采用τ-q变换法进行纵、横波波场分离
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摘要
多波多分量地震勘探与传统的单一纵波地震勘探相比具有许多优势 ,同时采集纵、横波资料可以分别形成叠加剖面 ,有利于构造成像。更可贵的是 ,它可以用来提取更多的约束岩性、储层、裂隙分布的地球物理参数以及应力场信息。波场分离是多波多分量地震资料处理的重要环节之一 ,采用常规的τ p变换法进行纵、横波波场分离时 ,由于双曲线经τ p变换后为椭圆 (其能量分布是渐变的 ) ,实际的分离效果并不好。因此 ,根据汪家屯地区多波多分量地震资料特点 ,提出了τ q变换法。该方法将来自不同层位的反射波经τ q变换后聚焦在不同的点上 ,更有利于波场分离 ,因此切实可行
Compared with the traditional P wave seismic prospecting, Multiple Component exploration has many advantages: stacked profiles can be made from the data of P wave and V wave respectively, so it's more helpful to the structural imaging; Furthermore, many geophysical parameters, such as lithology, reservoir ,fracture spacing and information of field can be obtained from multiple component acquisition data. It's well-known that wave field separation is one of the most important parts in the multiple component data processing; but with the conventional τ p transformation method , a hyperbola becomes an ellipse which means the gradual changes of the energy distribution, so the P wave and V wave field separation can not be achieved effectively. According to the characteristic of the multiple component data from the Wangjiatun area , a τ q transformation method has been proposed and used in the wave field separation. After τ q transformation, reflected waves from different strata should be focused on different points theoretically; a better result has also been achieved accordingly compared with that of the conventional τ q transformation.
Compared with the traditional P wave seismic prospecting, Multiple Component exploration has many advantages: stacked profiles can be made from the data of P wave and V wave respectively, so it's more helpful to the structural imaging; Furthermore, many geophysical parameters, such as lithology, reservoir ,fracture spacing and information of field can be obtained from multiple component acquisition data. It's well-known that wave field separation is one of the most important parts in the multiple component data processing; but with the conventional τ p transformation method , a hyperbola becomes an ellipse which means the gradual changes of the energy distribution, so the P wave and V wave field separation can not be achieved effectively. According to the characteristic of the multiple component data from the Wangjiatun area , a τ q transformation method has been proposed and used in the wave field separation. After τ q transformation, reflected waves from different strata should be focused on different points theoretically; a better result has also been achieved accordingly compared with that of the conventional τ q transformation.
引文
[1]马在田计算地球物理学概论[M]上海:同济大学出版社,1997
[2]詹正彬多波及横波地震勘探[M]北京:地质出版社,1994
[2]詹正彬多波及横波地震勘探[M]北京:地质出版社,1994
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