论油藏地球物理学方法研究
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摘要
论述了油藏地球物理学的一些基本概念,并介绍一种新的高分辨率地震反演技术——自适应波阻抗外推.在油藏地球物理学中,人们主要利用的地震信息是反射波形,但波形的直接解释是很困难的,原因是波形间的相互干涉,干涉的影响距离相当于子波的延续度,这比常规的时间分辨率1/2周期要大得多.波形干涉问题是地震资料的带限性质所造成的,这个问题只能通过地震和测井资料相结合才能解决.结合测井的地震反演是油藏地球物理学各种技术所共同采用的基本方法.自适应波阻抗外推是一种结合测井的地震反演新方法,此方法根据测井曲线和井旁地震记录的自适应映射关系.推导出一系列自适应算子.利用这些算子可以从地震记录估算出高分辨率波阻抗剖面.
In this paper,author explains some basic concepts which unify various reservoir geophysical techniques and introduces a new high-resolution inversion technique -Adaptive Impedance Extrapolation.Reflection waveform is the main seismic information used in reservoir geophysics .but it is difficult to use waveform directly because of the waveform interference in interbedded formation which is often met in practice. The limit of waveform interference interval is determined by seismic wavelet time duration which is much greater than the time resolution of 1/2 wave-period. The problem of waveform interference is due to the band limited property of seismic data,which can only be solved by incorperation of seismic data with well log data. Well log incorperated seismic inversion is the basic method which is common to most reservoir geophysical techniques.Adaptive Impedance Extrapolation,a new method of incorperating well log data in seismic inversion,is based on the adaptive mapping between well log and seismic trace. Using this mapping relationship we can derive adaptive operators to estimate high-resolution impedance section from seismic data.
In this paper,author explains some basic concepts which unify various reservoir geophysical techniques and introduces a new high-resolution inversion technique -Adaptive Impedance Extrapolation.Reflection waveform is the main seismic information used in reservoir geophysics .but it is difficult to use waveform directly because of the waveform interference in interbedded formation which is often met in practice. The limit of waveform interference interval is determined by seismic wavelet time duration which is much greater than the time resolution of 1/2 wave-period. The problem of waveform interference is due to the band limited property of seismic data,which can only be solved by incorperation of seismic data with well log data. Well log incorperated seismic inversion is the basic method which is common to most reservoir geophysical techniques.Adaptive Impedance Extrapolation,a new method of incorperating well log data in seismic inversion,is based on the adaptive mapping between well log and seismic trace. Using this mapping relationship we can derive adaptive operators to estimate high-resolution impedance section from seismic data.
引文
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[8]Widrow B,Hoff M.Adaptive switching circuits.IRE WESCON Conv Rec,1960,96～104
[2]Knapp R W.Vertucal resolution of thick beds,thin bedd,and thin bed cyclothems.Geophysics,1990,55:1183～1190
[3]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1993,12～34
[4]Lindseth R O.Synthetic sonic logs—a process for stratigraphic interpretation.Geophysics:1979,44:3～26
[5]Cornish B E,King G A.Combined iterative analysis and stochastic inversion for high-resolution reservoir modeling.Presented at the 50th Mtg European Assn Expl Geophys,1988
[6]钱绍新.应用模式识别方法预测油气储集层.地球物理学报,1992,35:630～636
[7]林小竹,钱绍新.自适应滤波法波阻抗估计.石油地球物理勘探,1997,32:478～485
[8]Widrow B,Hoff M.Adaptive switching circuits.IRE WESCON Conv Rec,1960,96～104
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