云南省地震灾后鼠密度和蚤指数的变化趋势研究
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摘要
[目的]为了解地震后鼠密度和蚤指数的变化规律,为地震灾后鼠疫的防治提供依据。[方法]从云南省1982～2008年地震资料中选取3级以上地震,在地震震中位置选取地震前1个月及地震后24个月黄胸鼠鼠密度和印鼠客蚤蚤指数,观察其变化趋势。[结果]地震后第1个月的鼠密度最高,从第3个月开始总体呈逐渐下降趋势,在震后23个月降到最低,24个月有回升趋势;地震后1个月蚤指数开始上升,在20、21、22个月最高,其次为2、4、8、15、19、23、24个月,震后6、14个月最低,低于地震前。[结论]地震引起鼠密度和蚤指数的波动,鼠密度总体呈现下降的趋势,蚤指数的波动大,总体下降的趋势不明显。两者均在地震发生初期有较大上升。
[Objective]To understand the variation of the rodent density and flea index after the earthquake,so as to provide the basis for prevention and treatment of plague after earthquake.[Methods]The rodent(rattus flavipectus) density and flea(xenopsylla cheopis) index documented one month before the earthquake and 24 months after the quake were analyzed and compared.[Results]With analysis of rodent density in 24 months after the earthquake,the trend can be seen that the highest density of rodents appeared one month after the earthquake and decreased gradually from the 3rd month to a minimum in 23 months after the earthquake.However,in 24 months the density slightly went up.As far as flea index was concerned,flea index fluctuated greatly and began to rise one month after the earthquake,and reached 3 peaks in 20,21and 22 months after earthquake,and were higher in 7 months,and were lowest in 6 and 14 months,even below the lever before the earthquake.[Conclusion]The rodent density and flea index fluctuations are affected by the earthquake.The rodent density generally shows a downward trend,the flea index fluctuates largely and the overall declining trend is not obvious.Both increase greatly in the early stages of the earthquake.
[Objective]To understand the variation of the rodent density and flea index after the earthquake,so as to provide the basis for prevention and treatment of plague after earthquake.[Methods]The rodent(rattus flavipectus) density and flea(xenopsylla cheopis) index documented one month before the earthquake and 24 months after the quake were analyzed and compared.[Results]With analysis of rodent density in 24 months after the earthquake,the trend can be seen that the highest density of rodents appeared one month after the earthquake and decreased gradually from the 3rd month to a minimum in 23 months after the earthquake.However,in 24 months the density slightly went up.As far as flea index was concerned,flea index fluctuated greatly and began to rise one month after the earthquake,and reached 3 peaks in 20,21and 22 months after earthquake,and were higher in 7 months,and were lowest in 6 and 14 months,even below the lever before the earthquake.[Conclusion]The rodent density and flea index fluctuations are affected by the earthquake.The rodent density generally shows a downward trend,the flea index fluctuates largely and the overall declining trend is not obvious.Both increase greatly in the early stages of the earthquake.
引文
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[3]王国良,李斌、冯明星,等.家鼠鼠疫宿主黄胸鼠的毒杀试验研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2006,12(1):9-15.
[4]张文彤.SPSS11.0统计分析教程(基础篇)[M].北京:北京希望出版社,2002.208-257.
[5]ZAROCOSTAS J.WHO praises Bam response butwarns of dis-ease[J].Lancet,2004,363:218.
[6]AKBARIM E,FARSHAD AA,ASADI-LARIM.The devasta-tionofBam:an overview ofhealth issues1 month after the earth-quake[J].PublicHealth,2004,118:403-408.
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[8]郑克纯,宋志忠.自然灾害对自然疫源性疾病的影响[J].中国热带医学,2009,9(7):1326-1327.
[9]林立丰,张玉润,严子锵,等.地震灾后病媒生物危害风险快速评估与应急控制[J].华南预防医学,2008,34(4):4-8.
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