance[J].Kaoshi Zhoukan,2008,37(37):234-235.
3.张作记.家庭关怀度指数[J].中国行为医学科学,2001,10(9):110.ZHANG Zuoji.Index of family care[J].Chinese Journal of BehavioralMedical Science,2001,10(9):110.
4.吕繁,曾光.家庭关怀度指数问卷测量脑血管病病人家庭功能的信度和效度研究[J].中国公共卫生,1999,15(11):987-988.LüFan,ZENG Guang.A study on validity and reliability of the familyAPGAR[J].Chinese Journal of Public Health,1999,15(11):987-988.
5.费立鹏,郑延平,邹定辉.家庭亲密度和适应性量表中文版[J].中国心理卫生杂志(增刊),1993,7(7):101.FEI Lipeng,ZHENG Yanping,ZHOU Dinghui.Family adaptabilityand cohesion evaluation scale Chinese version[J].Chinese MentalHealth Journal(Supplement),1993,7(7):101.
6.费立鹏,沈其杰,郑延平,等.“家庭亲密度和适应性量表”和“家庭环境量表”的初步评价[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1991,5(5):198-202.FEI Lipeng,SHEN Qijie,ZHENG Yanping,et al.Assessment for familyadaptability and cohesion evaluation scale and family environmentscale[J].Chinese Mental Health Journal,1991,5(5):198-202.
7.高侠丽,侯春在.家庭功能理论的研究进展[J].社会心理科学,2008,23(98):253-257.GAO Xiali,HOU Chunzai.The overview on the theory of familyfunctioning[J].Science of Social Psychology,2008,23(98):253-257.
8.王跃生.当代中国城乡家庭结构变动比较[J].社会,2006,26(3):118-136.WANG Yuesheng.Comparison between urban and rural areas ofchanges in the modern Chinese family structure[J].Society,2006,26(3):118-136.
9.郭强.灾害中的家庭——家庭与灾害相互关系的社会学考察[J].灾害学,2002,17(3):76-81.GUO Qiang.Family exposed to disasters—Sociological researchon interrelation between disaster and family[J].Journal ofCatastrophology,2002,17(3):76-81.
10.蔡素妙.地震受创家庭复原力之研究——以九二一为例[J].中华人文社会学报,2004,9(1):122-145.CAI Sumiao.A study on the recovery processes of families traumatizedby the 921 earthquake[J].Chung Hua Journal of Humanities andSocial Sciences,2004,9(1):122-145.
11.张文新.青少年发展心理学[M].济南:山东人民出版社,2003:108-136.ZHANG Wenxin.Psychology of adolescent development[M].Jinan:Shandong People’s Press,2003:108-136.
12.杨永娇,张熊雄.家族在汶川地震中的自救功能:思考与探索——基于在和谐社会构建中当今家族整合功能的调查研究[J].经营管理者,2009,6(6):106-107.YANG Yongjiao,ZHANG Xiongxiong.Families’self-help functionin the wenchuan earthquake:thinking and exploration--based onthe integration of the family in constructing harmonious society[J].Manager’Journal,2009,6(6):106-107.
13.张世奇,向平萍.回望唐山地震后的家庭重组[J].中国社会向导,2008,24(24):48-49.ZHANG Shiqi,XIAGN Pingping.A review of family reconstructionafter Tangshan earthquake[J].China Society Periodical,2008,24(24):48-49.
14.Olson DH.Circumplex model of marital and family systems:Cohesionand adaptability dimensions,family types,and clinical applications[J].Fam Process,1979,18(1):3-28.
15.Bonanno GA,Moskowitz JT,Papa A,et al.Resilience to loss inbereaved spouses,bereaved parents,and bereaved gay men[J].J PersSoc Psychol,2005,88(5):827-843.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心