雅安“4·20”芦山地震卫生防疫应急管理思考
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摘要
目的总结"4·20"芦山地震抗震救灾卫生防疫工作第1阶段的得失,发现与"5·12"汶川地震灾后卫生防疫的差异,揭示疾控机构应对未来类似灾害的优选措施。方法收集"4·20"芦山地震卫生防疫工作第1阶段的资料,从基本情况、政策、方案、技术文件、风险评估、灾后健康教育材料制作等方面进行分析,评价震后卫生防疫应急取得的成效,在汶川地震经验基础上进一步提炼"芦山经验"。结果 "4·20"芦山地震灾后卫生防疫响应及时,反应适度,技术支撑有力,风险评估准确高效,健康教育卫生宣传材料制作针对性强。结论 "5·12"汶川地震总结的卫生防疫经验进一步得到验证,"4·20"芦山地震卫生防疫经验得到提炼,芦山"345"模式有助于下一阶段传染病防控工作发挥更大效力。
Objective To summarize the success and failure of the first stage epidemic prevention after "4. 20"Lushan earthquake and to explore the difference of it between that of "5. 12"Wenchuan earthquake,and thus to ascertain the optimal measures for similar disasters in future. Methods The first stage data of epidemic prevention were collected and the following aspects were analyzed: basic situation,policies,schemes,technical documents,risk assessments and fabrication of the materials of health education after earthquake. The effects of emergency responses were evaluated. Results After "4. 20"Lushan earthquake,the response was in time,reaction was appropriate,technical support was powerful,risk assessment was correct and efficient,the materials of health education were pertinent. Conclusion Experience of epidemic prevention of "5. 12"Wenchuan earthquake is verified and the experience of"4. 20"Lushan earthquake was refined. The"345"mode in Lushan earthquake is promising in the next phase epidemic prevention work.
Objective To summarize the success and failure of the first stage epidemic prevention after "4. 20"Lushan earthquake and to explore the difference of it between that of "5. 12"Wenchuan earthquake,and thus to ascertain the optimal measures for similar disasters in future. Methods The first stage data of epidemic prevention were collected and the following aspects were analyzed: basic situation,policies,schemes,technical documents,risk assessments and fabrication of the materials of health education after earthquake. The effects of emergency responses were evaluated. Results After "4. 20"Lushan earthquake,the response was in time,reaction was appropriate,technical support was powerful,risk assessment was correct and efficient,the materials of health education were pertinent. Conclusion Experience of epidemic prevention of "5. 12"Wenchuan earthquake is verified and the experience of"4. 20"Lushan earthquake was refined. The"345"mode in Lushan earthquake is promising in the next phase epidemic prevention work.
引文
[1]四川省人民政府.“4.20芦山地震第五场新闻发布会[EB/OL].成都:四川省人民政府新闻办公室.(2013-04-22)http://www.sc.gov.cn
[2]四川省“5.12”抗震救灾指挥部医疗保障组.《四川省“5.12”抗震救灾医疗卫生工作文件汇编》[Z].2008.
[3]四川省疾病预防控制中心.“4.20”芦山地震灾区灾后卫生防疫风险评估报告(2013-4-21)[Z].内部资料.
[4]国家卫生计生委与世卫组织共同召开人感染H7 N9禽流感联合考察组通报会[EB/OL].[2013-04-25]http://news.cntv.cn
[5]四川省疾病预防控制中心.四川雅安地震灾区血吸虫病传播风险初步分析与评估(2013-4-23)[Z].内部资料.
[6]沈骥,唐雪峰.汶川地震灾后的卫生防病策略[J].中华预防医学杂志,2009,43(5):365-367.
[7]Organization WH.Mental health assistance to the population affected by the tsunami in Asia[EB/OL].Geneva:WHO.(2006-01-08)[2009-01-21].http://www.who.int/Mental_health/resources/tsunami/en.
[8]沈骥,苏林.汶川地震四川省卫生应急救援及反思[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2009,4(4):197-200.
[9]姜洁,李幼平,王觅也,等.玉树与汶川地震医疗救援比较研究[J].中国循证医学杂志,2010,10(5):550-554.
[10]陈智高,朱凤才,周明浩,等.汶川地震灾后卫生应急防病管理模式[J].江苏卫生事业管理,2008,19(4):3-4.
[2]四川省“5.12”抗震救灾指挥部医疗保障组.《四川省“5.12”抗震救灾医疗卫生工作文件汇编》[Z].2008.
[3]四川省疾病预防控制中心.“4.20”芦山地震灾区灾后卫生防疫风险评估报告(2013-4-21)[Z].内部资料.
[4]国家卫生计生委与世卫组织共同召开人感染H7 N9禽流感联合考察组通报会[EB/OL].[2013-04-25]http://news.cntv.cn
[5]四川省疾病预防控制中心.四川雅安地震灾区血吸虫病传播风险初步分析与评估(2013-4-23)[Z].内部资料.
[6]沈骥,唐雪峰.汶川地震灾后的卫生防病策略[J].中华预防医学杂志,2009,43(5):365-367.
[7]Organization WH.Mental health assistance to the population affected by the tsunami in Asia[EB/OL].Geneva:WHO.(2006-01-08)[2009-01-21].http://www.who.int/Mental_health/resources/tsunami/en.
[8]沈骥,苏林.汶川地震四川省卫生应急救援及反思[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2009,4(4):197-200.
[9]姜洁,李幼平,王觅也,等.玉树与汶川地震医疗救援比较研究[J].中国循证医学杂志,2010,10(5):550-554.
[10]陈智高,朱凤才,周明浩,等.汶川地震灾后卫生应急防病管理模式[J].江苏卫生事业管理,2008,19(4):3-4.
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