深盆气藏勘探方法及其应用
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摘要
深盆气藏是天然气勘探与研究的一个发展方向,深盆气藏的勘探须基于地质理论、勘探方法和工程技术三者“一体化”的综合研究。“一体化”综合研究主要包括:①强调油气勘探过程中,深盆气藏地质理论的研究与应用;②针对深盆气藏地质特征,开展与之相配套的多学科综合勘探方法研究;③钻井和试采工程技术的改进。这3方面的研究内容相辅相成,缺一不可。在四川盆地通南巴构造带,以深盆气藏地质理论为指导,进行了深盆气藏综合勘探方法的探索性应用。结果表明,利用该方法识别深盆气藏是可行的。地质、地震资料显示,尺溪向斜生储盖条件配置完好,已形成“压力封存箱”,为该区深盆气藏勘探的前景区。基于深盆气藏系统要素分析,提出了适合于通南巴构造带的深盆气藏地质模型。构造向斜部位、区域性压力转换带以下、陆相地层中的上沙溪庙组下部到下沙溪庙组上部局部异常高压区是深盆气藏勘探的重点位置,建议进一步论证后部署探井。
Deep basin gas trap is considered as the prospective target of gas exploration and research in recent decades. The exploration methods for deep basin gas trap are based on integrative study of geological theory, exploration strategy and engineering techniques. In detail, the integrative study consists of the following three indispensable aspects: ① Emphasis on study and application of geological theory for deep basin gas trap during the exploration process; ② Multi-subject integrative study on the exploration method based on the specific geological features of deep basin gas trap; ③ Improvement of drilling and production techniques. The application of the integrative exploration method for deep basin gas trap in Tongnanba Structural Belt of Sichuan Basin proved the feasibility of this method for identifying the deep basin gas trap. The geological and seismic data indicated that Chixi Syncline has formed “pressure compartment” with favorable source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage and become the prospective area for exploration of deep basin gas trap. The systematic factors/elements of deep basin gas trap were analyzed, and a geological model suitable for deep basin gas traps of Tongnanba Structural Belt was proposed. It is suggested that under the condition of regional geo-pressure transforming zone in the syncline of the structure, and the terrestrial formation from the bottom of Upper Shaximiao Formation to the top of Lower Shaximiao Formation, the local overpressure areas are the important spots for exploration of deep basin gas traps. It is recommended to make further study and to design a wildcat well in this area.
Deep basin gas trap is considered as the prospective target of gas exploration and research in recent decades. The exploration methods for deep basin gas trap are based on integrative study of geological theory, exploration strategy and engineering techniques. In detail, the integrative study consists of the following three indispensable aspects: ① Emphasis on study and application of geological theory for deep basin gas trap during the exploration process; ② Multi-subject integrative study on the exploration method based on the specific geological features of deep basin gas trap; ③ Improvement of drilling and production techniques. The application of the integrative exploration method for deep basin gas trap in Tongnanba Structural Belt of Sichuan Basin proved the feasibility of this method for identifying the deep basin gas trap. The geological and seismic data indicated that Chixi Syncline has formed “pressure compartment” with favorable source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage and become the prospective area for exploration of deep basin gas trap. The systematic factors/elements of deep basin gas trap were analyzed, and a geological model suitable for deep basin gas traps of Tongnanba Structural Belt was proposed. It is suggested that under the condition of regional geo-pressure transforming zone in the syncline of the structure, and the terrestrial formation from the bottom of Upper Shaximiao Formation to the top of Lower Shaximiao Formation, the local overpressure areas are the important spots for exploration of deep basin gas traps. It is recommended to make further study and to design a wildcat well in this area.
引文
冯增谟.四川盆地西部地区上三叠统及侏罗系高异常压力的形成和天然气富集规律报告.中石化西南石油局研究院,1989.
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[15]金之钧,张金川.天然气成藏的二元机理模式[J].石油学报,2003,24(4):1316.
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[22]薛冈,管路平,王良书,等.盆地超压地层识别方法[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(3):645651.
[1]贾承造,赵文智,魏国齐,等.国外天然气勘探与研究最新进展及发展方向[J].天然气工业,2002,22(4):59.
[2]LawBE.Basin centeredgassystems[J].AAPGBulletin,2002,86(11):18911919.
[3]宋岩,陈孟晋,秦胜飞,等.中国天然气地质理论进展[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(1):811.
[4]MastersJA.Deepbasingastrap[J].AAPGBulletin,1979,63(2):152181.
[5]MastersJA.Elmworth Casestudyofadeepbasingasfield[C].AAPGMemoir38,1984:1316.
[6]RosePR,EverettJR,MerinIS.Possiblebasincenteredgas accumulation,RatonBasin,southernColorado[J].Oil&Gas J.,1984,82(40):190197.
[7]SurdamRC,JiaoZS,HeaslerHP.Anomalouslypressuredgas compartmentsinCretaceousrocksoftheLaramideBasinsofWy oming:Anewclassofhydrocarbonaccumulation[A].In:Sur damRC.Seals,trap,andthepetroleumsystems[C].AAPG Memoir67,1997:199222.
[8]张启明.考察北美地压气和深盆气的报告[J].中国海上油气(地质),1990,4(2):5566.
[9]颜婉荪,韩耀文,康毅力.加拿大天然气勘探的一些启示[J].天然气地球科学,1992,3(4):2530.
[10]王涛.加强深盆气的研究和勘探[J].天然气工业,1997,17(4):14.
[11]闵琪,杨华,付金华.鄂尔多斯盆地的深盆气[J].天然气工业,2000,20(6):1115.
[12]张金亮,常象春,张金功.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界深盆气藏研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(4):3035.
[13]宋岩,洪峰.四川盆地川西坳陷深盆气地质条件分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(2):1114.
[14]张金亮,常象春,王世谦.四川盆地上三叠统深盆气藏研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(3):2733.
[15]金之钧,张金川.天然气成藏的二元机理模式[J].石油学报,2003,24(4):1316.
[16]SurdamRC,RobinsonJ,JiaoZS,etal.DelineationofJonah Fieldusingseismicandsonicvelocityinterpretations[A].In:AndersonDS,RobinsonJW,Estes JacksonJE,etal.Gasin theRockies[C].RockyMountainAssociationofGeologists,2001:189208.
[17]SpencerCW.Reviewofcharacteristicsoflow permeabilitygas reservoirsinWesternUnitedStates[J].AAPGBulletin,1989,73(5):613629.
[18]马新华,王涛,庞雄奇,等.深盆气藏的压力特征及成因机理[J].石油学报,2002,23(5):2327
[19]薛冈.深盆气藏识别方法研究[D].南京:南京大学地球科学系,2004.
[20]MontgomerySL,RobinsonJW.JonahField,SubletteCoun try,Wyoming:GasproductionfromoverpressuredUpperCreta ceousLanceSandstonesoftheGreenRiverBasin[J].AAPG Bulletin,1997,81(7):10491062.
[21]戴金星,夏新宇,洪峰,等.中国煤成大中型气田形成的主要控制因素[J].科学通报,1999,44(22):24552464.
[22]薛冈,管路平,王良书,等.盆地超压地层识别方法[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(3):645651.
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