2008年汶川地震后拐棍竹无性系种群的更新状况及影响因子
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摘要
为揭示2008年汶川地震后大熊猫主食竹拐棍竹无性系种群的天然更新状况及影响因子,研究了3种不同地震干扰强度(强度、中度和对照)生境中拐棍竹的生长和发笋状况.结果表明:在3种生境中,拐棍竹存活笋的基径为中度干扰和对照生境显著大于强度干扰生境,存活笋的高度为对照>中度干扰>强度干扰.其发笋密度在3种生境中无显著差异,但强度和中度干扰生境中的存活笋密度显著大于对照,并且1年生和2年生竹密度与死亡竹密度之间呈极显著正相关.拐棍竹的发笋密度、存活笋密度、1年生、2年生和多年生竹密度之间均呈显著正相关,1年生和2年生竹密度与砾石和滑坡土壤盖度呈显著负相关,存活笋密度与郁闭度之间呈显著负相关.
To explore the natural regeneration and its affecting factors of Fargesia robusta clone population,the main diet bamboo for giant panda,after Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008,an investigation was conducted on the growth and emergence of the bamboo shoots at three habitats with different intensities(strong,moderate,and null) of earthquake disturbance.In the moderately and undisturbed habitats,the basal diameter of the survived bamboo shoots was significantly greater,as compared with that in strongly disturbed habitat,and the height of the survived shoots decreased in the order of undisturbed > moderately disturbed > strongly disturbed habitat.No significant difference was observed in the density of new bamboo shoots among the three habitats,but the density of the survived bamboo shoots was significantly higher in the strongly and moderately disturbed habitats than in the undisturbed habitat,and the density of 1-and 2 years old bamboos showed a significant positive correlation with the density of dead bamboos.There existed significant positive correlations between the densities of new bamboo shoots,survived bamboo shoots,and 1-,2-,and more years old bamboos,but significant negative correlations between the density of 1-and 2 years old bamboos and the coverage of gravels and slipping soils by Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008,and between the density of survived bamboo shoots and their canopy coverage.
To explore the natural regeneration and its affecting factors of Fargesia robusta clone population,the main diet bamboo for giant panda,after Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008,an investigation was conducted on the growth and emergence of the bamboo shoots at three habitats with different intensities(strong,moderate,and null) of earthquake disturbance.In the moderately and undisturbed habitats,the basal diameter of the survived bamboo shoots was significantly greater,as compared with that in strongly disturbed habitat,and the height of the survived shoots decreased in the order of undisturbed > moderately disturbed > strongly disturbed habitat.No significant difference was observed in the density of new bamboo shoots among the three habitats,but the density of the survived bamboo shoots was significantly higher in the strongly and moderately disturbed habitats than in the undisturbed habitat,and the density of 1-and 2 years old bamboos showed a significant positive correlation with the density of dead bamboos.There existed significant positive correlations between the densities of new bamboo shoots,survived bamboo shoots,and 1-,2-,and more years old bamboos,but significant negative correlations between the density of 1-and 2 years old bamboos and the coverage of gravels and slipping soils by Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008,and between the density of survived bamboo shoots and their canopy coverage.
