汶川地震对两栖动物栖息地的影响
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摘要
2008年5月汶川地震对两栖动物栖息地造成了巨大的影响。采用卫星遥感照片评估了汶川地震后3种两栖动物栖息地震损状况,结果表明:(1)15.2%的两栖动物的适宜栖息地遭到了地震的破坏;(2)震损栖息地纬向分布于31°～32°N之间,震区的南部和中部;(3)被破坏的栖息地垂直分布于2000m以下的中低海拔区段。汶川地震及次生灾害使两栖动物的生存和发展面临着极严重风险。
The amphibian habitat is impacted seriously by the Wenchuan earthquake.Three amphibians habitat was analyzed based on remote sensiong before and after the earthquake.The results showed that 15.2% of amphibian habitat was severely impacted.Most destroyed habitat centralized between latitude 31°～32°N which were in south and center areas.Furthermore,100% of the destroyed habitat were distributed under 2000 m.The survival and flourish of amphibians were confronted with the strike of secondary disasters in the future.
The amphibian habitat is impacted seriously by the Wenchuan earthquake.Three amphibians habitat was analyzed based on remote sensiong before and after the earthquake.The results showed that 15.2% of amphibian habitat was severely impacted.Most destroyed habitat centralized between latitude 31°～32°N which were in south and center areas.Furthermore,100% of the destroyed habitat were distributed under 2000 m.The survival and flourish of amphibians were confronted with the strike of secondary disasters in the future.
引文
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程颂,宋洪涛.2008.汶川大地震对四川卧龙国家自然保护区大熊猫栖息地的影响[J].山地学报,26(增刊):65～69.
费梁,叶昌媛.2001.四川两栖类原色图鉴[M].北京:中国林业出版社.
李成,刘志君,王跃招.2003.四川喇叭河自然保护区的两栖爬行动物垂直分布及保护区型式[J].应用与环境生物学报,9(2):158～162.
刘承钊,胡淑琴.1961.中国无尾两栖类[M].北京:科学出版社.
欧阳志云,刘建国,张和民.2000.卧龙大熊猫生境的群落结构研究[J].生态学报,20(3):458～462.
齐银,Felix Z,戴强,等.2007.若尔盖高寒湿地高原林蛙繁殖后期运动,家域和微生境选择[J].动物学报,53:974～981.
申国珍,谢宗强,冯朝阳,等.2008.汶川地震对大熊猫栖息地的影响与恢复对策[J].植物生态学报,32(6):1417～1425.
张晋东,徐卫华,欧阳志云,等.2008.汶川地震后野生动物及栖息地的调查[J].生态学报,28(12):5842～5847.
中国科学院生态环境研究中心.2008.汶川地震生态环境影响评估研究报告[R].
周世强,黄金燕,谭迎春,等.2003.卧龙大熊猫栖息地植物群落多样性研究I-植物群落的基本特征[J].四川林业科技,24(2):6～11.
Duellman WE,Trueb L. 1986. Biology of amphibia[M]. New York:McGraw-Hill Book Co: 202 ～ 203.
Kramer DC. 1973. Movements of western chorus frogs Pseudacris triseria-ta triseriata tagged with Co60[J]. Journal of Herpetology,7( 3) : 231～ 235.
Kupferberg SJ. 1996. Hydrologic and geomorphic factors affecting conser-vation of a river-breeding frog ( Rana boylii) [J]. Ecological Applica-tions,6( 4) : 1332 ～ 1344.
Lai YC,Shieh BS,Kam YC. 2007. Population patterns of a riparianfrogs ( Rana swinhoana) before and after an earthquake in subtropicalTaiwan[J]. BioTropica,39: 731 ～ 736.
Semlitsch RD,Bodie JR. 2003. Biological crireria for buffer zones aroundwetlands and riparian habitats for amphibians and reptiles[J]. Conser-vation Biology,17: 1219 ～ 1228.
Wang DJ,Li S,Sun S,et al. 2008. Turning earthquake disaster intolong-term benefits for the panda[J]. Conservation Biology,22 ( 5 ) :1356 ～ 1360.
Wiens JJ,Parra-Olea G,Garcia-Paris M,et al. 2006. Phylogenetic his-tory underlies elevational biodiversity patterns in tropical salamanders[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: 1 ～10.
Xu WH,Wang XZ,Ouyang ZY,et al. 2009. Conservation of giant pan-da habitat in South Minshan,China,after the May 2008 earthquake[J]. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,7: 353 ～358.
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