陕西宁强民众认知与响应汶川M_s8.0地震灾害调查与分析
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摘要
运用问卷调查和深度访谈方法,分析了陕西宁强民众认识地震灾害的水平和响应汶川Ms8.0地震灾害冲击的实际能力.结果表明,宁强民众认知与响应地震灾害的综合水平很不理想,无论在地震灾害知识的获取还是防震减灾技能的提高上还有很大的提升空间;在认知与响应地震灾害的不同方面,民众的防震减灾技能最差,地震灾害知识水平次之,而震时及震后自救互救与震后信息传播两个层面稍好一些;民众对地震知识的理解还停留在表面现象上,对复杂、抽象的地震知识的理解和掌握,特别是对地震知识掌握的准确性和深层次理解还有待提高;从震后民众获取地震灾害信息的主渠道来看,加大政府对地震灾害知识和防灾技能的宣传力度,使地震信息公开透明化,是减轻地震灾害风险的有效途径之一.
Using questionnaire and interview methods,the cognition and response of the social public to the earthquake disasters is studied.The comprehensive levels and abilities of the cognition and response of the Ningqiang public to the earthquake disasters are not ideal,there are greatly improved space in the research area,whether from the earthquake disaster knowledge acquisition or mitigation skills.In the aspects of cognition and responses to the earthquake disaster,the disaster mitigation skills of the public are worst,then,the knowledge level of the earthquake disaster.The two aspects of the self and mutual medical aid and information dissemination are little better.Understanding of the social public for the earthquake knowledge and views still stays in the phenomenon of the surface.The complex,Abstract earthquake knowledge's understanding and mastering,especially for the accuracy and profound remains to further improve.After the earthquake from the public access to information,to strengthen the government about the main earthquake disaster prevention knowledge and skills of the propaganda and the seismic information transparency earthquake disaster reduction is one of the effective ways to avoid risk.
Using questionnaire and interview methods,the cognition and response of the social public to the earthquake disasters is studied.The comprehensive levels and abilities of the cognition and response of the Ningqiang public to the earthquake disasters are not ideal,there are greatly improved space in the research area,whether from the earthquake disaster knowledge acquisition or mitigation skills.In the aspects of cognition and responses to the earthquake disaster,the disaster mitigation skills of the public are worst,then,the knowledge level of the earthquake disaster.The two aspects of the self and mutual medical aid and information dissemination are little better.Understanding of the social public for the earthquake knowledge and views still stays in the phenomenon of the surface.The complex,Abstract earthquake knowledge's understanding and mastering,especially for the accuracy and profound remains to further improve.After the earthquake from the public access to information,to strengthen the government about the main earthquake disaster prevention knowledge and skills of the propaganda and the seismic information transparency earthquake disaster reduction is one of the effective ways to avoid risk.
引文
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[14]叶笃正,符淙斌,季劲钧,等.有序人类活动与生存环境[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(4):453-460.
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[16]DOMINEY-HOWES D,MINOS-MINOPOULOS D.Pereptions of hazard and risk on Santorini[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,2004,137:285-310.
[17]ZHOU Qi,LI Jing-yi,ZHAO Jing-bo.Study on indexsystem of assessment of public disaster perceptionin the western China[J].Chinese GeographicalScience,2003,13(3):284-288.
[18]李景宜,周旗.国民灾害感知能力测评指标体系研究[J].自然灾害学报,2002,11(4):129-134.
[19]田青,方修琦,乔佃峰.以吉林省安图县为例说明人类对全球变化适应的行为心理学研究[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(8):916-919.
[20]王媛,方修琦,田青,等.气候变化及人类适应行为对农作物总产变化的影响:以黑龙江省1990年代水稻生产为例[J].自然科学进展,2006,16(12):1645-1650.
[21]张拴厚,王学平,林平选,等.陕西龙门山地震带地质灾害的地质构造约束[J].陕西地质,2008,26(2):44-54.
[22]吕君,陈田,刘丽梅.旅游者环境意识的调查与分析[J].地理研究,2009,28(1):259-270.
[23]王民.环境意识及测评方法研究[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1999:180-182.
[2]张永双,石菊松,孙萍,等.汶川地震内外动力耦合及灾害实例[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):131-141.
[3]殷跃平.汶川八级地震滑坡特征分析[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(1):29-38.
[4]钱骏,肖杰,蒋厦,等.阿坝州地震灾区资源环境承载力评估[J].西华大学学报:自然科学版,2009,28(2):79-82.
[5]李勇,黄润秋,周荣军,等.龙门山地震带的地质背景与汶川地震的地表破裂[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(1):3-18.
[6]冯杭建,王兰中,唐小明.青川县马鹿乡地震灾后恢复重建的地质灾害危险性评估[J].山地学报,2009,27(1):115-121.
[7]郑勇,马宏生,吕坚,等.汶川地震强余震(Ms≥5.6)的震源机制解及其与发震构造的关系[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2009,39(4):413-426.
[8]王晓青,王龙,章熙海,等.汶川8.0级地震震害遥感定量化初步研究[J].地震,2009,29(1):174-181.
[9]刘斌涛,陶和平,范建容,等.高分辨率SAR数据在5.12汶川地震灾害监测与评估中的应用[J].山地学报,2008,26(3):267-271.
[10]许冲,戴福初,陈剑,等.汶川Ms8.0地震重灾区次生地质灾害遥感精细解译[J].遥感学报,2009,13(4):754-762.
[11]TANTALAA M W,NORDENSONB G J P,DEODATISC G,et al.Earthquake loss estimationfor the New York City metropolitan region[J].SoilDynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2008,28:812-835.
[12]苏桂武,马宗晋,王若嘉,等.汶川地震灾区民众认知与响应地震灾害的特点及其减灾宣教意义[J].地震地质,2009,30(4):877-894.
[13]王兴中,郑国强,李贵才,等.行为地理学导论[M].西安:陕西人民出版社,1988:235-253.
[14]叶笃正,符淙斌,季劲钧,等.有序人类活动与生存环境[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(4):453-460.
[15]刘东生.全球变化和可持续发展科学[J].地学前沿,2002,9(1):1-8.
[16]DOMINEY-HOWES D,MINOS-MINOPOULOS D.Pereptions of hazard and risk on Santorini[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,2004,137:285-310.
[17]ZHOU Qi,LI Jing-yi,ZHAO Jing-bo.Study on indexsystem of assessment of public disaster perceptionin the western China[J].Chinese GeographicalScience,2003,13(3):284-288.
[18]李景宜,周旗.国民灾害感知能力测评指标体系研究[J].自然灾害学报,2002,11(4):129-134.
[19]田青,方修琦,乔佃峰.以吉林省安图县为例说明人类对全球变化适应的行为心理学研究[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(8):916-919.
[20]王媛,方修琦,田青,等.气候变化及人类适应行为对农作物总产变化的影响:以黑龙江省1990年代水稻生产为例[J].自然科学进展,2006,16(12):1645-1650.
[21]张拴厚,王学平,林平选,等.陕西龙门山地震带地质灾害的地质构造约束[J].陕西地质,2008,26(2):44-54.
[22]吕君,陈田,刘丽梅.旅游者环境意识的调查与分析[J].地理研究,2009,28(1):259-270.
[23]王民.环境意识及测评方法研究[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1999:180-182.
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