涠西南地区地震数据叠前同步反演
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摘要
针对涠西南地区复杂的地质条件,以及基于地震资料预测储层需要纵、横波阻抗及速度、密度等弹性参数,对涠西南地区开展了地震数据叠前同步反演.该反演方法使用改进的Fatti方程,可以同时获得各种弹性参数,应用预白化处理来控制反演的噪音水平,使反演结果更稳定.使用不同子波来均衡不同角度部分叠加数据体之间振幅、频率和相位差异,使反演结果更准确.实际地震资料处理结果表明,随着角度增大,子波主频减小.精度验证结果表明,叠前同步反演精度达到了要求,其中纵波阻抗和横波阻抗反演结果精度都比较高,密度反演结果精度相对较差.
Based on the complex geological conditions of the Weixi'nan area,pre-stack simultaneous inversion of seismic data in the Weixi'nan area was conducted,in order to obtain the elastic parameters including the impedances of both P-and S-waves,velocity,and density for the reservoir forecast.The improved Fatti equation was utilized to obtain the elastic parameters,and the noise of inversion was controlled through pre-whitening processing to make the inversion results stable.Various wavelets were used to balance the differences in amplitude,frequency,and phase between multi-angle stacked seismic data,in order to ensure the accuracy of the inversion results.The result of processing of field seismic data show that the peak frequency of the wavelet decreased with the increase of the angle.The accuracy verification indicates that the accuracy requirement of the pre-stack simultaneous inversion was satisfied.The accuracies of the inversion results for the impedances of P-and S-waves were high,while the accuracy of the density result was relatively low.
Based on the complex geological conditions of the Weixi'nan area,pre-stack simultaneous inversion of seismic data in the Weixi'nan area was conducted,in order to obtain the elastic parameters including the impedances of both P-and S-waves,velocity,and density for the reservoir forecast.The improved Fatti equation was utilized to obtain the elastic parameters,and the noise of inversion was controlled through pre-whitening processing to make the inversion results stable.Various wavelets were used to balance the differences in amplitude,frequency,and phase between multi-angle stacked seismic data,in order to ensure the accuracy of the inversion results.The result of processing of field seismic data show that the peak frequency of the wavelet decreased with the increase of the angle.The accuracy verification indicates that the accuracy requirement of the pre-stack simultaneous inversion was satisfied.The accuracies of the inversion results for the impedances of P-and S-waves were high,while the accuracy of the density result was relatively low.
引文
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[2]杨文采.评地球物理反演的发展趋向[J].地学前缘,2002,9(4):389-396.(YANG Wen-cai.A perspective to development ofgeophysical inversions[J].Earth Science Frpntiers,2002,9(4):389-396.(in Chinese))
[3]张宏兵,杨长春.正则参数控制下的波阻抗约束反演[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(6):827-834.(ZHANG Hong-bing,YANGChang-chun.A impedance constrained inversion method controlling by regular parameters[J].Chinese J Geophys,2003,46(6):827-834.(in Chinese))
[4]张宏兵,尚作萍,谭胜章,等.波阻抗反演的快速模拟退火算法[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2005,33(4):434-437.(ZHANG Hong-bing,SHANG Zuo-ping,TAN Sheng-zhang,et al.Fast simulated annealing algorithm for wave impedance inversion[J].Journal ofHohai University:Natural Science,2005,33(4):434-437.(in Chinese))
[5]苑书金,董宁,于常青.叠前联合反演P波阻抗和S波阻抗的研究及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):339-342.(YUAN Shu-jin,DONG Ning,YU Chang-qing.Study of pre-stack joint inversion of P-wave impedance and S-wave impedance and itsapplication[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(3):339-342.(in Chinese))
[6]杨午阳,王丛镔.利用叠前AVA同步反演预测储层物性参数[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(3):414-417.(YANGWu-yang,WANG Cong-bin.Utilizing pre-stack simultaneous inversion to predict reservoir physical properties[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(3):414-417.(in Chinese))
[7]陈建江,印兴耀,张广智.基于贝叶斯理论的振幅随偏移距变化三参数同步反演[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(3):33-38.(CHEN Jian-jiang,YIN Xing-yao,ZHANG Guang-zhi.Simultaneous three-term AVO inversion based on Bayesiantheorem[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2007,31(3):33-38.(in Chinese))
[8]AKI K I,RICHARDS P G.Quantitative seismology-theory and mdethod[M].New York:FREEMALL W H Company,1980.
[9]SHUEY R T.A simplification of the Zoeppritz equations[J].Geophysics,1985,50(4),609-614.
[10]郑晓东.Zoeppritz方程的近似及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1991,26(2):129-144.(ZHENG Xiao-dong.Approximation ofZoeppritz equation and its application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1991,26(2):129-144.(in Chinese))
[11]OSTRANDER W J.Plane waves reflection coefficients for gas sands at normal angles of incidence[J].Geophysics,1984,49(10),1637-1648.
[12]FATTI J L.Detection of gas in sandstone reservoirs using AVO analysis:a 3D seismic case history using the Geostack technique[J].Geophysics,1994,50:1362-1376.
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