河岸窝崩机理的探讨
|
摘要
通过分析窝崩发生的特点,本文给出了窝崩发生的边界条件、水流条件和触发因素的具体内涵。边界条件包括岸滩结构的不连续性、岸滩抗冲能力差等,是发生窝崩的必要条件和内因;水流条件是指局部强烈的紊动结构(环流、斜流、横流)、深泓靠岸、洪水涨落等,是窝崩发生的重要条件;水压力的突变、突加荷载、地震等是窝崩发生的激发条件。窝崩发生的原因主要是岸滩剧烈淘刷或岸滩土体的承载能力减小或消失;按窝崩成因,可分为淘刷窝崩和液化窝崩。
By analyzing the field data on Ω caving,the concrete conditions to cause Ω caving were given in this paper,induding boundary conditions,flow conditions and triggering factors.Boundary conditions,which include the uncontinuity of the bank material composition and the anti-eroding ability of the bank soil,are the essential and internal cause of the Ω caving.Flow conditions,which include strong flow structures(such as circulation,turbulence,oblique flow and crosswise flow),channel regime near the bank and changes of the water level,are important for the Ω caving.Factors like a sudden change in the water pressure,a sudden load and an earthquake are triggering conditions.The main reasons to cause Ω bank failures are the strong cave-in and the soil liquefaction of the bank.Therefore Ω bank failures are usually divided into two types: the caving failure and the liquefaction failure.
By analyzing the field data on Ω caving,the concrete conditions to cause Ω caving were given in this paper,induding boundary conditions,flow conditions and triggering factors.Boundary conditions,which include the uncontinuity of the bank material composition and the anti-eroding ability of the bank soil,are the essential and internal cause of the Ω caving.Flow conditions,which include strong flow structures(such as circulation,turbulence,oblique flow and crosswise flow),channel regime near the bank and changes of the water level,are important for the Ω caving.Factors like a sudden change in the water pressure,a sudden load and an earthquake are triggering conditions.The main reasons to cause Ω bank failures are the strong cave-in and the soil liquefaction of the bank.Therefore Ω bank failures are usually divided into two types: the caving failure and the liquefaction failure.
引文
[1]金腊华,石秀清,等.长江大堤窝崩机理与控制措施研究[J].泥沙研究,2001,(1):38-43.
[2]Koppejan A W,Van Wanelen B M and Weinberg L J H,Coastal Flow Slides in the Dutch Province of Zeeland,Proc.2ndICOSMFE,5.Rotterdam,1948,p89-96.
[3]汪闻韶.土的动力强度和液化特性[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1997.
[4]丁普育,张敬玉.江岸土体液化与崩岸关系的探讨[A].长江中下游护岸工程论文集(3)[C].长江水利水电科学研究院,1985.104-109.
[5]陈引川,彭海鹰.长江下游大窝崩的发生及防护[A].长江中下游护岸工程论文集(3)[C].长江水利水电科学研究院,1985.112-117.
[6]王志昆.嘶马段崩岸变化及其原因分析[A].长江中下游护岸工程论文集(4)[C].水利部长江水利委员会,1990.303-307.
[7]中科院地理所.长江九江至河口河床边界条件及其与崩岸的关系[A].长江中下游护岸工程经验选编,北京:科学出版社,1978.
[8]吴玉华,苏爱军,等.江西省彭泽县马湖堤崩岸原因分析[J].人民长江,1997,28(4):27-30.
[9]金腊华,王南海,傅琼华.长江马湖堤崩岸形态及影响因素的初步分析[J].泥沙研究,1998,(2).
[10]Davis R J and Gregory K J.A New Distinct Mechanism of River Bank Erosion in A Forested Catchment.Journal of Hydrology,1994,No.157:1-11.
[11]张应龙.荆江护岸工程近岸河床演变[A].长江中下游护岸工程论文集(3)[C].长江水利水电科学研究院,1985.97-104.
[12]师哲.嘶马护岸工程稳定趋势的初步分析[A].长江中下游护岸工程论文集(4)[C].水利部长江水利委员会,1990.323-330.
[2]Koppejan A W,Van Wanelen B M and Weinberg L J H,Coastal Flow Slides in the Dutch Province of Zeeland,Proc.2ndICOSMFE,5.Rotterdam,1948,p89-96.
[3]汪闻韶.土的动力强度和液化特性[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1997.
[4]丁普育,张敬玉.江岸土体液化与崩岸关系的探讨[A].长江中下游护岸工程论文集(3)[C].长江水利水电科学研究院,1985.104-109.
[5]陈引川,彭海鹰.长江下游大窝崩的发生及防护[A].长江中下游护岸工程论文集(3)[C].长江水利水电科学研究院,1985.112-117.
[6]王志昆.嘶马段崩岸变化及其原因分析[A].长江中下游护岸工程论文集(4)[C].水利部长江水利委员会,1990.303-307.
[7]中科院地理所.长江九江至河口河床边界条件及其与崩岸的关系[A].长江中下游护岸工程经验选编,北京:科学出版社,1978.
[8]吴玉华,苏爱军,等.江西省彭泽县马湖堤崩岸原因分析[J].人民长江,1997,28(4):27-30.
[9]金腊华,王南海,傅琼华.长江马湖堤崩岸形态及影响因素的初步分析[J].泥沙研究,1998,(2).
[10]Davis R J and Gregory K J.A New Distinct Mechanism of River Bank Erosion in A Forested Catchment.Journal of Hydrology,1994,No.157:1-11.
[11]张应龙.荆江护岸工程近岸河床演变[A].长江中下游护岸工程论文集(3)[C].长江水利水电科学研究院,1985.97-104.
[12]师哲.嘶马护岸工程稳定趋势的初步分析[A].长江中下游护岸工程论文集(4)[C].水利部长江水利委员会,1990.323-330.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心