低速异常带平均速度场建模方法研究——以渤海Q油田为例
详细信息 本馆镜像全文    |  推荐本文 | | 获取馆网全文
摘要
时深转换作为联系地震与地质的桥梁,是地球物理研究的一大热点。随着渤海油田勘探开发程度的不断加深,对时深转换的要求逐渐提高。渤海Q油田目的层为明下段曲流河沉积,具有典型的低幅度构造特征,且地层速度横向变化较大,具有明显的低速异常特征。这两方面特征增加了该油田时深转换研究的难度。针对常规速度建模方法的缺陷和不足,提出了种子点约束空间插值的平均速度场建模方法。该方法首先根据地震资料并结合测井及地质分层,来确定低速异常带的分布;然后根据速度异常量的大小,在低速异常带范围内设置种子点并结合井点处的速度,进行空间约束插值,进而建立速度场并用于时深转换。从实际钻井情况来看,该方法预测精度较常规方法有了较大提高,并取得了良好的实际应用效果。
As the bridge to connect seismic and geological, time-depth conversion is a hot topic of geophysical research. In recent years, with further exploration and exploitation of Bohai Oilfield, higher accuracy of time-depth conversion is required. The target zone of Q oilfield is the deposition of meandering river of Minghuazhen Formation,and it is characterized by typical low amplitude structure, large lateral variation of formation velocity and obvious low velocity anomaly. The above two features brought new challenges to the research of time-depth conversion method for this oilfield. Based on the flaw and insufficiency of conventional velocity modeling method, this paper proposed a new method that firstly determines the distribution range of low velocity anomaly by seismic data combined with logging and geological stratification, then creates seed points inside the anomaly range according to the degree of velocity anomaly, finally builds the velocity field by spatial interpolation under the restraint of velocity at seed points and well points. The velocity field can finally be used for time depth conversion. From actual drilling situation, this method can improve the prediction accuracy more greatly than conventional methods and has made a good practical application.
引文
[1]Russell B.A simple seismic imaging exercise[J].The Leading Edge,1998,19(7):885-889.
    [2]王树华,刘怀山,张云银,等.变速成图方法及应用研究[J].中国海洋大学学报,2004,34(1):139-146.Wang Shuhua,Liu Huaishan,Zhang Yunyin,et al.Research on variable-velocity structure mapping and its application[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2004,34(1):139-146.
    [3]王兴军,满益志,刘昌国,等.低幅度构造变速成图技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(增刊1):69-72.Wang Xingjun,Man Yizhi,Liu Changguo,et al.Velocity-varying mapping technique for low-amplitude structure[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(S1):69-72.
    [4]凌云,郭建明,郭向宇,等.油藏描述中的井震时深转换技术研究[J].石油物探,2011,50(1):1-13.Ling Yun,Guo Jianming,Guo Xiangyu,et al.Research on timedepth conversion by well-to-seismic in reservoir characterization[J].Geophy-sical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(1):1-13.
    [5]何际平,鲁烈琴,王红旗,等.复杂地区速度场建立与变速构造成图方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):167-172.He Jiping,Lu Lieqin,Wang Hongqi,et al.Research of geophysical characteristics in thin-beds[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(1):167-172.
    [6]周东红,姚以泰,陈树亮,等.基于射线追踪的CMP相干速度反演技术在渤海油田的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(3):392-397.Zhou Donghong,Yao Yitai,Chen Shuliang,et al.Application of ray tracing based CMP coherent velocity inversion technique in Bohai Oilfield[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(3):392-397.
    [7]王华忠,冯波,李辉,等.各种速度分析与反演方法的对比研究[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(5):1-11.Wang Huazhong,Feng Bo,Li Hui,et al.Comparison among velocity analysis and inversion methods[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(5):1-11.
    [8]Gerritsma P H A.Time-depth conversion in the presence of structure[J].Geophysics,1977,42(4):760-772.
    [9]Keydar S,Koren Z,Kosloff D,et al.Optimum time-to-depth conversion[J].Geophysics,1989,54(8):1001-1005.
    [10]Bishop T N,Bube K P,Cutler R T,et al.Tomographic determination of velocity and depth in laterally varying media[J].Geophysics,1985,50(6):903-923.
    [11]李本才,曹卿荣,李珮,等.垂直地震测井(VSP)技术在薄层砂体识别中的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(1):109-112.Li Bencai,Cao Qingrong,Li Pei,et al.Application of VSP to the identification of thin sand[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2010,22(1):109-112.
    [12]冯玉苹,刁瑞,徐维秀,等.井间地震纵横波分离方法研究及应用[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(5):94-99.Feng Yuping,Diao Rui,Xu Weixiu,et al.Study on P and S wave separation method in cross-well seismic and its application[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2013,25(5):94-99.
    [13]刘爱群,赫建伟,陈殿远,等.近海复杂断块区地震成像及储层精细描述关键技术研究——以南海西部北部湾盆地涠12-1油田为例[J].岩性油气藏,2014,26(1):100-104.Liu Aiqun,Hao Jianwei,Chen Dianyuan,et al.Key technologies of seismic imaging and reservoir description for offshore complex fault block:A case study from Wei 12-1 Oilfield in Beibu Gulf Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2014,26(1):100-104.
    [14]Hornby B E,Yu J H,John A,et al.VSP:Beyond time-to-depth[J].The Leading Edge,2006,25(4):446-452.
    [15]李明娟,李守济,牛滨华.地震速度谱在精细深度图制作中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):272-274.Li Mingjuan,Li Shouji,Niu Binhua.The application of seismic velocity spectrum in making depth map[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2004,43(3):272-274.
    [16]苏勤,吕彬,李斐,等.几种叠后时间偏移方法在西部低信噪比地区应用效果比较[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):117-119.Su Qin,LüBin,Li Fei,et al.Comparison of several post stack time migration methods in western area with low S/N ratio[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2007,19(1):117-119.
    [17]张华军,肖富森,刘定锦,等.地质构造约束层速度模型在时深转换中的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):521-525.Zhang Huajun,Xiao Fusen,Liu Dingjin,et al.Geologic structure constrained interval velocity modeland its application in time-depth conversion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4):521-525.

版权所有:© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心