苏丹迈卢特盆地石油地质特征及成藏模式
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摘要
迈卢特盆地是苏丹东南部中—新生代的一个大型陆内裂谷盆地。该盆地发育了强—弱—强3期裂谷,这决定了下白垩统发育主力生油岩、古近系发育主力成藏组合。利用地震资料推断出北部凹陷是主力生烃凹陷,凹陷的半地堑结构和平面斜列特征决定了缓坡带是主力成藏带。而且盆地地温梯度偏低使成藏期偏晚,为古近系提供了充足油源。据此建立了有别于邻区Muglad等盆地和渤海湾盆地的成藏模式,明确了盆地资源潜力和有利勘探方向,为Palogue世界级大油田的快速发现提供了依据。
Melut Basin is a large-scale basin of the Cretaceous-Paleogene sediment in the southeastern Sudan.Two strong rifting phases were developed during the Early Cretaceous and Paleocene,and one weak rifting phase was developed in the basin during the Late Cretaceous.Consequently,the main source rocks were deposited in the Lower Cretaceous and the main play was developed in the Paleocene.Based on analogue of seismic reflection characters and sequence stratigraphy,the Lower Cretaceous in the Northern Melut Sub-Basin(NMSB) was deduced as the main source kitchen.The half-graben style of NMSB made the northeastern gentle slope become the most advantageous accumulation area for hydrocarbon.Furthermore,the lower geothermal gradient controlled the critical moment of petroleum system in the Late Eocene,which provided enough hydrocarbons charging into the Paleocene.Accordingly,the pattern of reservoir-forming in Melut Basin was established.This pattern is quite different from adjacent Muglad Basin in Sudan and Bohai Bay Basin in China.Then,a more reasonable estimation of petroleum resources and more scientific exploration strategy in Melut Basin of Sudan were made on the pattern of reservoir-forming,and a Great Palogue Oil Field was successfully discovered by CNPC.
Melut Basin is a large-scale basin of the Cretaceous-Paleogene sediment in the southeastern Sudan.Two strong rifting phases were developed during the Early Cretaceous and Paleocene,and one weak rifting phase was developed in the basin during the Late Cretaceous.Consequently,the main source rocks were deposited in the Lower Cretaceous and the main play was developed in the Paleocene.Based on analogue of seismic reflection characters and sequence stratigraphy,the Lower Cretaceous in the Northern Melut Sub-Basin(NMSB) was deduced as the main source kitchen.The half-graben style of NMSB made the northeastern gentle slope become the most advantageous accumulation area for hydrocarbon.Furthermore,the lower geothermal gradient controlled the critical moment of petroleum system in the Late Eocene,which provided enough hydrocarbons charging into the Paleocene.Accordingly,the pattern of reservoir-forming in Melut Basin was established.This pattern is quite different from adjacent Muglad Basin in Sudan and Bohai Bay Basin in China.Then,a more reasonable estimation of petroleum resources and more scientific exploration strategy in Melut Basin of Sudan were made on the pattern of reservoir-forming,and a Great Palogue Oil Field was successfully discovered by CNPC.
引文
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[4]Guiraud René,Maurin Jean-Christophe.Early Cretaceous ofwestern and Central Africa:An overview[J].Tectonophysics,1992,213(1/2):153-168.
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[6]Genik G J.Regional framework,structural and petroleum aspectsof rift basins in Niger,Chad and the Central African Republic[J].Tectonophysics,1992,213(1/2):169-185.
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[8]童晓光,窦立荣,田作基,等.苏丹穆格莱特盆地的地质模式和成藏模式[J].石油学报,2004 25(1):19-24.
[9]肖坤叶,黄人平,林金逞,等.中非迈卢特盆地Adar-Yale油田油藏特征及勘探方向[J].现代地质,2003,17(增刊):124-129.
[10]吕延仓,何碧竹,王秀林,等.中非穆格莱德盆地Fula凹陷石油地质特征及勘探前景[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(3):95-98.
[11]张亚敏,陈发景.穆格莱德盆地形成特点与勘探潜力[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(3):236-240.
[12]Halbouty M,Horn M.Giant oil and gas fields of the decade,1990-2000[C].AAPG Memoir78,2003:1-14.
[2]Bermingham P M,Fairhead J D,Stuart G W.Gravity study of theCentral African Rift system:A model of continental disruption2.The Darfur domal uplift and associated Cainozoic volcanism[J].Tectonophysics,1983,94(1/4):205-222.
[3]Mchargue Tim R,Heidrick Tom L,Livingston Jack E.Tectonos-tratigraphic development of the Interior Sudan rifts,Central Af-rica[J].Tectonophysics,1992,213(1/2):187-202.
[4]Guiraud René,Maurin Jean-Christophe.Early Cretaceous ofwestern and Central Africa:An overview[J].Tectonophysics,1992,213(1/2):153-168.
[5]Wilson Marjorie,Guiraud Rene.Magmatism and rifting in West-ern and Central African,from Late Jurassic to Recent Times[J].Tectonophysics,1992,213(1/2):203-225.
[6]Genik G J.Regional framework,structural and petroleum aspectsof rift basins in Niger,Chad and the Central African Republic[J].Tectonophysics,1992,213(1/2):169-185.
[7]Genik G J.Petroleum Geology of Cretaceous-Tertiary Rift Basinsin Niger,Chad,and Central African Republic[J].AAPG Bulle-tin,1993,77(8):1405-1434.
[8]童晓光,窦立荣,田作基,等.苏丹穆格莱特盆地的地质模式和成藏模式[J].石油学报,2004 25(1):19-24.
[9]肖坤叶,黄人平,林金逞,等.中非迈卢特盆地Adar-Yale油田油藏特征及勘探方向[J].现代地质,2003,17(增刊):124-129.
[10]吕延仓,何碧竹,王秀林,等.中非穆格莱德盆地Fula凹陷石油地质特征及勘探前景[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(3):95-98.
[11]张亚敏,陈发景.穆格莱德盆地形成特点与勘探潜力[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(3):236-240.
[12]Halbouty M,Horn M.Giant oil and gas fields of the decade,1990-2000[C].AAPG Memoir78,2003:1-14.
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