台湾岛南部海域的前碰撞构造地球物理特征
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摘要
在2001年进行了一次从南海跨越吕宋岛弧到西菲律宾海的海洋地球物理调查,获得了一条高质量深反射地震剖面.以此地震剖面的解释为基础,结合重磁数据的正反演,系统分析了台湾岛南部海域的区域构造地球物理学特征,特别是相邻块体之间碰撞拼接前的构造关系以及不同块体的构造属性,以帮助更好地认识形成台湾岛造山带的早期弧陆碰撞过程.马尼拉增生楔的组成及自西向东的递进变形表明南海的俯冲经历过多个次级俯冲活跃阶段.北吕宋海槽内存在活跃的前碰撞地壳缩短过程,导致地层倾角产生6°～13°的倾斜,但是由地层倾斜而造成的缩短量只占区域总缩短量的很小的一部分.吕宋岛弧的东翼比岛弧的其他部分显得更为活跃,在东翼的弧内盆地内存在活动断裂与褶皱作用.磁反演结果表明吕宋岛弧可能经历了多期次的岩浆过程,造成磁性横向不均一性.布格重力异常及重力正反演结果显示花东海盆具有明显高于南海和吕宋岛弧的地壳和上地幔密度,且与南海北部之间存在较大的海底深度差异,表明花东海盆与南海北部不可能如前人认为的在整体或部分上曾经属于同一个洋壳.加瓜海脊作为一片隆升的洋壳,可能由早期菲律宾海板块在加瓜海脊东侧短暂的西北向俯冲有关.所有证据表明台湾岛南部海域正在进行多块体的拼接,为一大陆增长的典型地区.
引文
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16王平,夏戡原,黄慈流.台湾岛南部恒春海脊地质地球物理特征及其大地构造属性.热带海洋,2000,19(3):33—39
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25Kao H,Huang G C,Liu C S.Transition from oblique subduction to collision in the northern Luzon arc-Taiwan region:Constraints from bathymetry and seismic observations.J Geophys Res,2000,105:3059—3079
26Tang J C,Chemenda A I.Numerical modeling of arc-continent collision:application to Taiwan.Tectonophys,2000,325:23—42
27Bautista B C,Bautista M L P,Oike K,et al.A new insight on thegeometry of subducting slabs in northern Luzon,Philippines.Tec-tonophys,2001,339:279—310
28Deschamps A E,Lallemand S E,Collot J Y.A detailed study of the Gagua Ridge:a fracture zone uplifted during a plate reorganisation in the Mid-Eocene.Mar Geophys Res,1998,20:403—423
29Deschamps A,MoniéP,Lallemand S E,et al.Evidence for early Cretaceous oceanic crust trapped in the Philippine Sea plate.Earth Planet Sci Lett,2000,179:503—516
30Sandwell D T,Smith W H F.Marine gravity anomaly from Geosat and ERS1satellite altimetry.J Geophys Res,1997,102:10039—10054
31Geological Survey of Japan.Magnetic Anomaly Map of East Asia.Miscellaneous Map Sr,1994,32
32Talwani M,Worzel J L,Landisman M.Rapid gravity computations for two-dimensional bodies with application to the Mendocino submarine fracture zone.J Geophys Res,1959,64:49—59
33Yang T F,Lee T,Chen C H,et al.A double island arc between Taiwan and Luzon:consequence of ridge subduction.Tectonophys,1996,258:85—101
34Reed D L,Lundberg N,Liu C S,et al.Structural relations along the margins of the offshore Taiwan accretionary wedge:implica-tion for accretion and crustal kinematics.Acta Geol Taiwanica,1992,30:105—122
35Hirtzel J O.Evolution of a forearc basin in arc-continent collision,offshore Taiwan.Thesis for the Master’s Degree.San Jose:San Jose Sate University,1996.41
36Sibuet J C,Hsu S K,Le Pichon X,et al.East Asia plate tectonics since15Ma:constraints from the Taiwan region.Tectonophys,2002,344:103—134
37Yang Y S,Wang T K.Crustal velocity variation of the western Philippine Sea plate from TAICRUST OBS/MCS line23.Terr At-mos Ocean Sci,1998,9:379—393
38Cohen J K,Stockwell Jr J W.CWP/SU:Seismic Unix Release36:a free package for seismic research and processing.Center for Wave Phenomena,Colorado School of Mines,2002
39Wessel P,Smith W H F.New version of the Generic Mapping Tools(GMT)version3.0released.Trans.AGU,EOS,1995,76:329
2Chai B H.Structure and tectonic evolution of Taiwan.Am J Sci,1972,272:389—432
3Teng L S.Geotectonic evolution of the late-Cenozoic arc-continent collision in Taiwan.Tectonophys,1990,183:57—76
4Seno T,Stein S,Gripp A E.A model for the motion of the Philip-pine Sea plate consistent with NUVEL-1and geological data.J Geophys Res,1993,98:17941—17948
5Yu S B,Chen H Y,Kuo L C.Velocity field of GPS stations in the Taiwan area.Tectonophys,1997,274:41—59
6Davis D,Suppe J,Dahlen F A.Mechanisms of fold-and-thrust belts and accretionary wedges.J Geophys Res,1983,88:1153—1172
7Suppe J.Kinematics of arc-continent collision,flipping of subduc-tion,and back-arc spreading near Taiwan.Mem Geol Soc China,1984,6:21—34
8Lundberg N,Reed D L,Liu C S,et al.Forearc-basin closure and arc accretion in the submarine suture zone south of Taiwan.Tec-tonophys,1997,274:5—23
9Lacombe O,Mouthereau F,Angelier J,et al.Structural,geodetic and seismological evidence for tectonic escape in SW Taiwan.Tectonophys,2001,333:323—345
10Malavieille J,et al.Geology of the arc-continent collision in Tai-wan:marine observations and geodynamic model.Geol Soc Am Special Issue,2002,358:187—211
11Huang C Y,Yuan P B,Song S R,et al.Tectonics of short-lived in-tra-arc basins in the arc-continent collision terrane of the Coastal Range,Eastern Taiwan.Tectonics,1995,14:19—38