引文
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[2]Cai X-S(蔡绪慎),Huang J-Y(黄金燕).A preliminary study on population dynasmics of Fargesia robusta.Journal of Bamboo Research(竹子研究汇刊),1992,11(3):55-64(in Chinese)
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[6]Zhou S-Q(周世强),Huang J-Y(黄金燕),Zhang Y-H(张亚辉),et al.Effects of wilderness-training Ailuropoda melanoleuca’s feeding and artificial harvesting on population structure of Fargesia robusta clone.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2010,21(7):1709-1717(in Chinese)
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[9]Liu X-D(刘香东),Huang R-C(黄荣澄),Ran J-H(冉江洪),et al.Effects of bamboo shoot-collecting on the shoot growth of giant panda’s diet bamboo Chimonobambusa szechuanensis.Chinese Journal of Ecology(生态学杂志),2010,29(11):2139-2145(in Chinese)
[10]Wang Y,Tao J,Zhong Z.Factors influencing the distribution and growth of dwarf bamboo,Fargesia nitida,in a subalpine forest in Wolong Nature Reserve,southwest China.Ecological Research,2009,24:1013-1021
[11]Wang W,Franklin SB,Ouellette JR.Clonal regeneration of an arrow bamboo,Fargesia qinlingensis,following giant panda herbivory.Plant Ecology,2007,192:97-106
[12]Zhang J,Hull V,Xu W,et al.Impact of the2008Wenchuan earthquake on biodiversity and giant panda habitat in Wolong Nature Reserve,China.Ecological Research,2011,26:523-531
[13]Shen G-Z(申国珍),Xie Z-Q(谢宗强),Feng C-Y(冯朝阳),et al.Influence of the Wenchuan Earthquake on giant panda habitats and strategies for restoration.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology(植物生态学报),2008,32(6):1417-1425(in Chinese)
[14]Xu WH,Dong RC,Wang XZ,et al.Impact of China’s May12earthquake on Giant Panda habitat in Wenchuan County.Journal of Applied Remote Sensing,2009,3:031655,doi:10.1117/1.3153916
[15]Zhang J-D(张晋东),Xu W-H(徐卫华),Ouyang Z-Y(欧阳志云),et al.Investigation of wildlife and its habitats after Wenchuan Earthquake:The case study of Longxihongkou and Qianfoshan Nature Reserves.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2008,28(12):58425847(in Chinese)
[16]Chen C-D(陈昌笃).The Dujiangyan region,pivot sector of assemblage,differentiation and maintenance of biodiversity in northern part of Hengduan Mountain.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2000,20(1):28-34(in Chinese)
[17]Reid DG,Taylor AH,Jinchu H,et al.Environmental influences on bamboo Bashania fangiana growth and implications for giant panda conservation.Journal of Applied Ecology,1991,28:855-868
[18]Alpert P.Clonal integration in Fragaria chiloensis differs between populations:Ramets from grassland are selfish.Oecologia,1999,120:69-76
[19]Saitoh T,Seiwa K,Nishiwaki A.Importance of physiological integration of dwarf bamboo to persistence in forest understorey:A field experiment.Journal of Ecology,2002,90:78-85
[20]Wang C-A(王长爱),Li D-Z(李德志),Zhu Z-L(朱志玲),et al.Research methods for physiological integration of clonal plants and their application.Chinese Journal of Applied&Environmental Biology(应用与环境生物学报),2006,12(4):581-588(in Chinese)
[21]Wang W,Franklin SB,Ren Y,et al.Growth of bamboo Fargesia qinlingensis and regeneration of trees in a mixed hardwood-conifer forest in the Qinling Mountains,China.Forest Ecology and Management,2006,234:107-115
[22]Taylor AH,Qin ZS.Tree regeneration after bamboo dieback in Chinese Abies-Betula forests.Journal of Vegetation Science,1992,3:253-260
[2]Cai X-S(蔡绪慎),Huang J-Y(黄金燕).A preliminary study on population dynasmics of Fargesia robusta.Journal of Bamboo Research(竹子研究汇刊),1992,11(3):55-64(in Chinese)
[3]Qin Z-S(秦自生),Taylor AH,Cai X-S(蔡绪慎),et al.Research into Fargesia robusta biological characteeristies.Journal of Bamboo Research(竹子研究汇刊),1993,12(1):6-17(in Chinese)