12Huang C Y,Wu W Y,Chang C P,et al.Tectonic evolution of ac-cretionary prism in the arc-continent collision terrane of Taiwan.Tectonophys,1997,281:31—51
13Huang C Y,Yuan P B,Lin C W,et al.Geodynamics processes of Taiwan arc-continent collision and comparison with analogs in Timor,Papua New Guinea,Urals and Corsica.Tectonophys,2000,325:1—21
14Huang C Y,Xia K Y,Yuan P B,et al.Structural evolution from Paleogene extension to Latest Miocene-Recent arc-continent colli-sion offshore Taiwan:comparison with on land geology.J Asian Earth Sci,2001,19:619—639
15Xia K Y,Huang C L,Jiang S R,et al.Comparison of tectonics and geophysics of the major structural belts between the northern and southern continental margins of the South China Sea.Tectonophys,1994,235:99—116
16王平,夏戡原,黄慈流.台湾岛南部恒春海脊地质地球物理特征及其大地构造属性.热带海洋,2000,19(3):33—39
17Chi W C.From Subduction to Collision:Results from Seismic Profiling,Gravity Modeling,and Earthquake Finite Fault Inver-sions in Taiwan Region.Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree.Berkeley:University of California,Berkeley,2003.200
18Hsu S K,Liu C S,Shyu C T,et al.New gravity and magnetic anomaly maps in the Taiwan-Luzon region and their preliminary interpretation.Terr Atmos Ocean Sci,1998,9:509—532
19Chen A T,Jaw Y S.Velocity structure near the northern Manila Trench:an OBS reflection study.Terr Atmos Ocean Sci,1996,7:277—297
20Nakamura Y,McIntosh K,Chen A T.Preliminary results of a large offset seismic survey west of Hengchun Peninsula,southern Tai-wan.Terr Atmos Ocean Sci,1998,9:395—408
21张健,宋海斌.台湾岛岛中央山脉的“山根”构造及其重力效应.见:李家彪,高抒,主编.中国边缘海海盆演化与资源效应.“中国边缘海形成演化系列研究”丛书.第三卷.北京:海洋出版社,2004.243―248(彩XIV,XV)
22Zhang J,Wang C Y,Shi Y,et al.Three-dimensional crustal struc-ture in central Taiwan from gravity inversion with a parallel genetic algorithm.Geophys,2004,69:917—924
23Wu F T,Rau R J,Salzberg D.Taiwan orogeny:thin-skinned or lithospheric collision?Tectonophys,1997,274:191—220
24Cheng W B,Wang C,Shyu C T,et al.A three-dimensional Vp model of the southeastern Taiwan area and its tectonic implications.Terr Atmos Ocean Sci,1998,9:425—452
25Kao H,Huang G C,Liu C S.Transition from oblique subduction to collision in the northern Luzon arc-Taiwan region:Constraints from bathymetry and seismic observations.J Geophys Res,2000,105:3059—3079
26Tang J C,Chemenda A I.Numerical modeling of arc-continent collision:application to Taiwan.Tectonophys,2000,325:23—42
27Bautista B C,Bautista M L P,Oike K,et al.A new insight on thegeometry of subducting slabs in northern Luzon,Philippines.Tec-tonophys,2001,339:279—310
28Deschamps A E,Lallemand S E,Collot J Y.A detailed study of the Gagua Ridge:a fracture zone uplifted during a plate reorganisation in the Mid-Eocene.Mar Geophys Res,1998,20:403—423
29Deschamps A,MoniéP,Lallemand S E,et al.Evidence for early Cretaceous oceanic crust trapped in the Philippine Sea plate.Earth Planet Sci Lett,2000,179:503—516
30Sandwell D T,Smith W H F.Marine gravity anomaly from Geosat and ERS1satellite altimetry.J Geophys Res,1997,102:10039—10054
31Geological Survey of Japan.Magnetic Anomaly Map of East Asia.Miscellaneous Map Sr,1994,32
32Talwani M,Worzel J L,Landisman M.Rapid gravity computations for two-dimensional bodies with application to the Mendocino submarine fracture zone.J Geophys Res,1959,64:49—59
33Yang T F,Lee T,Chen C H,et al.A double island arc between Taiwan and Luzon:consequence of ridge subduction.Tectonophys,1996,258:85—101
34Reed D L,Lundberg N,Liu C S,et al.Structural relations along the margins of the offshore Taiwan accretionary wedge:implica-tion for accretion and crustal kinematics.Acta Geol Taiwanica,1992,30:105—122
35Hirtzel J O.Evolution of a forearc basin in arc-continent collision,offshore Taiwan.Thesis for the Master’s Degree.San Jose:San Jose Sate University,1996.41
36Sibuet J C,Hsu S K,Le Pichon X,et al.East Asia plate tectonics since15Ma:constraints from the Taiwan region.Tectonophys,2002,344:103—134
37Yang Y S,Wang T K.Crustal velocity variation of the western Philippine Sea plate from TAICRUST OBS/MCS line23.Terr At-mos Ocean Sci,1998,9:379—393
38Cohen J K,Stockwell Jr J W.CWP/SU:Seismic Unix Release36:a free package for seismic research and processing.Center for Wave Phenomena,Colorado School of Mines,2002
39Wessel P,Smith W H F.New version of the Generic Mapping Tools(GMT)version3.0released.Trans.AGU,EOS,1995,76:329
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