[4]Taylor AH,Qin ZS.Culm dynamics and dry matter production of bamboos in the Wolong and Tangjiahe Giant Panda Reserves,Sichuan,China.Journal of Applied Ecology,1987,24:419-433
[5]Taylor AH,Qin ZS.Structure and dynamics of bamboos in the Wolong Natural Reserve,China.American Journal of Botany,1993,80:375-384
[6]Zhou S-Q(周世强),Huang J-Y(黄金燕),Zhang Y-H(张亚辉),et al.Effects of wilderness-training Ailuropoda melanoleuca’s feeding and artificial harvesting on population structure of Fargesia robusta clone.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2010,21(7):1709-1717(in Chinese)
[7]Hull V,Shortridge A,Liu B,et al.The impact of giant panda foraging on bamboo dynamics in an isolated environment.Plant Ecology,2011,212:43-54
[8]Qin Z-S(秦自生),Zhang Y(张焱),Ma H-Y(马恒银),et al.A study on the growth law of Fargesia robusta shoot.Journal Sichuan Teachers College(四川师范学院学报),1991,12(3):211-215(in Chinese)
[9]Liu X-D(刘香东),Huang R-C(黄荣澄),Ran J-H(冉江洪),et al.Effects of bamboo shoot-collecting on the shoot growth of giant panda’s diet bamboo Chimonobambusa szechuanensis.Chinese Journal of Ecology(生态学杂志),2010,29(11):2139-2145(in Chinese)
[10]Wang Y,Tao J,Zhong Z.Factors influencing the distribution and growth of dwarf bamboo,Fargesia nitida,in a subalpine forest in Wolong Nature Reserve,southwest China.Ecological Research,2009,24:1013-1021
[11]Wang W,Franklin SB,Ouellette JR.Clonal regeneration of an arrow bamboo,Fargesia qinlingensis,following giant panda herbivory.Plant Ecology,2007,192:97-106
[12]Zhang J,Hull V,Xu W,et al.Impact of the2008Wenchuan earthquake on biodiversity and giant panda habitat in Wolong Nature Reserve,China.Ecological Research,2011,26:523-531
[13]Shen G-Z(申国珍),Xie Z-Q(谢宗强),Feng C-Y(冯朝阳),et al.Influence of the Wenchuan Earthquake on giant panda habitats and strategies for restoration.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology(植物生态学报),2008,32(6):1417-1425(in Chinese)
[14]Xu WH,Dong RC,Wang XZ,et al.Impact of China’s May12earthquake on Giant Panda habitat in Wenchuan County.Journal of Applied Remote Sensing,2009,3:031655,doi:10.1117/1.3153916
[15]Zhang J-D(张晋东),Xu W-H(徐卫华),Ouyang Z-Y(欧阳志云),et al.Investigation of wildlife and its habitats after Wenchuan Earthquake:The case study of Longxihongkou and Qianfoshan Nature Reserves.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2008,28(12):58425847(in Chinese)
[16]Chen C-D(陈昌笃).The Dujiangyan region,pivot sector of assemblage,differentiation and maintenance of biodiversity in northern part of Hengduan Mountain.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2000,20(1):28-34(in Chinese)
[17]Reid DG,Taylor AH,Jinchu H,et al.Environmental influences on bamboo Bashania fangiana growth and implications for giant panda conservation.Journal of Applied Ecology,1991,28:855-868
[18]Alpert P.Clonal integration in Fragaria chiloensis differs between populations:Ramets from grassland are selfish.Oecologia,1999,120:69-76
[19]Saitoh T,Seiwa K,Nishiwaki A.Importance of physiological integration of dwarf bamboo to persistence in forest understorey:A field experiment.Journal of Ecology,2002,90:78-85
[20]Wang C-A(王长爱),Li D-Z(李德志),Zhu Z-L(朱志玲),et al.Research methods for physiological integration of clonal plants and their application.Chinese Journal of Applied&Environmental Biology(应用与环境生物学报),2006,12(4):581-588(in Chinese)
[21]Wang W,Franklin SB,Ren Y,et al.Growth of bamboo Fargesia qinlingensis and regeneration of trees in a mixed hardwood-conifer forest in the Qinling Mountains,China.Forest Ecology and Management,2006,234:107-115
[22]Taylor AH,Qin ZS.Tree regeneration after bamboo dieback in Chinese Abies-Betula forests.Journal of Vegetation Science,1992,3:253-260
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